Among the current technologies for post-combustion CO2 capture,amine-based chemical absorption appears to be the most technologically mature and commercially viable method.This review highlights the opportunities and ...Among the current technologies for post-combustion CO2 capture,amine-based chemical absorption appears to be the most technologically mature and commercially viable method.This review highlights the opportunities and challenges in post-combustion CO2 capture using amine-based chemical absorption technologies.In addition,this review provides current types and emerging trends for chemical solvents.The issues and performance of amine solvents are reviewed and addressed in terms of thermodynamics,kinetics,mass transfer,regeneration and solvent management.This review also looks at emerging and future trends in post-combustion CO2 capture using chemical solvents in the near to mid-term.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO2) is the largest anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG) on the planet contributing to the global warming. Currently, there are three capture technologies of trapping CO2 from the flue gas and they are pre...Carbon dioxide(CO2) is the largest anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG) on the planet contributing to the global warming. Currently, there are three capture technologies of trapping CO2 from the flue gas and they are pre-combustion, post-combustion and oxy-fuel combustion. Among these, the post-combustion is widely popular as it can be retrofitted for a short to medium term without encountering any significant technology risks or changes.Activated carbon is widely used as a universal separation medium with series of advantages compared to the first generation capture processes based on amine-based scrubbing which are inherently energy intensive. The goal of this review is to elucidate the three CO2 capture technologies with a focus on the use of activated carbon(AC) as an adsorbent for post-combustion anthropogenic CO2 flue gas capture prior to emission to atmosphere. Furthermore, this coherent review summarizes the recent ongoing research on the preparation of activated carbon from various sources to provide a profound understanding on the current progress to highlight the challenges of the CO2 mitigation efforts along with the mathematical modeling of CO2 capture. AC is widely seen as a universal adsorbent due to its unique properties such as high surface area and porous texture. Other applications of AC in the removal of contaminants from flue gas, heavy metal and organic compounds, as a catalyst and catalyst support and in the electronics and electroplating industry are also discussed in this study.展开更多
Solvent-based carbon capture is the most commercially-ready technology for economically and sustainably reaching carbon emission reduction targets in the power sector. Globally, the technology has been deployed to dea...Solvent-based carbon capture is the most commercially-ready technology for economically and sustainably reaching carbon emission reduction targets in the power sector. Globally, the technology has been deployed to deal with flue gases from large scale power plants and different carbon-intensive industries. The success of the technology is due to significant R＆D activities on the process development and decades of industrial experience on acid gas removal processes from gaseous mixtures. In this paper, current status of PCC based on chemical absorption--commercial deployment and demonstration projects, analysis of different solvents and process configurations--is reviewed. Although some successes have been recorded in developing this technology, its commercialization has been generally slow as evidenced in the cancellation of high profile projects across the world. This is partly due to the huge cost burden of the technology and unpredictable government policies. Different research directions, namely new process development involving process intensification, new solvent development and a combination of both, are discussed in this paper as possible pathways for reducing the huge cost of the technology.展开更多
Post-combustion CO_2 capture(PCC) process faces significant challenge of high regeneration energy consumption.Biphasic absorbent is a promising alternative candidate which could significantly reduce the regeneration e...Post-combustion CO_2 capture(PCC) process faces significant challenge of high regeneration energy consumption.Biphasic absorbent is a promising alternative candidate which could significantly reduce the regeneration energy consumption because only the CO_2-concentrated phase should be regenerated. In this work, aqueous solutions of triethylenetetramine(TETA) and N,N-diethylethanolamine(DEEA) are found to be efficient biphasic absorbents of CO_2. The effects of the solvent composition, total amine concentration, and temperature on the absorption behavior, as well as the effect of temperature on the desorption behavior of TETA–DEEA–H2 O system were investigated. An aqueous solution of 1 mol·L-1 TETA and 4 mol·L-1 DEEA spontaneously separates into two liquid phases after a certain amount of CO_2 is absorbed and it shows high CO_2 absorption/desorption performance.About 99.4% of the absorbed CO_2 is found in the lower phase, which corresponds to a CO_2 absorption capacity of 3.44 mol·kg-1. The appropriate absorption and desorption temperatures are found to be 30 °C and 90 °C,respectively. The thermal analysis indicates that the heat of absorption of the 1 mol·L-1 TETA and 4 mol·L-1 DEEA solution is-84.38 kJ·(mol CO_2)-1 which is 6.92 kJ·(mol CO_2)-1 less than that of aqueous MEA. The reaction heat, sensible heat, and the vaporization heat of the TETA–DEEA–H2 O system are lower than that of the aqueous MEA, while its CO_2 capacity is higher. Thus the TETA–DEEA–H2 O system is potentially a better absorbent for the post-combustion CO_2 capture process.展开更多
