The Kirsten rat sarcoma virus—son of sevenless 1(KRAS-SOS1)axis drives tumor growth preferentially in pancreatic,colon,and lung cancer.Now,KRAS G12C mutated tumors can be successfully treated with inhibitors that cov...The Kirsten rat sarcoma virus—son of sevenless 1(KRAS-SOS1)axis drives tumor growth preferentially in pancreatic,colon,and lung cancer.Now,KRAS G12C mutated tumors can be successfully treated with inhibitors that covalently block the cysteine of the switch II binding pocket of KRAS.However,the range of other KRAS mutations is not amenable to treatment and the G12C-directed agents Sotorasib and Adragrasib show a response rate of only approximately 40%,lasting for a mean period of 8 months.One approach to increase the efficacy of inhibitors is their inclusion into proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs),which degrade the proteins of interest and exhibit much higher antitumor activity through multiple cycles of activity.Accordingly,PROTACs have been developed based on KRAS-or SOS1-directed inhibitors coupled to either von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)or Cereblon(CRBN)ligands that invoke the proteasomal degradation.Several of these PROTACs show increased activity in vitro and in vivo compared to their cognate inhibitors but their toxicity in normal tissues is not clear.The CRBN PROTACs containing thalidomide derivatives cannot be tested in experimental animals.Resistance to such PROTACS arises through downregulation or inactivation of CRBN or factors of the functional VHL E3 ubiquitin ligase.Although highly active KRAS and SOS1 PROTACs have been formulated their clinical application remains difficult.展开更多
靶向蛋白降解(targeted protein degradation,TPD)技术可通过机体自身的蛋白清理系统(包括泛素蛋白酶体系统和溶酶体降解系统)去除致病靶蛋白,因而比传统的小分子抑制剂拥有更为广阔的应用领域。作为近年来制药行业内正快速发展的一个方...靶向蛋白降解(targeted protein degradation,TPD)技术可通过机体自身的蛋白清理系统(包括泛素蛋白酶体系统和溶酶体降解系统)去除致病靶蛋白,因而比传统的小分子抑制剂拥有更为广阔的应用领域。作为近年来制药行业内正快速发展的一个方向,TPD领域已开发出分子胶水、蛋白水解靶向嵌合体、溶酶体靶向嵌合体系统、自噬靶向嵌合体、自噬连接化合物等技术。目前全球已有30余种TPD药物进入临床试验阶段。该文聚焦于目前研究较为充分或进展较快的5种TPD创新技术,从基本概念、作用原理、技术特点、药物研发进展等角度综述了该领域的研究进展,以期为TPD药物的研发工作提供参考。展开更多
靶向蛋白降解(targeted protein degradation,TPD)是一项具有前景的蛋白质稳态调控技术。在过去的二十年中,各种通过细胞内机制来降解具有挑战性的可溶性蛋白的技术得到了迅速发展,其中最具代表性的是基于泛素化-蛋白酶体系统的蛋白水...靶向蛋白降解(targeted protein degradation,TPD)是一项具有前景的蛋白质稳态调控技术。在过去的二十年中,各种通过细胞内机制来降解具有挑战性的可溶性蛋白的技术得到了迅速发展,其中最具代表性的是基于泛素化-蛋白酶体系统的蛋白水解靶向嵌合体(proteolysis-targeting chimera,PROTAC)技术。尽管以PROTAC为代表的TPD展现出广阔的治疗潜力,但这些TPD技术大多无法作用于在蛋白质组中同样重要的胞外蛋白及膜蛋白。随着近几年对蛋白降解途径的进一步拓展与应用,对于胞外蛋白及膜蛋白的干预技术不断涌现。本文作者将对目前已报道的膜蛋白及胞外蛋白靶向降解策略的作用机制和特点进行综述,并介绍几类新兴技术的研究进展、优势和不足,以期为膜蛋白稳态调控策略的进一步发展提供参考。展开更多
文摘The Kirsten rat sarcoma virus—son of sevenless 1(KRAS-SOS1)axis drives tumor growth preferentially in pancreatic,colon,and lung cancer.Now,KRAS G12C mutated tumors can be successfully treated with inhibitors that covalently block the cysteine of the switch II binding pocket of KRAS.However,the range of other KRAS mutations is not amenable to treatment and the G12C-directed agents Sotorasib and Adragrasib show a response rate of only approximately 40%,lasting for a mean period of 8 months.One approach to increase the efficacy of inhibitors is their inclusion into proteolysis-targeting chimeras(PROTACs),which degrade the proteins of interest and exhibit much higher antitumor activity through multiple cycles of activity.Accordingly,PROTACs have been developed based on KRAS-or SOS1-directed inhibitors coupled to either von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)or Cereblon(CRBN)ligands that invoke the proteasomal degradation.Several of these PROTACs show increased activity in vitro and in vivo compared to their cognate inhibitors but their toxicity in normal tissues is not clear.The CRBN PROTACs containing thalidomide derivatives cannot be tested in experimental animals.Resistance to such PROTACS arises through downregulation or inactivation of CRBN or factors of the functional VHL E3 ubiquitin ligase.Although highly active KRAS and SOS1 PROTACs have been formulated their clinical application remains difficult.
文摘靶向蛋白降解(targeted protein degradation,TPD)技术可通过机体自身的蛋白清理系统(包括泛素蛋白酶体系统和溶酶体降解系统)去除致病靶蛋白,因而比传统的小分子抑制剂拥有更为广阔的应用领域。作为近年来制药行业内正快速发展的一个方向,TPD领域已开发出分子胶水、蛋白水解靶向嵌合体、溶酶体靶向嵌合体系统、自噬靶向嵌合体、自噬连接化合物等技术。目前全球已有30余种TPD药物进入临床试验阶段。该文聚焦于目前研究较为充分或进展较快的5种TPD创新技术,从基本概念、作用原理、技术特点、药物研发进展等角度综述了该领域的研究进展,以期为TPD药物的研发工作提供参考。
文摘靶向蛋白降解(targeted protein degradation,TPD)是一项具有前景的蛋白质稳态调控技术。在过去的二十年中,各种通过细胞内机制来降解具有挑战性的可溶性蛋白的技术得到了迅速发展,其中最具代表性的是基于泛素化-蛋白酶体系统的蛋白水解靶向嵌合体(proteolysis-targeting chimera,PROTAC)技术。尽管以PROTAC为代表的TPD展现出广阔的治疗潜力,但这些TPD技术大多无法作用于在蛋白质组中同样重要的胞外蛋白及膜蛋白。随着近几年对蛋白降解途径的进一步拓展与应用,对于胞外蛋白及膜蛋白的干预技术不断涌现。本文作者将对目前已报道的膜蛋白及胞外蛋白靶向降解策略的作用机制和特点进行综述,并介绍几类新兴技术的研究进展、优势和不足,以期为膜蛋白稳态调控策略的进一步发展提供参考。
