Objective: To study the prevalence of chondromalacia patella among college students and the correlation with sports injury. Methods: 354 students from gymnastic department and 429 from nongymnastic department with kne...Objective: To study the prevalence of chondromalacia patella among college students and the correlation with sports injury. Methods: 354 students from gymnastic department and 429 from nongymnastic department with knee joint pain were selected. 184 students from gymnastic department and 342 from nongymnastic department were checked randomly by a surgeon. 77 patients (37 males, 40 females) from gymnastic department and 119 patients (62 males, 57 females) from nongymnastic department were diagnosed as chondromalacia patellae. The amount of exercise and the occurrence of sports injury were investigated in each student. All data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 statistical software. Results: The prevalence of chondromalacia patella was 20.1% in female students and 11.6% in male students from gymnastic department, and 5.61% in female students and 4.92% in male students from nongymnastic department. The amount of exercise and the occurrence of sports injury to the knee joint in students from gymnastic department were greater than those from nongymnastic department. Conclusions: In both female and male students, the prevalence of chondromalacia patella is higher in gymnastic department than nongymnastic department. Sports injury is an important cause of chondromalacia patella.展开更多
目的了解海南地区结核分枝杆菌不同基因型流行特征,探讨基因分型用于评价本地区结核病控制中的应用价值。方法本研究选取海南医学院第二附属医院自2013—2016年所有培养阳性结核分枝杆菌484株,采用SNP和Gao等推荐的12位点可变数目串联...目的了解海南地区结核分枝杆菌不同基因型流行特征,探讨基因分型用于评价本地区结核病控制中的应用价值。方法本研究选取海南医学院第二附属医院自2013—2016年所有培养阳性结核分枝杆菌484株,采用SNP和Gao等推荐的12位点可变数目串联重复序列(variable number tandem repeat,VNTR)进行基因分型。结果 2013—2016年期间,484株结核分枝杆菌菌株中,北京基因型菌株279株,占57.6%,非北京基因型菌株205株,占42.4%,北京基因型菌株中包括91株(32.6%)古代北京基因型和188株(67.4%)现代北京基因型。北京基因型所占比例在四年间无显著变化,从2013年的59.6%到2016年的57.6%。采用3个高变VNTR位点基因分型后,成簇菌株数为0。结论海南地区结核分枝杆菌存在明显的VNTR基因多态性,主要流行株仍以北京基因型为主,北京基因型所占比例在四年期间无显著性变化,且菌株成簇率较低,提示近期传播率低。展开更多
Objective To define the prevalence, severity and risk factors for lead poisoning in new immigrant children from the mainland of China to Hong Kong, China.Methods New immigrant children from the mainland of China und...Objective To define the prevalence, severity and risk factors for lead poisoning in new immigrant children from the mainland of China to Hong Kong, China.Methods New immigrant children from the mainland of China under 18 years of age were invited to join the study. Their growth parameters and venous blood lead levels (BLL) were measured within 7 days of arrival. Those with elevated BLL i.e. 】10?μg/dl (0.48?μmol/L) were assessed for signs, symptoms and risk factors of lead poisoning. Education on the prevention of lead poisoning and follow up BLL measurements were offered until their BLL normalized.Results Four hundred and fifty-seven children were recruited. Among them, 18.1% and 2.6% had BLL 】0.48 and 0.71?μmol/L, respectively. None had BLL 】0.96?μmol/L. Possible risk factors included contaminated drinking water (19%), herb ingestion (17.5%), pica, playing in dumping grounds, residing near paint factories or highways, habitual inhalation of car exhaust and cooking with petroleum. Symptoms and signs included abdominal pain, headache, short stature, and learning difficulties but did not correlate with BLL. None required treatment except for counseling on the avoidance of risk factors. About 94.7% showed a reduction in BLL 2-3 months after arrival and before counseling. All had normalized BLL by 9 months except 1 who had an X-ray feature of lead line.Conclusions Lead poisoning is common in new immigrant children from the mainland of China. Environmental factors were most important while behavioral factors like regular herb ingestion might have contributed to the persistence of high BLL in the minority.展开更多
Objective:To determine the seroprevalance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)antibodies in the general population of Mazandaran province in Iran and to estimate the percentage of asymptomat...Objective:To determine the seroprevalance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)antibodies in the general population of Mazandaran province in Iran and to estimate the percentage of asymptomatic,mild,and severe infections.Methods:We chose 1588 inhabitants of Mazandaran province with cluster sampling.We measured their SARS-Co V-2 immunoglobulin M(Ig M)and immunoglobulin G(Ig G)serum levels.Demographics,risk factors,and symptoms were collected.The seroprevalence of SARS-Co V-2 was calculated by age and city and the World Health Organization(WHO)protocol and further stratified by demographic variables and risk factors.Finally,we identified the symptoms and factors related to COVID-19 with logistic regression.Results:Two hundred subjects(12.59%)were tested positive for either Ig G or Ig M.Until May 23,2020,the prevalence of COVID-19 was 15.26%(95%CI:12.97%-17.79%)based on direct standardization and WHO’s standardized age groups.Based on multivariate logistic regression,the incidence of getting an infection increased by an average of 11.6%for every 10-year increase in age(OR=1.116,95%CI:1.008-1.236,P=0.035).Furthermore,those in contact with COVID-19 patients had a 66.1%higher risk of developing the disease(OR=1.661,95%CI:1.104-2.497,P=0.015).In addition,the chance of getting SARS-Co V-2 infection was almost four times higher in people who had consulted a doctor during the pandemic than those who had not(OR=3.942,95%CI:2.813-5.524,P<0.001).Conclusions:The prevalence of COVID-19 in Mazandaran province could be higher than the officially reported statistics based on diagnostic tests and clinical cases.There seems to be more asymptomatic or mild symptom cases than what was previously reported.展开更多
文摘Objective: To study the prevalence of chondromalacia patella among college students and the correlation with sports injury. Methods: 354 students from gymnastic department and 429 from nongymnastic department with knee joint pain were selected. 184 students from gymnastic department and 342 from nongymnastic department were checked randomly by a surgeon. 77 patients (37 males, 40 females) from gymnastic department and 119 patients (62 males, 57 females) from nongymnastic department were diagnosed as chondromalacia patellae. The amount of exercise and the occurrence of sports injury were investigated in each student. All data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 statistical software. Results: The prevalence of chondromalacia patella was 20.1% in female students and 11.6% in male students from gymnastic department, and 5.61% in female students and 4.92% in male students from nongymnastic department. The amount of exercise and the occurrence of sports injury to the knee joint in students from gymnastic department were greater than those from nongymnastic department. Conclusions: In both female and male students, the prevalence of chondromalacia patella is higher in gymnastic department than nongymnastic department. Sports injury is an important cause of chondromalacia patella.
