Background: The practice of exclusive breastfeeding (EB) in Morocco has witnessed a worrying decline in recent decades, contrary to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) which advocates it during ...Background: The practice of exclusive breastfeeding (EB) in Morocco has witnessed a worrying decline in recent decades, contrary to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) which advocates it during the first six months as a significant public health tool. The present study aims to assess the impact of educational materials on mothers’ behaviour with regard to keeping up EB as long as six months, at least. Methods: This is a cohort study with a prospective collection of data over a period of one year, through a questionnaire-based survey of 500 women who delivered at the Souissi Maternity Hospital in Rabat. The subjects were divided into an intervention group sensitized, during the medical visit, by means of information delivered orally about breastfeeding and a booklet containing instructions on breastfeeding management and the benefits of EB, especially when extended for the first six months;and a control group attending the same operation with no awareness-rising through educational materials. To assess EB rates, the subjects had been followed for six months through telephone. Results: 372 women who delivered were followed, 194 from the intervention group and 178 from the control group. The remaining 128 women not followed were lost sight of. A higher percentage of mothers in the intervention group exclusively breastfed their babies up to the age of six months compared to the control group, 55.2% against 38.8% (p = 0.002). The main reason produced by most mothers who ceased to exclusively breastfeed their babies is milk insufficiency. Conclusion: The postnatal nutritional education strategy based on the distribution of educational materials has considerably raised the number of women who exclusively breastfed their babies until the age of six months.展开更多
Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a group of heterogeneous,multi-factorial,neurodevelopmental disorders resulting from genetic and environmental factors interplay.Infection is a significant trigger of autism,especially ...Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a group of heterogeneous,multi-factorial,neurodevelopmental disorders resulting from genetic and environmental factors interplay.Infection is a significant trigger of autism,especially during the critical developmental period.There is a strong interplay between the viral infection as a trigger and a result of ASD.We aim to highlight the mutual relationship between autism and viruses.We performed a thorough literature review and included 158 research in this review.Most of the literature agreed on the possible effects of the viral infection during the critical period of development on the risk of developing autism,especially for specific viral infections such as Rubella,Cytomegalovirus,Herpes Simplex virus,Varicella Zoster Virus,Influenza virus,Zika virus,and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.Viral infection directly infects the brain,triggers immune activation,induces epigenetic changes,and raises the risks of having a child with autism.At the same time,there is some evidence of increased risk of infection,including viral infections in children with autism,due to lots of factors.There is an increased risk of developing autism with a specific viral infection during the early developmental period and an increased risk of viral infections in children with autism.In addition,children with autism are at increased risk of infection,including viruses.Every effort should be made to prevent maternal and early-life infections and reduce the risk of autism.Immune modulation of children with autism should be considered to reduce the risk of infection.展开更多
目的探讨危重新生儿生后早期血流灌注指数(PI)的变化及意义。方法将106例新生儿按胎龄分为足月组(胎龄>37周)51例与早产组(胎龄≤37周)55例,按新生儿危重病评分表(NCIS评分)将足月组、早产组新生儿分为A组(病情稳定)和B组(病情危重)...目的探讨危重新生儿生后早期血流灌注指数(PI)的变化及意义。方法将106例新生儿按胎龄分为足月组(胎龄>37周)51例与早产组(胎龄≤37周)55例,按新生儿危重病评分表(NCIS评分)将足月组、早产组新生儿分为A组(病情稳定)和B组(病情危重)2个亚组,其中足月A组30例、足月B组21例、早产A组34例、早产B组21例。对所有入组的新生儿在出生后第1—7天用MasimoRadical-7(USA)SpO2监测仪进行PI监测,并对各组数据进行组内和组间比较。结果足月组A、B 2个亚组新生儿生后1~7 d PI值呈逐渐上升的趋势,在生后1~4 d,足月B组PI值均显著低于足月A组(P<0.05或P<0.01),在生后5~7 d足月A、B组PI值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);早产组A、B 2个亚组新生儿生后1~7 d PI值亦呈逐渐上升的趋势,在生后1~7 d,早产B组PI值均显著低于早产A组(P<0.05或P<0.01);在生后1~2 d,早产A组PI值均显著低于足月A组(P<0.01),在生后3~7 d,2组PI值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);足月B组和早产B组生后1~7 d PI值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论动态监测PI值对发现新生儿病情变化有指导作用,生后早期PI值受胎龄影响,胎龄越小PI越低。展开更多