Membrane separation technology is a possible breakthrough in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process. This review first focuses on the requirements for C02 separation membrane, and then outlines the existing co...Membrane separation technology is a possible breakthrough in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process. This review first focuses on the requirements for C02 separation membrane, and then outlines the existing competitive materials, promising preparation methods and processes to achieve desirable CO2 selectivity and permeability. A particular emphasis is addressed on polyimides, poly （ethylene oxide）, mixed-matrix mem- brane, thermally-rearranged polymer, fixed site carrier membrane, ionic liquid membrane and electrodialysis process. The advantages and drawbacks of each of materials and methods are discussed. Research threads and methodology of CO2 separation membrane and the key issue in this area are concluded展开更多
Among the different types of CO_(2)capture technologies for post-combustion,sorption CO_(2)capture technology with carbon-based sorbents have been extensively explored with the purpose of enhancing their sorption perf...Among the different types of CO_(2)capture technologies for post-combustion,sorption CO_(2)capture technology with carbon-based sorbents have been extensively explored with the purpose of enhancing their sorption perfor-mance by doping hetero elements due to the rapid reaction kinetics and low costs.Herein,sorption capacity and selectivity for CO_(2)and N 2 on carbon-based sorbents doped with elements such as nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,and boron,are evaluated and compared using the grand canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)method,the universal force field(UFF),and transferable potentials for phase equilibria(TraPPE).The sorption capacities of N-doped porous carbons(PCs)at 50℃were 76.1%,70.7%,50.6%,and 35.7%higher than those of pure PCs,S-doped PCs,P-doped PCs,and B-doped PCs,respectively.Its sorption selectivity at 50℃was approximately 14.0,nearly twice that of pure PCs or other hetero-element-doped PCs.The N-doped PCs showed the largest sorption heat at 50℃among all the PCs,approximately 20.6 kJ·mol^(−1),which was 9.7%−25.5%higher than that of the pure PCs under post-combustion conditions.Additionally,with the product purity of 41.7 vol.%−75.9 vol.%for vacuum pressure swing sorption,and 53.4 vol.%−83.6 vol.%for temperature swing sorption,the latter is more suitable for post-combustion conditions than pressure-swing sorption.展开更多
Chemical absorption using amine-based solvents have proven to be the most studied,as well as the most reliable and efficient technology for capturing carbon dioxide(CO_(2))from exhaust gas streams and synthesis gas in...Chemical absorption using amine-based solvents have proven to be the most studied,as well as the most reliable and efficient technology for capturing carbon dioxide(CO_(2))from exhaust gas streams and synthesis gas in all combustion and industrial processes.The application of single amine-based solvents especially the very reactive monoethanolamine(MEA)is associated with a parasitic energy demand for solvent regeneration.Since regeneration energy accounts for up to threeequarters of the plant operating cost,efforts in its reduction have prompted the idea of using blended amine solvents.This review paper highlights the success achieved in blending amine solvents and the recent and future technologies aimed at increasing the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient,absorption rate,cyclic capacity and greatly minimizing both degradation and the energy for solvent regeneration.The importance of amine biodegradability(BOD)and low ecotoxicity as well as low amine volatility is also highlighted.Costs and energy penalty indices that influences the capital and operating costs of CO_(2) capture process was also highlighted.A new experimental method for simultaneously estimating amine cost,degradation rate,regeneration energy and reclaiming energy is also proposed in this review paper.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21276068,U1362112and 21376067,21476064)the National Key Technology R&D Program(2012BAC26B01)+4 种基金Innovative Research Team Development Plan of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China(IRT1238)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20130161110025)Technology Development contract(Shanyan 12-34)Innovative Research Program for Graduate Student of Hunan Province,China(CX2013B158)Key project of international®ional scientific and technological cooperation of Hunan Provincial science and technology plan(2014WK2037)
文摘Among the current technologies for post-combustion CO2 capture,amine-based chemical absorption appears to be the most technologically mature and commercially viable method.This review highlights the opportunities and challenges in post-combustion CO2 capture using amine-based chemical absorption technologies.In addition,this review provides current types and emerging trends for chemical solvents.The issues and performance of amine solvents are reviewed and addressed in terms of thermodynamics,kinetics,mass transfer,regeneration and solvent management.This review also looks at emerging and future trends in post-combustion CO2 capture using chemical solvents in the near to mid-term.
