采用基于Illumina Hi Seq测序平台的高通量测序技术,对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)肠道及其养殖池塘水体、底泥中细菌种类及丰度进行了研究。测序结果显示,3个样品共获得有效序列234575条,可聚类于2812个分类操作单元(OTUs),归属于...采用基于Illumina Hi Seq测序平台的高通量测序技术,对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)肠道及其养殖池塘水体、底泥中细菌种类及丰度进行了研究。测序结果显示,3个样品共获得有效序列234575条,可聚类于2812个分类操作单元(OTUs),归属于拟穴青蟹肠道、养殖水体、池塘底泥样品的操作分类单元(OTU)个数分别为453、706和2547,其中有184个OTU均能在3个样品中检测到,在青蟹肠道和养殖水体、青蟹肠道和池塘底泥中分别检测到197和309个共有OTU。物种注释结果显示,拟穴青蟹肠道中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(39.96%)、柔膜菌门(Tenericutes)(23.09%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(16.58%);养殖水体中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(63.02%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(24.96%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(8.41%);池塘底泥中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(75.23%)、拟杆菌门(5.72%)和放线菌门(3.83%)。此外,对各样品中丰度最高的前10位OTU分析显示,不同样品中占优势地位的10种细菌在数据库(SILVA)缺乏相关已知序列,并且各样品中的优势细菌种类完全不同。实验结果表明拟穴青蟹肠道与其池塘养殖环境中菌群结构存在着密切的相关性,但肠道菌群同时具有一定的独立性,其优势细菌种类与养殖环境中优势细菌种类无关。本研究旨在为拟穴青蟹健康养殖和微生态调控提供实验依据。展开更多
A laboratory study was conducted to observe the release ofnitrogen and phosphorus from the sediments under both anaerobic andaerobic conditions. The samples used were five creek sediments and afish-pond sediment (as a...A laboratory study was conducted to observe the release ofnitrogen and phosphorus from the sediments under both anaerobic andaerobic conditions. The samples used were five creek sediments and afish-pond sediment (as a comparison) obtained from suburban Shanghai.High loads of nitrogen and phosphorus were found in the creeksediments. Total nitrogen of the sediments ranged form 1.17 to 5.95 gkg^-1; total phosphorus from 608.63 to 2 033.95 mg kg^-1. Making upmore than 90/100 of the total nitrogen, organic nitrogen was thedominant nitrogen fraction in the sediments; whereas inorganicphosphorus was the dominant phosphorus fraction, which made up morethan 85 percent of the total phosphorus. Ca-bound phosphorus fractiondominated inorganic phosphorus, which occupied more than 50/100 ofthe total.展开更多
Soil erosion and associated off-site sedimentation are threatening the sustainable use of the Three Gorges Dam. To initiate management intervention to reduce sediment yields, there is an increasing need for reliable i...Soil erosion and associated off-site sedimentation are threatening the sustainable use of the Three Gorges Dam. To initiate management intervention to reduce sediment yields, there is an increasing need for reliable information on soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region （TGRR）. The purpose of this study is to use 137Cs tracing methods to construct a sediment budget for a small agricultural catchment in the TGRR. Cores were taken from a pond and from paddy fields, for laTCs measurements. The results show that the average sedimentation rate in the pond since 1963 is 1.50 g cm-2 yr-1 and the corresponding amount of sediment deposited is 1,553 t. The surface erosion rate for the sloping cultivated lands and the sedimentation rate in the paddy fields were estimated to be 3,770 t km-2 yr-1 and 2,600 t km-2 yr^1 respectively. Based on the estimated erosion and deposition rates, and the area of each unit, the post 197o sediment budget for the catchment has been constructed. A sediment delivery ratio of 0.5 has been estimated for the past 42 years. The data indicate that the sloping cultivated lands are the primary sediment source areas, and that the paddy fields are deposition zones. The typical land use pattern （with the upper parts characterized by sloping cultivated land and the lower parts by paddy fields） plays an important role in reducing sediment yield from agricultural catchments in the TGRR. A 137Cs profile for the sediment deposited in a pond is shownto provide an effective means of estimating the land surface erosion rate in the upstream catchment.展开更多