文摘目的了解海南地区结核分枝杆菌不同基因型流行特征,探讨基因分型用于评价本地区结核病控制中的应用价值。方法本研究选取海南医学院第二附属医院自2013—2016年所有培养阳性结核分枝杆菌484株,采用SNP和Gao等推荐的12位点可变数目串联重复序列(variable number tandem repeat,VNTR)进行基因分型。结果 2013—2016年期间,484株结核分枝杆菌菌株中,北京基因型菌株279株,占57.6%,非北京基因型菌株205株,占42.4%,北京基因型菌株中包括91株(32.6%)古代北京基因型和188株(67.4%)现代北京基因型。北京基因型所占比例在四年间无显著变化,从2013年的59.6%到2016年的57.6%。采用3个高变VNTR位点基因分型后,成簇菌株数为0。结论海南地区结核分枝杆菌存在明显的VNTR基因多态性,主要流行株仍以北京基因型为主,北京基因型所占比例在四年期间无显著性变化,且菌株成簇率较低,提示近期传播率低。
文摘Objective To define the prevalence, severity and risk factors for lead poisoning in new immigrant children from the mainland of China to Hong Kong, China.Methods New immigrant children from the mainland of China under 18 years of age were invited to join the study. Their growth parameters and venous blood lead levels (BLL) were measured within 7 days of arrival. Those with elevated BLL i.e. 】10?μg/dl (0.48?μmol/L) were assessed for signs, symptoms and risk factors of lead poisoning. Education on the prevention of lead poisoning and follow up BLL measurements were offered until their BLL normalized.Results Four hundred and fifty-seven children were recruited. Among them, 18.1% and 2.6% had BLL 】0.48 and 0.71?μmol/L, respectively. None had BLL 】0.96?μmol/L. Possible risk factors included contaminated drinking water (19%), herb ingestion (17.5%), pica, playing in dumping grounds, residing near paint factories or highways, habitual inhalation of car exhaust and cooking with petroleum. Symptoms and signs included abdominal pain, headache, short stature, and learning difficulties but did not correlate with BLL. None required treatment except for counseling on the avoidance of risk factors. About 94.7% showed a reduction in BLL 2-3 months after arrival and before counseling. All had normalized BLL by 9 months except 1 who had an X-ray feature of lead line.Conclusions Lead poisoning is common in new immigrant children from the mainland of China. Environmental factors were most important while behavioral factors like regular herb ingestion might have contributed to the persistence of high BLL in the minority.
文摘Objective:To determine the seroprevalance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)antibodies in the general population of Mazandaran province in Iran and to estimate the percentage of asymptomatic,mild,and severe infections.Methods:We chose 1588 inhabitants of Mazandaran province with cluster sampling.We measured their SARS-Co V-2 immunoglobulin M(Ig M)and immunoglobulin G(Ig G)serum levels.Demographics,risk factors,and symptoms were collected.The seroprevalence of SARS-Co V-2 was calculated by age and city and the World Health Organization(WHO)protocol and further stratified by demographic variables and risk factors.Finally,we identified the symptoms and factors related to COVID-19 with logistic regression.Results:Two hundred subjects(12.59%)were tested positive for either Ig G or Ig M.Until May 23,2020,the prevalence of COVID-19 was 15.26%(95%CI:12.97%-17.79%)based on direct standardization and WHO’s standardized age groups.Based on multivariate logistic regression,the incidence of getting an infection increased by an average of 11.6%for every 10-year increase in age(OR=1.116,95%CI:1.008-1.236,P=0.035).Furthermore,those in contact with COVID-19 patients had a 66.1%higher risk of developing the disease(OR=1.661,95%CI:1.104-2.497,P=0.015).In addition,the chance of getting SARS-Co V-2 infection was almost four times higher in people who had consulted a doctor during the pandemic than those who had not(OR=3.942,95%CI:2.813-5.524,P<0.001).Conclusions:The prevalence of COVID-19 in Mazandaran province could be higher than the officially reported statistics based on diagnostic tests and clinical cases.There seems to be more asymptomatic or mild symptom cases than what was previously reported.
