The Pulang porphyry copper deposit is located in the Zhongdian island arc belt, NW Yunnan, in the central part of the Sanjiang area, SW China, belonging to the southern segment of the Yidun island arc belt on the west...The Pulang porphyry copper deposit is located in the Zhongdian island arc belt, NW Yunnan, in the central part of the Sanjiang area, SW China, belonging to the southern segment of the Yidun island arc belt on the western margin of the Yangtze Platform. In the Yidun island arc, there occur well-known 'Gacun-style' massive sulfide deposits in the northern segment and plenty of porphyry copper deposits in the southern segment, of which the Pulang porphyry copper deposit is one of the representatives. Like the Yulong porphyry copper deposit, this porphyry copper deposit is also one of the most important porphyry copper deposits in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. But it is different from other porphyry copper deposits in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (e.g. those in the Gangdise porphyry copper belt and Yulong porphyry copper belt) in that it formed in the Indosinian period, while others in the Himalayan period. Because of its particularity among the porphyry copper deposits of China, this porphyry copper deposit is of great significance for the study of the basic geology and the evaluation and prediction of mineral resources in the Zhongdian island arc belt. However, no accurate chronological data are available for determining the timing of mineralization of the porphyry copper deposit. By field observation in the study area and Re-Os dating of molybdenite and K-Ar dating of hydrothermal minerals and whole rock from the typical geological bodies, the timing of mineralization of the porphyry copper deposit has systematically been determined for the first time. The K-Ar age for the hydrothermal mineralization of biotite-quartz monzonitic porphyry that has undergone patassic silicate (biotite and K-feldspar) alteration ranges from 235.4±2.4 to 221.5±2.0 Ma and the Re-Os age for molybdenite in the quartz-molybdenite stage is ~213±3.8 Ma. These data are very close to each other, suggesting that the ore-forming processes of the Pulang porphyry copper deposit was completed in the Indosinian. But the K-feldspar K-Ar展开更多
In this paper,the east ore section of the Pulang porphyry copper deposit is selected as the research object.The micro-thermometer and laser Raman spectroscopic technique are utilized to study the parameters of ore-for...In this paper,the east ore section of the Pulang porphyry copper deposit is selected as the research object.The micro-thermometer and laser Raman spectroscopic technique are utilized to study the parameters of ore-forming fluids such as pressure,temperature,and compositions.In the meantime,the fractal models,including the perimeter-area(P-A)model and number-size(N-S)model,are introduced to quantify the shape of fluid inclusions,and distinguish the stages of ore-forming fluids,respectively.The results show that the types of fluid inclusions are diversified,namely two-phase liquid-rich type,two-phase vapor-rich type,three-phase CO2-rich type,three-phase halite-bearing type and pure liquid type.The fluids of main mineralization stage are characterized by medium-high temperature(170.2–421.4°C),medium-high salinity(9.3 wt.%–33.3 wt.%),and low density(0.73–1.06 g/cm3).With the migration and evolution,the temperature,salinity,and pressure of ore-forming fluids gradually decrease,while the density of fluids increases.The liquid-phase compositions mainly include H2O,and the vapor-phase compositions consist of H2O,CH4,N2,and CO2,indicating the characteristics of reducing fluids and the mixing of atmospheric precipitation.In general,the characteristics of ore-forming fluids in the east ore section are similar to those of the first mining area,suggesting that the ore-forming fluids in the east ore section may not migrate from the first mining area.And the east ore section may be a relatively independent metallogenic system.Moreover,the fractal analysis results demonstrate that the shape of fluid inclusions formed in the same hydrothermal activity features self-similarity.The DAPvalues of fluid inclusions in B veins,ED veins,andD veins are 1.04,1.06 and 1.10,respectively,showing a gradually increasing trend from the main stage to the late stage of mineralization.Meanwhile,the shape of fluid inclusions ranging from B veins to D veins becomes increasingly irregular.It also reveals that the homogenization temperature sati展开更多
The Pulang porphyry copper deposit,located in the Gezan tectonic-magmatic arc and south of the Yidun island arc,southwest of Sanjiang metallogenic belt in Yunnan province,is a super-large porphyry copper deposit.