文摘采用基于Illumina Hi Seq测序平台的高通量测序技术,对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)肠道及其养殖池塘水体、底泥中细菌种类及丰度进行了研究。测序结果显示,3个样品共获得有效序列234575条,可聚类于2812个分类操作单元(OTUs),归属于拟穴青蟹肠道、养殖水体、池塘底泥样品的操作分类单元(OTU)个数分别为453、706和2547,其中有184个OTU均能在3个样品中检测到,在青蟹肠道和养殖水体、青蟹肠道和池塘底泥中分别检测到197和309个共有OTU。物种注释结果显示,拟穴青蟹肠道中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)(39.96%)、柔膜菌门(Tenericutes)(23.09%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(16.58%);养殖水体中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(63.02%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(24.96%)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)(8.41%);池塘底泥中优势细菌种类为变形菌门(75.23%)、拟杆菌门(5.72%)和放线菌门(3.83%)。此外,对各样品中丰度最高的前10位OTU分析显示,不同样品中占优势地位的10种细菌在数据库(SILVA)缺乏相关已知序列,并且各样品中的优势细菌种类完全不同。实验结果表明拟穴青蟹肠道与其池塘养殖环境中菌群结构存在着密切的相关性,但肠道菌群同时具有一定的独立性,其优势细菌种类与养殖环境中优势细菌种类无关。本研究旨在为拟穴青蟹健康养殖和微生态调控提供实验依据。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.49831070)the ShanghaiMunicipal Education Commission.
文摘A laboratory study was conducted to observe the release ofnitrogen and phosphorus from the sediments under both anaerobic andaerobic conditions. The samples used were five creek sediments and afish-pond sediment (as a comparison) obtained from suburban Shanghai.High loads of nitrogen and phosphorus were found in the creeksediments. Total nitrogen of the sediments ranged form 1.17 to 5.95 gkg^-1; total phosphorus from 608.63 to 2 033.95 mg kg^-1. Making upmore than 90/100 of the total nitrogen, organic nitrogen was thedominant nitrogen fraction in the sediments; whereas inorganicphosphorus was the dominant phosphorus fraction, which made up morethan 85 percent of the total phosphorus. Ca-bound phosphorus fractiondominated inorganic phosphorus, which occupied more than 50/100 ofthe total.
基金funded by National Key Technology R&D Program (Grant No.2011BAD31B03)the Action Plan for West Development of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No. KZCX2-XB3-09)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.41201275,41101259,41001163)Western Light-Western Doctor of CAS
文摘Soil erosion and associated off-site sedimentation are threatening the sustainable use of the Three Gorges Dam. To initiate management intervention to reduce sediment yields, there is an increasing need for reliable information on soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region （TGRR）. The purpose of this study is to use 137Cs tracing methods to construct a sediment budget for a small agricultural catchment in the TGRR. Cores were taken from a pond and from paddy fields, for laTCs measurements. The results show that the average sedimentation rate in the pond since 1963 is 1.50 g cm-2 yr-1 and the corresponding amount of sediment deposited is 1,553 t. The surface erosion rate for the sloping cultivated lands and the sedimentation rate in the paddy fields were estimated to be 3,770 t km-2 yr-1 and 2,600 t km-2 yr^1 respectively. Based on the estimated erosion and deposition rates, and the area of each unit, the post 197o sediment budget for the catchment has been constructed. A sediment delivery ratio of 0.5 has been estimated for the past 42 years. The data indicate that the sloping cultivated lands are the primary sediment source areas, and that the paddy fields are deposition zones. The typical land use pattern （with the upper parts characterized by sloping cultivated land and the lower parts by paddy fields） plays an important role in reducing sediment yield from agricultural catchments in the TGRR. A 137Cs profile for the sediment deposited in a pond is shownto provide an effective means of estimating the land surface erosion rate in the upstream catchment.
