Establishment of phosphate (P) retention and release capacity of soils is essential for effective nutrient management and environmental protection. In this experiment, we studied the influence of soil properties on P ...Establishment of phosphate (P) retention and release capacity of soils is essential for effective nutrient management and environmental protection. In this experiment, we studied the influence of soil properties on P desorption and the relationship between phosphate sorption and desorption. Among the soil series, the Ghior soil had the highest percent clay (59.32%) and free iron oxide (15241 mg·kg–1) content. Along the catena of the calcareous soils, percent clay contents increased. For sorption study, the soils were equilibrated with 0.01 M CaCl2 solution containing 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg·P·L–1 solution. For desorption, three extractants namely, SO42- (0.005 M) as Na2SO4, HCO3- (0.01 M) as NaHCO3 and distilled water were used at extractant to soil ratios of 30:1, 60:1 and 100:1 (v/w). Among the sorption equations, the Langmuir equation showed better fit to the sorption data at higher P concentrations. The amount of phosphate desorbed by all the three extractants increased significantly with the increasing extractant to soil ratios. Phosphate desorption by and water molecules was highly correlated with pH, percent clay and free iron oxide content of the soil. Significant positive correlation (r > 0.64, P L). Phosphate desorption by SO42- and water molecules was also positively correlated with Freundlich constant, N (r > 0.67, P 0 (r > 0.72, P –0.77, P L). The results suggest that freshly sorbed phosphate ions (inner-sphere complex forming species) can be readily desobed by outer-sphere complex forming species like sulphate and bicarbonate ions. Water molecules also desorbed significant amount of freshly sorbed phosphate from the soil colloids.展开更多
磷素饱和度(Degree of phosphorus saturation,DPS)能够有效评估土壤磷素的流失潜能及地表水磷富营养化问题,可用于评价土壤磷素环境风险。DPS值通常由酸性草酸钱提取态磷(PQ与提取态铁铝(FemAlQ的摩尔质量比除以校正常数(Corrected con...磷素饱和度(Degree of phosphorus saturation,DPS)能够有效评估土壤磷素的流失潜能及地表水磷富营养化问题,可用于评价土壤磷素环境风险。DPS值通常由酸性草酸钱提取态磷(PQ与提取态铁铝(FemAlQ的摩尔质量比除以校正常数(Corrected constant,a)计算得到,而a是通过建立土壤饱和吸磷量与影响土壤磷吸附的土壤特征值间的相关关系而计算得到的数值;a的取值大小(常取0.5)会直接影响到DPS的准确估算。因此,本文以中国科学院红壤生态实验站(28。04,~28。37取,116°4 r^117。09馆)为依托,以长期施肥(1988-2014年)的旱地红壤为研究材料,通过两种计算方法得到了土壤的DPS值,分析了校正常数a=0.5在长期施肥的旱地红壤DPS计算中的适用性,并确定了长期施肥旱地红壤DPS计算中a的适用性阈值。研究结果表明:校正常数a=0.5虽适用于长期施肥旱地红壤DPS的估算,但易导致旱地红壤DPS的过高估算;对比计算发现,长期施肥旱地红壤DPS计算时,校正常数a的最适取值范围为0.71-0.81。但是,不同环境背景下旱地红壤DPS计算公式中校正常数a的适应性阈值仍需进一步校正与验证,从而提高红壤区土壤磷素环境风险评估的准确性。展开更多
文摘Establishment of phosphate (P) retention and release capacity of soils is essential for effective nutrient management and environmental protection. In this experiment, we studied the influence of soil properties on P desorption and the relationship between phosphate sorption and desorption. Among the soil series, the Ghior soil had the highest percent clay (59.32%) and free iron oxide (15241 mg·kg–1) content. Along the catena of the calcareous soils, percent clay contents increased. For sorption study, the soils were equilibrated with 0.01 M CaCl2 solution containing 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mg·P·L–1 solution. For desorption, three extractants namely, SO42- (0.005 M) as Na2SO4, HCO3- (0.01 M) as NaHCO3 and distilled water were used at extractant to soil ratios of 30:1, 60:1 and 100:1 (v/w). Among the sorption equations, the Langmuir equation showed better fit to the sorption data at higher P concentrations. The amount of phosphate desorbed by all the three extractants increased significantly with the increasing extractant to soil ratios. Phosphate desorption by and water molecules was highly correlated with pH, percent clay and free iron oxide content of the soil. Significant positive correlation (r > 0.64, P L). Phosphate desorption by SO42- and water molecules was also positively correlated with Freundlich constant, N (r > 0.67, P 0 (r > 0.72, P –0.77, P L). The results suggest that freshly sorbed phosphate ions (inner-sphere complex forming species) can be readily desobed by outer-sphere complex forming species like sulphate and bicarbonate ions. Water molecules also desorbed significant amount of freshly sorbed phosphate from the soil colloids.
