At present time,there is evidence from randomized controlled studies of the success of laparoscopic resection for the treatment of colon cancer with reported smaller incisions,lower morbidity rate and earlier recovery...At present time,there is evidence from randomized controlled studies of the success of laparoscopic resection for the treatment of colon cancer with reported smaller incisions,lower morbidity rate and earlier recovery compared to open surgery.Technical limitations and a steep learning curve have limited the wide application of miniinvasive surgery for rectal cancer.The present article discusses the current status of laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer.A review of the more recent retrospective,prospective and randomized controlled trial(RCT) data on laparoscopic resection of rectal cancer including the role of trans-anal endoscopic microsurgery and robotics was performed.A particular emphasis was dedicated to mid and low rectal cancers.Few prospective and RCT trials specif ically addressing laparoscopic rectal cancer resection are currently available in the literature.Improved short-term outcomes in term of lesser intraoperative blood loss,reduced analgesic requirements and a shorter hospital stay have been demonstrated.Concerns have recently been raised in the largest RCT trial of the oncological adequacy of laparoscopy in terms of increased rate of circumferential margin.This data however was not conf irmed by other prospective comparative studies.Moreover,a similar local recurrence rate has been reported in RCT and comparative series.Similar f indings of overall and disease free survival have been reported but the follow-up time period is too short in all these studies and the few RCT trials currently available do not draw any def initive conclusions.On the basis of available data in the literature,the mini-invasive approach to rectal cancer surgery has some short-term advantages and does not seem to confer any disadvantage in term of local recurrence.With respect to longterm survival,a definitive answer cannot be given at present time as the results of RCT trials focused on long-term survival currently ongoing are still to fully clarify this issue.展开更多
目的探讨中西医结合治疗直肠癌术后肠麻痹的临床效果。方法选取经切除术治疗后出现肠麻痹的直肠癌患者60例,按照完全随机法1∶1分成2组,30例对照组患者行西医常规治疗,30例研究组患者在对照组基础上加用针灸、敷脐联合自拟保留灌肠汤,比...目的探讨中西医结合治疗直肠癌术后肠麻痹的临床效果。方法选取经切除术治疗后出现肠麻痹的直肠癌患者60例,按照完全随机法1∶1分成2组,30例对照组患者行西医常规治疗,30例研究组患者在对照组基础上加用针灸、敷脐联合自拟保留灌肠汤,比较2组患者治疗后的疗效性指标与生化指标情况。结果研究组的肠鸣音、排便和排气恢复时间、腹胀消失、胃肠减压解除与留院观察时间均比对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗24 h、72 h的中医征候积分分别为(10.26±3.27)分、(0.82±0.05)分,均比对照组(13.45±1.67、1.95±0.43)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗后的K+水平(mmol/L)比对照组高(3.79±0.41 vs 3.51±0.39),TNF-α(μg/L)、CRP(mg/L)均比对照组低(1.05±0.24 vs 1.98±0.15,10.18±4.36 vs 24.36±7.23),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中西医结合治疗直肠癌术后麻痹,能够有效缓解患者病症,改善肠胃道功能,防止肠胃功能衰竭。展开更多
目的观察呼气末二氧化碳分压(P_(ET)CO_2)对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术老年患者术后认知功能影响。方法例84行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术老年患者随机分为A、B组,P_(ET)CO_2分别维持在40~45 mm Hg和35~39 mm Hg。检测血清S100β蛋白浓度、潮气量(V_T)...目的观察呼气末二氧化碳分压(P_(ET)CO_2)对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术老年患者术后认知功能影响。方法例84行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术老年患者随机分为A、B组,P_(ET)CO_2分别维持在40~45 mm Hg和35~39 mm Hg。检测血清S100β蛋白浓度、潮气量(V_T)、气道峰压(Ppeak)、动脉二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2)、动-静脉血氧含量差、脑氧摄取率,用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评估术后认知功能障碍(POCD)。结果 A组POCD发生率及术后6、24 h、72 h血清S100β蛋白浓度明显低于B组(P<0.01)。气腹后30、60 min,A组V_T、Ppeak、动-静脉血氧含量差和脑氧摄取率均低于B组,而PaCO_2高于B组(P<0.05)。结论40~45 mm Hg P_(ET)CO_2可减轻神经系统损伤,维持呼吸参数平稳,降低POCD发生率。展开更多
目的探讨围术期加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)在腹腔镜直肠癌经括约肌间切除术(intersphincteric resection,ISR)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2017年9月至2019年9月于武汉大学中南医院行ISR的86例低位直肠癌患者...目的探讨围术期加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)在腹腔镜直肠癌经括约肌间切除术(intersphincteric resection,ISR)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2017年9月至2019年9月于武汉大学中南医院行ISR的86例低位直肠癌患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法将所有患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各43例。对照组患者采用常规围术期干预,观察组患者在围术期接受ERAS综合干预。比较两组患者术后恢复情况、并发症发生率、术后生存质量及出院时患者的临床满意度。结果观察组患者首次排气时间、首次排便时间、住院天数均显著短于对照组(均P<0.05),住院费用显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者术后世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表生理、心理领域评分均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05);出院时,观察组患者的临床满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论围术期实施ERAS干预在腹腔镜辅助ISR患者中的应用效果令人满意,能显著促进患者术后康复,提高生存质量与临床满意度,值得推广应用。展开更多
