目的 探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopneasyndrome,OSAHS)患儿的治疗方法和疗效观察。方法 经多道睡眠监测(polysomnography,PSG)确诊的4-12岁OSAHS患儿59例:扁桃体切除和(或)经口内镜(内窥镜,下...目的 探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopneasyndrome,OSAHS)患儿的治疗方法和疗效观察。方法 经多道睡眠监测(polysomnography,PSG)确诊的4-12岁OSAHS患儿59例:扁桃体切除和(或)经口内镜(内窥镜,下同)引导下腺样体刮除54例;选择长期正压通气治疗(continue positive airway pressure,CPAP)2例;保守治疗3例。采用儿童OSAHS生活质量调查表(quality of life for children with obstructive sleep apnea 18 items,OSA-18)对患儿进行治疗前后的随访。结果 围手术期无术后出血、急性呼吸道梗阻发生。随访12-18个月,手术患儿无鼻咽闭锁、咽鼓管功能障碍、腺样体残留等并发症;OSA-18调查评分显示:治疗后76.3％(45例)的患儿生活质量总体指标,88.1％(52例)的患儿睡眠呼吸障碍,67.8％(40例)的患儿身体症状得到显著改善。长期CPAP治疗的有效治疗压力在5.6-7.8 em H2O左右。3例保守治疗者略有改善。结论 手术切除引起上气道阻塞的肥大的扁桃体和(或)腺样体是儿童OSAHS有效的治疗手段之一,纤维鼻咽镜检查、头颅侧位X线摄片有助于手术适应证的确定。经口内镜引导下腺样体刮除术具有直视下操作,视野清晰,切除彻底,可避免损伤周围重要结构的特点。展开更多
In order to characterize sleep and the cognitive patterns in patients with acute minor thalamic infarction （AMTI）, we enrolled 27 patients with AMTI and 12 mat- ched healthy individuals. Questionnaires about sleep a...In order to characterize sleep and the cognitive patterns in patients with acute minor thalamic infarction （AMTI）, we enrolled 27 patients with AMTI and 12 mat- ched healthy individuals. Questionnaires about sleep and cognition as well as polysomnography （PSG） were performed on days 14 and 90 post-stroke. Compared to heal- thy controls, in patients with AMTI, hyposomnia was more prevalent; sleep architecture was disrupted as indicated by decreased sleep efficiency, increased sleep latency, and decreased non-rapid eye movement sleep stages 2 and 3; more sleep-related breathing disorders occurred; and cog- nitive functions were worse, especially memory. While sleep apnea and long-delay memory recovered to a large extent in the patients, other sleep and cognitive function deficit often persisted. Patients with AMTI are at an increased risk for hyposomnia, sleep structure disturbance, sleep apnea, and memory deficits. Although these abnormalities improved over time, the slow and incomplete improvement suggest that early management should be considered in these patients.展开更多
文摘目的 探讨儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopneasyndrome,OSAHS)患儿的治疗方法和疗效观察。方法 经多道睡眠监测(polysomnography,PSG)确诊的4-12岁OSAHS患儿59例:扁桃体切除和(或)经口内镜(内窥镜,下同)引导下腺样体刮除54例;选择长期正压通气治疗(continue positive airway pressure,CPAP)2例;保守治疗3例。采用儿童OSAHS生活质量调查表(quality of life for children with obstructive sleep apnea 18 items,OSA-18)对患儿进行治疗前后的随访。结果 围手术期无术后出血、急性呼吸道梗阻发生。随访12-18个月,手术患儿无鼻咽闭锁、咽鼓管功能障碍、腺样体残留等并发症;OSA-18调查评分显示:治疗后76.3％(45例)的患儿生活质量总体指标,88.1％(52例)的患儿睡眠呼吸障碍,67.8％(40例)的患儿身体症状得到显著改善。长期CPAP治疗的有效治疗压力在5.6-7.8 em H2O左右。3例保守治疗者略有改善。结论 手术切除引起上气道阻塞的肥大的扁桃体和(或)腺样体是儿童OSAHS有效的治疗手段之一,纤维鼻咽镜检查、头颅侧位X线摄片有助于手术适应证的确定。经口内镜引导下腺样体刮除术具有直视下操作,视野清晰,切除彻底,可避免损伤周围重要结构的特点。
基金supported by the Health Industry Key Research Project of Tianjin Municipality,China(12KG132)the Science and Technology Plan Project of Tianjin Municipality,China(13ZCZDSY01900)
文摘In order to characterize sleep and the cognitive patterns in patients with acute minor thalamic infarction （AMTI）, we enrolled 27 patients with AMTI and 12 mat- ched healthy individuals. Questionnaires about sleep and cognition as well as polysomnography （PSG） were performed on days 14 and 90 post-stroke. Compared to heal- thy controls, in patients with AMTI, hyposomnia was more prevalent; sleep architecture was disrupted as indicated by decreased sleep efficiency, increased sleep latency, and decreased non-rapid eye movement sleep stages 2 and 3; more sleep-related breathing disorders occurred; and cog- nitive functions were worse, especially memory. While sleep apnea and long-delay memory recovered to a large extent in the patients, other sleep and cognitive function deficit often persisted. Patients with AMTI are at an increased risk for hyposomnia, sleep structure disturbance, sleep apnea, and memory deficits. Although these abnormalities improved over time, the slow and incomplete improvement suggest that early management should be considered in these patients.
