We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel Raman-based distributed fiber-optics temperature sensor(RDTS) for improving the temperature measurement accuracy and engineering applicability. The proposed method is ...We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel Raman-based distributed fiber-optics temperature sensor(RDTS) for improving the temperature measurement accuracy and engineering applicability. The proposed method is based on double-ended demodulation with a reference temperature and dynamic dispersion difference compensation method, which can suppress the effect of local external physics perturbation and intermodal dispersion on temperature demodulation results. Moreover, the system can omit the pre-calibration process by using the reference temperature before the temperature measurement. The experimental results of dispersion compensation indicate that the temperature accuracy optimizes from 5.6°C to 1.2°C, and the temperature uncertainty decreases from 16.8°C to 2.4°C. Moreover, the double-ended configuration can automatically compensate the local external physics perturbation of the sensing fiber, which exhibits a distinctive improvement.展开更多
A total of 415 samples from febrile children exhibiting either concordant (n = 108) or discordant (n = 307) results between microscopy, the gold standard diagnostic test, and two Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), OptiMAL...A total of 415 samples from febrile children exhibiting either concordant (n = 108) or discordant (n = 307) results between microscopy, the gold standard diagnostic test, and two Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), OptiMAL-IT?(pLDH) and Acon?HRP2, were analysed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from May to December 2011 in Gabon. The aim of the study was to analyse these discrepancies using poly-merase chain reaction (PCR). Nested PCR targeting the Plasmodium ssrRNA gene was used to distinguish P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale. Plasmodium falciparum was the only malaria species identified. Discrepancies frequently involved samples that were negative by microscopy and positive by Acon?HRP2 (90%) or Optimal-it?(86%). The PCR assay detected submicroscopic infection in almost 23% of the microscopy-negative samples, whereas plasmodial DNA was not found in 77% of the Acon?HRP2 positive-microscopy negative samples. Although results obtained with Optimal-it? were more frequently concordant with those of PCR genotyping, the low specificity of Optimal-iT?for non-falciparum malaria parasite detection resulted in a high proportion of false negative RDTs (90%) and a high frequency of tests with faint line intensity. The present study highlights the specific attributes of the different methods used to identify malaria parasite below the microscopy level of detection. RDT results that were discordant with either microscopy or PCR as the gold standard could represent a challenge for rapid, accurate fever case management in malaria endemic areas. It is necessary to pursue the development of more precise and more sensitive point-of-care diagnostic tools for malaria.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the accuracy of malaria diagnosis among pregnant women admitted in Medani Maternity Hospital,Central Sudan during June-October 2009 and to investigate the antimalarials prescribed in this selt...Objective:To investigate the accuracy of malaria diagnosis among pregnant women admitted in Medani Maternity Hospital,Central Sudan during June-October 2009 and to investigate the antimalarials prescribed in this selting.Methods:Soeio-demographic characteristics and obstetrics history were gathered using pre-tested questionnaires.The finger prick blood samples were collected from pregnant women who admitted as malaria case after an initial microscopic test done by general microscopists for malaria diagnosis.The antimalarial treatment prescribed by treating doctor was inquired for.Results:Only 21(8.6%) out of 243 pregnant women admitted as malaria case after an initial microscopic test done by general microscopists for malaria were found to have blood film positive.There was no significant difference in the specificity of the microscopy accuracy between those who have been investigated in the private and governmental sector,15/193(8.2%) vs.6/60(10%),(P】0.05).Quinine infusion was the prescribed drug in this setting.Conclusions:There is a very poor specificity of malaria microscopy in pregnant women admitted to Madani Maternity Hospital.Quinine was the drug received.Malaria control programme should interfere urgently to change this situation.展开更多
The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)/coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has crippled several countries across the globe posing a serious global public health challenge.Despit...The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)/coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has crippled several countries across the globe posing a serious global public health challenge.Despite the massive rollout of vaccines,molecular diagnosis remains the most important method for timely isolation,diagnosis,and control of COVID-19.Several molecular diagnostic tools have been developed since the beginning of the pandemic with some even gaining emergency use authorization from the United States(US)Food and Drug Administration for in vitro diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.Herein,we discuss the working principles of some commonly used molecular diagnostic tools for SARS-CoV-2 including nucleic acid amplification tests,isothermal amplification tests,and rapid diagnostic tests.To ensure successful detection while minimizing the risk of cross-infection and misdiagnosis when using these diagnostic tools,laboratories should adhere to proper biosafety practices.Hence,we also present the common biosafety practices that may ensure the successful detection of SARS-CoV-2 from specimens while protecting laboratory workers and non-suspecting individuals from being infected.From this review article,it is clear that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to an increase in molecular diagnostic tools and the formation of new biosafety protocols that may be important for future and ongoing outbreaks.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 61527819 and 61875146)the Research Project by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (Nos. 2016-036 and 2017-052)+2 种基金the Key Science and Technology Research Project Based on Coal of Shanxi Province (No. MQ2014-09)the Program for the Outstanding Innovative Teams of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxithe Program for Sanjin Scholar
文摘We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel Raman-based distributed fiber-optics temperature sensor(RDTS) for improving the temperature measurement accuracy and engineering applicability. The proposed method is based on double-ended demodulation with a reference temperature and dynamic dispersion difference compensation method, which can suppress the effect of local external physics perturbation and intermodal dispersion on temperature demodulation results. Moreover, the system can omit the pre-calibration process by using the reference temperature before the temperature measurement. The experimental results of dispersion compensation indicate that the temperature accuracy optimizes from 5.6°C to 1.2°C, and the temperature uncertainty decreases from 16.8°C to 2.4°C. Moreover, the double-ended configuration can automatically compensate the local external physics perturbation of the sensing fiber, which exhibits a distinctive improvement.