文摘At present time,there is evidence from randomized controlled studies of the success of laparoscopic resection for the treatment of colon cancer with reported smaller incisions,lower morbidity rate and earlier recovery compared to open surgery.Technical limitations and a steep learning curve have limited the wide application of miniinvasive surgery for rectal cancer.The present article discusses the current status of laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer.A review of the more recent retrospective,prospective and randomized controlled trial(RCT) data on laparoscopic resection of rectal cancer including the role of trans-anal endoscopic microsurgery and robotics was performed.A particular emphasis was dedicated to mid and low rectal cancers.Few prospective and RCT trials specif ically addressing laparoscopic rectal cancer resection are currently available in the literature.Improved short-term outcomes in term of lesser intraoperative blood loss,reduced analgesic requirements and a shorter hospital stay have been demonstrated.Concerns have recently been raised in the largest RCT trial of the oncological adequacy of laparoscopy in terms of increased rate of circumferential margin.This data however was not conf irmed by other prospective comparative studies.Moreover,a similar local recurrence rate has been reported in RCT and comparative series.Similar f indings of overall and disease free survival have been reported but the follow-up time period is too short in all these studies and the few RCT trials currently available do not draw any def initive conclusions.On the basis of available data in the literature,the mini-invasive approach to rectal cancer surgery has some short-term advantages and does not seem to confer any disadvantage in term of local recurrence.With respect to longterm survival,a definitive answer cannot be given at present time as the results of RCT trials focused on long-term survival currently ongoing are still to fully clarify this issue.
文摘目的探讨中西医结合治疗直肠癌术后肠麻痹的临床效果。方法选取经切除术治疗后出现肠麻痹的直肠癌患者60例,按照完全随机法1∶1分成2组,30例对照组患者行西医常规治疗,30例研究组患者在对照组基础上加用针灸、敷脐联合自拟保留灌肠汤,比较2组患者治疗后的疗效性指标与生化指标情况。结果研究组的肠鸣音、排便和排气恢复时间、腹胀消失、胃肠减压解除与留院观察时间均比对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗24 h、72 h的中医征候积分分别为(10.26±3.27)分、(0.82±0.05)分,均比对照组(13.45±1.67、1.95±0.43)低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗后的K+水平(mmol/L)比对照组高(3.79±0.41 vs 3.51±0.39),TNF-α(μg/L)、CRP(mg/L)均比对照组低(1.05±0.24 vs 1.98±0.15,10.18±4.36 vs 24.36±7.23),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中西医结合治疗直肠癌术后麻痹,能够有效缓解患者病症,改善肠胃道功能,防止肠胃功能衰竭。
文摘目的观察呼气末二氧化碳分压(P_(ET)CO_2)对腹腔镜直肠癌根治术老年患者术后认知功能影响。方法例84行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术老年患者随机分为A、B组,P_(ET)CO_2分别维持在40~45 mm Hg和35~39 mm Hg。检测血清S100β蛋白浓度、潮气量(V_T)、气道峰压(Ppeak)、动脉二氧化碳分压(PaCO_2)、动-静脉血氧含量差、脑氧摄取率,用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评估术后认知功能障碍(POCD)。结果 A组POCD发生率及术后6、24 h、72 h血清S100β蛋白浓度明显低于B组(P<0.01)。气腹后30、60 min,A组V_T、Ppeak、动-静脉血氧含量差和脑氧摄取率均低于B组,而PaCO_2高于B组(P<0.05)。结论40~45 mm Hg P_(ET)CO_2可减轻神经系统损伤,维持呼吸参数平稳,降低POCD发生率。
文摘目的探讨围术期加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)在腹腔镜直肠癌经括约肌间切除术(intersphincteric resection,ISR)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2017年9月至2019年9月于武汉大学中南医院行ISR的86例低位直肠癌患者为研究对象,按照随机数表法将所有患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各43例。对照组患者采用常规围术期干预,观察组患者在围术期接受ERAS综合干预。比较两组患者术后恢复情况、并发症发生率、术后生存质量及出院时患者的临床满意度。结果观察组患者首次排气时间、首次排便时间、住院天数均显著短于对照组(均P<0.05),住院费用显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者术后世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表生理、心理领域评分均显著高于对照组(均P<0.05);出院时,观察组患者的临床满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论围术期实施ERAS干预在腹腔镜辅助ISR患者中的应用效果令人满意,能显著促进患者术后康复,提高生存质量与临床满意度,值得推广应用。
