目的调查哮喘儿童心理和行为特点,为临床心理行为干预治疗提供参考依据。方法采用Achen-bach儿童行为评定量表（Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）和慢性病儿童应对方式量表（Cop ingW ith a D is-ease,COD I）对143例在重庆...目的调查哮喘儿童心理和行为特点,为临床心理行为干预治疗提供参考依据。方法采用Achen-bach儿童行为评定量表（Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）和慢性病儿童应对方式量表（Cop ingW ith a D is-ease,COD I）对143例在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院哮喘中心确诊并系统管理的8~16岁哮喘儿童行为问题和应对方式进行测试,同时采用一般情况调查表对其社会心理行为因素进行了调查。结果哮喘儿童行为异常率为33.57%,显著高于全国常模（12.97%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。主要表现为社交退缩倾向、社交能力降低、人际交往不良、强迫性、焦虑、过分依赖等。患儿年龄、家庭结构、教养方式不同,其行为问题和应对方式也不完全相同。结论哮喘儿童在社会交往能力方面存在缺陷,应对方式不成熟,行为问题发生率较高。医护人员应有针对性地进行心理疏导和治疗,以预防和矫治不良行为,提高心理应对能力,培养良好性格,促进哮喘儿童身心健康发展。展开更多
Over the course of the past 35 years,assisted reproductive technologies(ARTs)have been increasingly used worldwide,while debates on their safety have been generated.Birth defects and imprinting disorders were reported...Over the course of the past 35 years,assisted reproductive technologies(ARTs)have been increasingly used worldwide,while debates on their safety have been generated.Birth defects and imprinting disorders were reported in previous research.Thus,the psychological development of children born following ARTs has become a major concern nowadays.This review gives a systematic view of psychological well-being of children conceived by different types of ART,including in vitro fertilization,intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI),preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening,and in vitro maturation.The previous studies are analyzed in three sections:(1)cognitive,motor,and language developments,(2)behavior problems and socio-emotional development,and(3)parent-child relationship.We conclude that although the majority of the studies on cognitive,motor,and language developments reported comparable achievements in the ART group vs.the naturally conceived group,lower intelligence quotient(IQ)scores,worse visual-motor ability or locomotor development,and delayed receptive language competence were found in the ART group.The results on the socio-emotional development were reassuring.As for the behavior problems,a higher prevalence of behavior problems existed in ART children;moreover,ICSI children were found to be at a higher risk of autism than the general population.Meanwhile,ART parents tended to have positive parental attitudes and be more protective of their children.Some suggestions for further research are also given in this review.展开更多
文摘目的调查哮喘儿童心理和行为特点,为临床心理行为干预治疗提供参考依据。方法采用Achen-bach儿童行为评定量表（Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL）和慢性病儿童应对方式量表（Cop ingW ith a D is-ease,COD I）对143例在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院哮喘中心确诊并系统管理的8~16岁哮喘儿童行为问题和应对方式进行测试,同时采用一般情况调查表对其社会心理行为因素进行了调查。结果哮喘儿童行为异常率为33.57%,显著高于全国常模（12.97%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。主要表现为社交退缩倾向、社交能力降低、人际交往不良、强迫性、焦虑、过分依赖等。患儿年龄、家庭结构、教养方式不同,其行为问题和应对方式也不完全相同。结论哮喘儿童在社会交往能力方面存在缺陷,应对方式不成熟,行为问题发生率较高。医护人员应有针对性地进行心理疏导和治疗,以预防和矫治不良行为,提高心理应对能力,培养良好性格,促进哮喘儿童身心健康发展。
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program(973)of China(No.2012CB944901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81070532 and 81070541)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.Y2100822 andLZ13H040001)
文摘Over the course of the past 35 years,assisted reproductive technologies(ARTs)have been increasingly used worldwide,while debates on their safety have been generated.Birth defects and imprinting disorders were reported in previous research.Thus,the psychological development of children born following ARTs has become a major concern nowadays.This review gives a systematic view of psychological well-being of children conceived by different types of ART,including in vitro fertilization,intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI),preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening,and in vitro maturation.The previous studies are analyzed in three sections:(1)cognitive,motor,and language developments,(2)behavior problems and socio-emotional development,and(3)parent-child relationship.We conclude that although the majority of the studies on cognitive,motor,and language developments reported comparable achievements in the ART group vs.the naturally conceived group,lower intelligence quotient(IQ)scores,worse visual-motor ability or locomotor development,and delayed receptive language competence were found in the ART group.The results on the socio-emotional development were reassuring.As for the behavior problems,a higher prevalence of behavior problems existed in ART children;moreover,ICSI children were found to be at a higher risk of autism than the general population.Meanwhile,ART parents tended to have positive parental attitudes and be more protective of their children.Some suggestions for further research are also given in this review.
