为深入了解塑料地膜研究的发展现状,本研究以2000—2019年Web of Science数据库收录的1895篇论文为数据来源,采用文献计量学方法,结合运用Excel、VOSviewer等软件对该领域发文量、主要发文国家和机构、研究主题、研究前沿等进行了统计...为深入了解塑料地膜研究的发展现状,本研究以2000—2019年Web of Science数据库收录的1895篇论文为数据来源,采用文献计量学方法,结合运用Excel、VOSviewer等软件对该领域发文量、主要发文国家和机构、研究主题、研究前沿等进行了统计分析。结果表明:该领域发文量呈上升趋势,2013年后发文量迅速增长;从国家研究实力上来看,中国、美国、意大利为发文量较高的国家;以西北农林科技大学、中国科学院、中国农业大学为主的中国研究机构在该领域发文量最高;该领域的研究方向主要包括:塑料地膜在农业上的应用(包括覆膜对农产品产量、土壤水分、温度的影响等),地膜的高分子材料分析、生物可降解地膜的研发与应用,地膜的生物降解,塑料残膜对土壤环境、生态环境的影响等方面;从研究趋势上看,鉴于农业残膜在土壤中的大量残留,未来研究热点可能会趋于塑料残膜对生态环境、土壤质量的影响,尤其是塑料残膜中增塑剂及降解后的微塑料对土壤食物链安全、生态系统和人体健康的风险值得进一步探究。研发新型生物地膜替代传统塑料地膜,并及时评估其农业应用效果、尽早大范围推广至关重要。展开更多
Solving high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning in the first week during tobacco cultivation would take much time and effort. In the present study, the growth as well as the leaf sugar and nicotine...Solving high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning in the first week during tobacco cultivation would take much time and effort. In the present study, the growth as well as the leaf sugar and nicotine contents of seedlings with or without leaf burning induced by high-temperature plastic mulching film were tested at two independent sites in 2015 and 2016 to identify the influence of leaf burning on seedling growth. The results showed that the growth of seedlings with leaf burning was improved with increased leaf area, leaf number and plant height compared to those without leaf burning, combined with an increased seedling survival rate at two sites in two years. In seedlings with leaf burning, the contents of fructose and glucose increased and peaked at 11：00 and 13：00 in the leaf and root, respectively, with an increased root nicotine content beginning at 13：00, highlighting the signalling role of sugars. Activities of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） were all increased in seedlings with leaf burning. More plant biomass was allocated to roots in seedlings with leaf burning with increased root volume compared to control seedlings, which might facilitate the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. Our findings demonstrate that high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning not inhibited but benefited seedling survival and growth, suggesting that the time and labour-consuming manual plucking of burnt leaves can be avoided during tobacco cultivation.展开更多
文摘为深入了解塑料地膜研究的发展现状,本研究以2000—2019年Web of Science数据库收录的1895篇论文为数据来源,采用文献计量学方法,结合运用Excel、VOSviewer等软件对该领域发文量、主要发文国家和机构、研究主题、研究前沿等进行了统计分析。结果表明:该领域发文量呈上升趋势,2013年后发文量迅速增长;从国家研究实力上来看,中国、美国、意大利为发文量较高的国家;以西北农林科技大学、中国科学院、中国农业大学为主的中国研究机构在该领域发文量最高;该领域的研究方向主要包括:塑料地膜在农业上的应用(包括覆膜对农产品产量、土壤水分、温度的影响等),地膜的高分子材料分析、生物可降解地膜的研发与应用,地膜的生物降解,塑料残膜对土壤环境、生态环境的影响等方面;从研究趋势上看,鉴于农业残膜在土壤中的大量残留,未来研究热点可能会趋于塑料残膜对生态环境、土壤质量的影响,尤其是塑料残膜中增塑剂及降解后的微塑料对土壤食物链安全、生态系统和人体健康的风险值得进一步探究。研发新型生物地膜替代传统塑料地膜,并及时评估其农业应用效果、尽早大范围推广至关重要。
基金supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province,China (20146015-2,20152099 and 20161097)the Special Fund for Excellent Young Talents of Guizhou Province,China (201534)the Foundation of Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science,China (GZYKS2018-02)
文摘Solving high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning in the first week during tobacco cultivation would take much time and effort. In the present study, the growth as well as the leaf sugar and nicotine contents of seedlings with or without leaf burning induced by high-temperature plastic mulching film were tested at two independent sites in 2015 and 2016 to identify the influence of leaf burning on seedling growth. The results showed that the growth of seedlings with leaf burning was improved with increased leaf area, leaf number and plant height compared to those without leaf burning, combined with an increased seedling survival rate at two sites in two years. In seedlings with leaf burning, the contents of fructose and glucose increased and peaked at 11：00 and 13：00 in the leaf and root, respectively, with an increased root nicotine content beginning at 13：00, highlighting the signalling role of sugars. Activities of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） were all increased in seedlings with leaf burning. More plant biomass was allocated to roots in seedlings with leaf burning with increased root volume compared to control seedlings, which might facilitate the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. Our findings demonstrate that high-temperature plastic mulching film-induced leaf burning not inhibited but benefited seedling survival and growth, suggesting that the time and labour-consuming manual plucking of burnt leaves can be avoided during tobacco cultivation.