On March 16,the commissioning ceremony of the Pulang Copper Mine phase I mining and dressing project was held as scheduled.The Pulang Copper Mine,located in the 3,500-meter altitude snowy plateau of Shangri-la
The Pulang （普朗） porphyry copper deposit, located in the southern segment of the Yidun-Zhongdian （义敦-中甸） island arc ore-forming belt of the Tethys-Himalaya ore-forming domain, is a recently discovered large c...The Pulang （普朗） porphyry copper deposit, located in the southern segment of the Yidun-Zhongdian （义敦-中甸） island arc ore-forming belt of the Tethys-Himalaya ore-forming domain, is a recently discovered large copper deposit. Compared with the composition of granodiorite in China, the porphyry rocks in this area are enriched in W, Mo, Cu, Au, As, Sb, F, V, and Na2O （K1≥1.2）. Compared with the composition of fresh porphyry rocks in this district, the mineralized rocks are enriched in Cu, Au, Ag, Mo, Pb, Zn, W, As, Sb, and K2O （K2≥1.2）. Some elements show clear anomalies, such as Zn, Ag, Cu, Au, W, and Mo, and can be regarded as pathfinders for prospecting new ore bodies in depth. It has been inferred from factor analysis that the Pulang porphyry copper deposit may have undergone the multiple stages of alteration and mineralization： （a） Cu-Au mineralization; （b） W-Mo mineralization; and （c） silicification and potassic metasomatism in the whole ore-forming process. A detailed zonation sequence of indicator elements is obtained using the variability index of indicator elements as follows： Zn→Ag→Cu→Au→W→Mo. According to this zonation, an index such as （Ag＊Zn）D/（Mo×W）D can be constructed and regarded as a significant criterion for predicting the Cu potential at a particular depth.展开更多
基金the Projects of Land and Mineral Resources Survey of the Ministry of Land and Resources(No.200310200001-4)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40272046)National Basic Research Project of the Ministry of Scienceand Technology of China(No.2002CB412610).
文摘The Pulang porphyry copper deposit is located in the Zhongdian island arc belt, NW Yunnan, in the central part of the Sanjiang area, SW China, belonging to the southern segment of the Yidun island arc belt on the western margin of the Yangtze Platform. In the Yidun island arc, there occur well-known 'Gacun-style' massive sulfide deposits in the northern segment and plenty of porphyry copper deposits in the southern segment, of which the Pulang porphyry copper deposit is one of the representatives. Like the Yulong porphyry copper deposit, this porphyry copper deposit is also one of the most important porphyry copper deposits in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. But it is different from other porphyry copper deposits in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (e.g. those in the Gangdise porphyry copper belt and Yulong porphyry copper belt) in that it formed in the Indosinian period, while others in the Himalayan period. Because of its particularity among the porphyry copper deposits of China, this porphyry copper deposit is of great significance for the study of the basic geology and the evaluation and prediction of mineral resources in the Zhongdian island arc belt. However, no accurate chronological data are available for determining the timing of mineralization of the porphyry copper deposit. By field observation in the study area and Re-Os dating of molybdenite and K-Ar dating of hydrothermal minerals and whole rock from the typical geological bodies, the timing of mineralization of the porphyry copper deposit has systematically been determined for the first time. The K-Ar age for the hydrothermal mineralization of biotite-quartz monzonitic porphyry that has undergone patassic silicate (biotite and K-feldspar) alteration ranges from 235.4±2.4 to 221.5±2.0 Ma and the Re-Os age for molybdenite in the quartz-molybdenite stage is ~213±3.8 Ma. These data are very close to each other, suggesting that the ore-forming processes of the Pulang porphyry copper deposit was completed in the Indosinian. But the K-feldspar K-Ar