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO2) is the largest anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG) on the planet contributing to the global warming. Currently, there are three capture technologies of trapping CO2 from the flue gas and they are pre-combustion, post-combustion and oxy-fuel combustion. Among these, the post-combustion is widely popular as it can be retrofitted for a short to medium term without encountering any significant technology risks or changes.Activated carbon is widely used as a universal separation medium with series of advantages compared to the first generation capture processes based on amine-based scrubbing which are inherently energy intensive. The goal of this review is to elucidate the three CO2 capture technologies with a focus on the use of activated carbon(AC) as an adsorbent for post-combustion anthropogenic CO2 flue gas capture prior to emission to atmosphere. Furthermore, this coherent review summarizes the recent ongoing research on the preparation of activated carbon from various sources to provide a profound understanding on the current progress to highlight the challenges of the CO2 mitigation efforts along with the mathematical modeling of CO2 capture. AC is widely seen as a universal adsorbent due to its unique properties such as high surface area and porous texture. Other applications of AC in the removal of contaminants from flue gas, heavy metal and organic compounds, as a catalyst and catalyst support and in the electronics and electroplating industry are also discussed in this study.
文摘Solvent-based carbon capture is the most commercially-ready technology for economically and sustainably reaching carbon emission reduction targets in the power sector. Globally, the technology has been deployed to deal with flue gases from large scale power plants and different carbon-intensive industries. The success of the technology is due to significant R＆D activities on the process development and decades of industrial experience on acid gas removal processes from gaseous mixtures. In this paper, current status of PCC based on chemical absorption--commercial deployment and demonstration projects, analysis of different solvents and process configurations--is reviewed. Although some successes have been recorded in developing this technology, its commercialization has been generally slow as evidenced in the cancellation of high profile projects across the world. This is partly due to the huge cost burden of the technology and unpredictable government policies. Different research directions, namely new process development involving process intensification, new solvent development and a combination of both, are discussed in this paper as possible pathways for reducing the huge cost of the technology.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21606154)
文摘Post-combustion CO_2 capture(PCC) process faces significant challenge of high regeneration energy consumption.Biphasic absorbent is a promising alternative candidate which could significantly reduce the regeneration energy consumption because only the CO_2-concentrated phase should be regenerated. In this work, aqueous solutions of triethylenetetramine(TETA) and N,N-diethylethanolamine(DEEA) are found to be efficient biphasic absorbents of CO_2. The effects of the solvent composition, total amine concentration, and temperature on the absorption behavior, as well as the effect of temperature on the desorption behavior of TETA–DEEA–H2 O system were investigated. An aqueous solution of 1 mol·L-1 TETA and 4 mol·L-1 DEEA spontaneously separates into two liquid phases after a certain amount of CO_2 is absorbed and it shows high CO_2 absorption/desorption performance.About 99.4% of the absorbed CO_2 is found in the lower phase, which corresponds to a CO_2 absorption capacity of 3.44 mol·kg-1. The appropriate absorption and desorption temperatures are found to be 30 °C and 90 °C,respectively. The thermal analysis indicates that the heat of absorption of the 1 mol·L-1 TETA and 4 mol·L-1 DEEA solution is-84.38 kJ·(mol CO_2)-1 which is 6.92 kJ·(mol CO_2)-1 less than that of aqueous MEA. The reaction heat, sensible heat, and the vaporization heat of the TETA–DEEA–H2 O system are lower than that of the aqueous MEA, while its CO_2 capacity is higher. Thus the TETA–DEEA–H2 O system is potentially a better absorbent for the post-combustion CO_2 capture process.