文摘Background: The practice of exclusive breastfeeding (EB) in Morocco has witnessed a worrying decline in recent decades, contrary to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) which advocates it during the first six months as a significant public health tool. The present study aims to assess the impact of educational materials on mothers’ behaviour with regard to keeping up EB as long as six months, at least. Methods: This is a cohort study with a prospective collection of data over a period of one year, through a questionnaire-based survey of 500 women who delivered at the Souissi Maternity Hospital in Rabat. The subjects were divided into an intervention group sensitized, during the medical visit, by means of information delivered orally about breastfeeding and a booklet containing instructions on breastfeeding management and the benefits of EB, especially when extended for the first six months;and a control group attending the same operation with no awareness-rising through educational materials. To assess EB rates, the subjects had been followed for six months through telephone. Results: 372 women who delivered were followed, 194 from the intervention group and 178 from the control group. The remaining 128 women not followed were lost sight of. A higher percentage of mothers in the intervention group exclusively breastfed their babies up to the age of six months compared to the control group, 55.2% against 38.8% (p = 0.002). The main reason produced by most mothers who ceased to exclusively breastfeed their babies is milk insufficiency. Conclusion: The postnatal nutritional education strategy based on the distribution of educational materials has considerably raised the number of women who exclusively breastfed their babies until the age of six months.
文摘Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a group of heterogeneous,multi-factorial,neurodevelopmental disorders resulting from genetic and environmental factors interplay.Infection is a significant trigger of autism,especially during the critical developmental period.There is a strong interplay between the viral infection as a trigger and a result of ASD.We aim to highlight the mutual relationship between autism and viruses.We performed a thorough literature review and included 158 research in this review.Most of the literature agreed on the possible effects of the viral infection during the critical period of development on the risk of developing autism,especially for specific viral infections such as Rubella,Cytomegalovirus,Herpes Simplex virus,Varicella Zoster Virus,Influenza virus,Zika virus,and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.Viral infection directly infects the brain,triggers immune activation,induces epigenetic changes,and raises the risks of having a child with autism.At the same time,there is some evidence of increased risk of infection,including viral infections in children with autism,due to lots of factors.There is an increased risk of developing autism with a specific viral infection during the early developmental period and an increased risk of viral infections in children with autism.In addition,children with autism are at increased risk of infection,including viruses.Every effort should be made to prevent maternal and early-life infections and reduce the risk of autism.Immune modulation of children with autism should be considered to reduce the risk of infection.
文摘目的探讨危重新生儿生后早期血流灌注指数(PI)的变化及意义。方法将106例新生儿按胎龄分为足月组(胎龄>37周)51例与早产组(胎龄≤37周)55例,按新生儿危重病评分表(NCIS评分)将足月组、早产组新生儿分为A组(病情稳定)和B组(病情危重)2个亚组,其中足月A组30例、足月B组21例、早产A组34例、早产B组21例。对所有入组的新生儿在出生后第1—7天用MasimoRadical-7(USA)SpO2监测仪进行PI监测,并对各组数据进行组内和组间比较。结果足月组A、B 2个亚组新生儿生后1~7 d PI值呈逐渐上升的趋势,在生后1~4 d,足月B组PI值均显著低于足月A组(P<0.05或P<0.01),在生后5~7 d足月A、B组PI值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);早产组A、B 2个亚组新生儿生后1~7 d PI值亦呈逐渐上升的趋势,在生后1~7 d,早产B组PI值均显著低于早产A组(P<0.05或P<0.01);在生后1~2 d,早产A组PI值均显著低于足月A组(P<0.01),在生后3~7 d,2组PI值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);足月B组和早产B组生后1~7 d PI值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论动态监测PI值对发现新生儿病情变化有指导作用,生后早期PI值受胎龄影响,胎龄越小PI越低。