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0600508)the Open Fund of the Research Center for Petrogenesis and Mineralization of Granitoid Rocks,China Geological Survey(No.PMGR202011)China Geological Survey(No.DD20190385)。
文摘In this paper,the east ore section of the Pulang porphyry copper deposit is selected as the research object.The micro-thermometer and laser Raman spectroscopic technique are utilized to study the parameters of ore-forming fluids such as pressure,temperature,and compositions.In the meantime,the fractal models,including the perimeter-area(P-A)model and number-size(N-S)model,are introduced to quantify the shape of fluid inclusions,and distinguish the stages of ore-forming fluids,respectively.The results show that the types of fluid inclusions are diversified,namely two-phase liquid-rich type,two-phase vapor-rich type,three-phase CO2-rich type,three-phase halite-bearing type and pure liquid type.The fluids of main mineralization stage are characterized by medium-high temperature(170.2–421.4°C),medium-high salinity(9.3 wt.%–33.3 wt.%),and low density(0.73–1.06 g/cm3).With the migration and evolution,the temperature,salinity,and pressure of ore-forming fluids gradually decrease,while the density of fluids increases.The liquid-phase compositions mainly include H2O,and the vapor-phase compositions consist of H2O,CH4,N2,and CO2,indicating the characteristics of reducing fluids and the mixing of atmospheric precipitation.In general,the characteristics of ore-forming fluids in the east ore section are similar to those of the first mining area,suggesting that the ore-forming fluids in the east ore section may not migrate from the first mining area.And the east ore section may be a relatively independent metallogenic system.Moreover,the fractal analysis results demonstrate that the shape of fluid inclusions formed in the same hydrothermal activity features self-similarity.The DAPvalues of fluid inclusions in B veins,ED veins,andD veins are 1.04,1.06 and 1.10,respectively,showing a gradually increasing trend from the main stage to the late stage of mineralization.Meanwhile,the shape of fluid inclusions ranging from B veins to D veins becomes increasingly irregular.It also reveals that the homogenization temperature sati
基金granted by China State Mineral Resources Investigation Program (Grant No.12120114013701 and 1212011120608)
文摘The Pulang porphyry copper deposit,located in the Gezan tectonic-magmatic arc and south of the Yidun island arc,southwest of Sanjiang metallogenic belt in Yunnan province,is a super-large porphyry copper deposit.
文摘On March 16,the commissioning ceremony of the Pulang Copper Mine phase I mining and dressing project was held as scheduled.The Pulang Copper Mine,located in the 3,500-meter altitude snowy plateau of Shangri-la
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No 2006AA06Z113)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40772197)
文摘The Pulang （普朗） porphyry copper deposit, located in the southern segment of the Yidun-Zhongdian （义敦-中甸） island arc ore-forming belt of the Tethys-Himalaya ore-forming domain, is a recently discovered large copper deposit. Compared with the composition of granodiorite in China, the porphyry rocks in this area are enriched in W, Mo, Cu, Au, As, Sb, F, V, and Na2O （K1≥1.2）. Compared with the composition of fresh porphyry rocks in this district, the mineralized rocks are enriched in Cu, Au, Ag, Mo, Pb, Zn, W, As, Sb, and K2O （K2≥1.2）. Some elements show clear anomalies, such as Zn, Ag, Cu, Au, W, and Mo, and can be regarded as pathfinders for prospecting new ore bodies in depth. It has been inferred from factor analysis that the Pulang porphyry copper deposit may have undergone the multiple stages of alteration and mineralization： （a） Cu-Au mineralization; （b） W-Mo mineralization; and （c） silicification and potassic metasomatism in the whole ore-forming process. A detailed zonation sequence of indicator elements is obtained using the variability index of indicator elements as follows： Zn→Ag→Cu→Au→W→Mo. According to this zonation, an index such as （Ag＊Zn）D/（Mo×W）D can be constructed and regarded as a significant criterion for predicting the Cu potential at a particular depth.