基金Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （Grant No. 2012AA03A611）, the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China （21125628）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 21306017）, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （2013M530126） and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China （DUTI 2RC（3）43）.
文摘Membrane separation technology is a possible breakthrough in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process. This review first focuses on the requirements for C02 separation membrane, and then outlines the existing competitive materials, promising preparation methods and processes to achieve desirable CO2 selectivity and permeability. A particular emphasis is addressed on polyimides, poly （ethylene oxide）, mixed-matrix mem- brane, thermally-rearranged polymer, fixed site carrier membrane, ionic liquid membrane and electrodialysis process. The advantages and drawbacks of each of materials and methods are discussed. Research threads and methodology of CO2 separation membrane and the key issue in this area are concluded
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.:51825602)。
文摘Among the different types of CO_(2)capture technologies for post-combustion,sorption CO_(2)capture technology with carbon-based sorbents have been extensively explored with the purpose of enhancing their sorption perfor-mance by doping hetero elements due to the rapid reaction kinetics and low costs.Herein,sorption capacity and selectivity for CO_(2)and N 2 on carbon-based sorbents doped with elements such as nitrogen,sulfur,phosphorus,and boron,are evaluated and compared using the grand canonical Monte Carlo(GCMC)method,the universal force field(UFF),and transferable potentials for phase equilibria(TraPPE).The sorption capacities of N-doped porous carbons(PCs)at 50℃were 76.1%,70.7%,50.6%,and 35.7%higher than those of pure PCs,S-doped PCs,P-doped PCs,and B-doped PCs,respectively.Its sorption selectivity at 50℃was approximately 14.0,nearly twice that of pure PCs or other hetero-element-doped PCs.The N-doped PCs showed the largest sorption heat at 50℃among all the PCs,approximately 20.6 kJ·mol^(−1),which was 9.7%−25.5%higher than that of the pure PCs under post-combustion conditions.Additionally,with the product purity of 41.7 vol.%−75.9 vol.%for vacuum pressure swing sorption,and 53.4 vol.%−83.6 vol.%for temperature swing sorption,the latter is more suitable for post-combustion conditions than pressure-swing sorption.
基金The financial supports from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)to our CO_(2) Capture Research programs at the University of Regina,are gratefully acknowledgedIn addition,this publication was made possible,in parts,by NPRP grant#7-1154-2-433 from the Qatar Na tional Research Fund(a member of Qatar Foundation)+1 种基金The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the au thorsThe authors also gratefully thank Clean Energy Technologies Research Institute(CETRI)of University of Regina-CANADA,Gas Processing Centre of Qatar University-QATAR,as well as the Petroleum and Petrochemical College of Chulalongkorn University-THAILAND,for their research facility supports.
文摘Chemical absorption using amine-based solvents have proven to be the most studied,as well as the most reliable and efficient technology for capturing carbon dioxide(CO_(2))from exhaust gas streams and synthesis gas in all combustion and industrial processes.The application of single amine-based solvents especially the very reactive monoethanolamine(MEA)is associated with a parasitic energy demand for solvent regeneration.Since regeneration energy accounts for up to threeequarters of the plant operating cost,efforts in its reduction have prompted the idea of using blended amine solvents.This review paper highlights the success achieved in blending amine solvents and the recent and future technologies aimed at increasing the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient,absorption rate,cyclic capacity and greatly minimizing both degradation and the energy for solvent regeneration.The importance of amine biodegradability(BOD)and low ecotoxicity as well as low amine volatility is also highlighted.Costs and energy penalty indices that influences the capital and operating costs of CO_(2) capture process was also highlighted.A new experimental method for simultaneously estimating amine cost,degradation rate,regeneration energy and reclaiming energy is also proposed in this review paper.