文摘A total of 415 samples from febrile children exhibiting either concordant (n = 108) or discordant (n = 307) results between microscopy, the gold standard diagnostic test, and two Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs), OptiMAL-IT?(pLDH) and Acon?HRP2, were analysed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from May to December 2011 in Gabon. The aim of the study was to analyse these discrepancies using poly-merase chain reaction (PCR). Nested PCR targeting the Plasmodium ssrRNA gene was used to distinguish P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale. Plasmodium falciparum was the only malaria species identified. Discrepancies frequently involved samples that were negative by microscopy and positive by Acon?HRP2 (90%) or Optimal-it?(86%). The PCR assay detected submicroscopic infection in almost 23% of the microscopy-negative samples, whereas plasmodial DNA was not found in 77% of the Acon?HRP2 positive-microscopy negative samples. Although results obtained with Optimal-it? were more frequently concordant with those of PCR genotyping, the low specificity of Optimal-iT?for non-falciparum malaria parasite detection resulted in a high proportion of false negative RDTs (90%) and a high frequency of tests with faint line intensity. The present study highlights the specific attributes of the different methods used to identify malaria parasite below the microscopy level of detection. RDT results that were discordant with either microscopy or PCR as the gold standard could represent a challenge for rapid, accurate fever case management in malaria endemic areas. It is necessary to pursue the development of more precise and more sensitive point-of-care diagnostic tools for malaria.
基金supported by The Ministry for Higher Education and Scientific Research, Sudan
文摘Objective:To investigate the accuracy of malaria diagnosis among pregnant women admitted in Medani Maternity Hospital,Central Sudan during June-October 2009 and to investigate the antimalarials prescribed in this selting.Methods:Soeio-demographic characteristics and obstetrics history were gathered using pre-tested questionnaires.The finger prick blood samples were collected from pregnant women who admitted as malaria case after an initial microscopic test done by general microscopists for malaria diagnosis.The antimalarial treatment prescribed by treating doctor was inquired for.Results:Only 21(8.6%) out of 243 pregnant women admitted as malaria case after an initial microscopic test done by general microscopists for malaria were found to have blood film positive.There was no significant difference in the specificity of the microscopy accuracy between those who have been investigated in the private and governmental sector,15/193(8.2%) vs.6/60(10%),(P】0.05).Quinine infusion was the prescribed drug in this setting.Conclusions:There is a very poor specificity of malaria microscopy in pregnant women admitted to Madani Maternity Hospital.Quinine was the drug received.Malaria control programme should interfere urgently to change this situation.
文摘The ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)/coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has crippled several countries across the globe posing a serious global public health challenge.Despite the massive rollout of vaccines,molecular diagnosis remains the most important method for timely isolation,diagnosis,and control of COVID-19.Several molecular diagnostic tools have been developed since the beginning of the pandemic with some even gaining emergency use authorization from the United States(US)Food and Drug Administration for in vitro diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2.Herein,we discuss the working principles of some commonly used molecular diagnostic tools for SARS-CoV-2 including nucleic acid amplification tests,isothermal amplification tests,and rapid diagnostic tests.To ensure successful detection while minimizing the risk of cross-infection and misdiagnosis when using these diagnostic tools,laboratories should adhere to proper biosafety practices.Hence,we also present the common biosafety practices that may ensure the successful detection of SARS-CoV-2 from specimens while protecting laboratory workers and non-suspecting individuals from being infected.From this review article,it is clear that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to an increase in molecular diagnostic tools and the formation of new biosafety protocols that may be important for future and ongoing outbreaks.
