Introduction: Cranioencephalic trauma caused by bladed weapons is rare, and that caused by sharp objects is exceptional. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. Materia...Introduction: Cranioencephalic trauma caused by bladed weapons is rare, and that caused by sharp objects is exceptional. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. Materials and method: This was a descriptive and analytical study over a 48-month period at CHU la Renaissance from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, concerning patients admitted for penetrating cranioencephalic trauma by pointed object. Results: Twelve cases, all male, of penetrating cranioencephalic sharp-force trauma were identified. The mean age was 34 ± 7 years, with extremes of 11 and 60 years. Farmers and herders accounted for 31% and 25% of cases respectively. The average admission time was 47 hours. Brawls were the circumstances of occurrence in 81.2% of cases. Knives (33%), arrows (25%) and iron bars (16.6%) were the objects used. Altered consciousness was present in 43.8% of cases, and focal deficit in 50%. Scannographic lesions were fracture and/or embarrhment (12 cases), intra-parenchymal haematomas (6 cases) and presence of object in place (4 cases). Surgery was performed in 11 patients. Postoperative outcome was favorable in 9 patients. After 12 months, 2 patients were declared unfit. Conclusion: Penetrating head injuries caused by sharp objects are common in Chad. Urgent surgery can prevent disabling after-effects.展开更多
Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a more common form of upper limb canal syndrome, resulting from compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, but is particularly troublesome. Medical treatment is often...Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a more common form of upper limb canal syndrome, resulting from compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, but is particularly troublesome. Medical treatment is often unsuccessful, and surgical treatment usually involves transection of the annular ligament. The aim of this study was to assess iatrogenic intraoperative and postoperative complications, as well as patient outcomes following the use of conventional and endoscopic surgery in the surgical management of carpal tunnel syndrome. Hypothesis: Are nerve, vascular and tendon injuries of iatrogenic origin always present in the surgical management of carpal tunnel syndrome, even though this surgery is performed on an outpatient basis? Patients and methods: This retrospective series is composed of 1140 patients, 230 men and 910 women, mean age 58.6 ± 16.4 years, operated on between 2010 and 2020 for carpal tunnel syndrome by conventional surgery and under endoscopy. Medical records, operative reports and consultation letters were consulted. All patients were reviewed regularly at one month post-op until recovery. Results: No nerve, vascular or tendon damage was noted, and at a maximum follow-up of 2 years, 20 patients had recurred, i.e. a 2.51% failure rate. Scar disunion was observed in 0.9%, wound infection in 0.9% and scar fibrosis in 0.9%. 92.98% of patients underwent outpatient surgery, irrespective of the type of anesthesia or surgical technique used. Patients who stayed in hospital for a short time were suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome associated with compression of the ulnar nerve in Guyon’s canal, for which both the median and ulnar nerves were freed during the same operation, under general anaesthetic. All patients were able to return to their previous activity within 30 days of surgery. Conclusion: Intraoperative iatrogenic complications, notably nerve, vascular and tendon lesions, were not identified despite the large sample size. On the other hand, postoperative skin complications related to展开更多
目的对英文版患者结局评估态度问卷(outcome measures questionnaire,OMQ)进行汉化和文化调适,并对中文版问卷进行测量学检验。方法采用国际标准化的慢性病治疗功能评价(functional assessment of chronic illness therapy,FACIT)翻译...目的对英文版患者结局评估态度问卷(outcome measures questionnaire,OMQ)进行汉化和文化调适,并对中文版问卷进行测量学检验。方法采用国际标准化的慢性病治疗功能评价(functional assessment of chronic illness therapy,FACIT)翻译标准对OMQ进行汉化,通过专家咨询、医护人员认知性访谈等方法对中文版问卷进行文化调适。2018年7-9月,便利抽样法选取上海、浙江、南京等地多所三级甲等医院的医生和护士共计351名进行调查,通过调查数据分析中文版OMQ的信、效度。结果中文版OMQ问卷的"一般态度"和"反馈态度"维度的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.860和0.778,问卷整体Cronbach’sα系数为0.907;探索性因子分析共提取3个公因子,分别命名为"一般态度"、"负性态度"和"实践障碍",条目因子载荷为0.636～0.857,3个公因子能够解释总变异的63.37%;验证性因子分析结果显示3因子模型拟合较好,修正后的卡方自由度比值(χ~2/df)为2.207,比较拟合指数(comparative fit index,CFI)为0.953,渐进残差均方和平方根(root mean square error of approximation,RMSEA)为0.059。结论中文版OMQ问卷保留了原英文版问卷的22个条目,具有良好的测量学性质,可作为测量我国医护人员对于患者结局评估态度的可靠工具。展开更多
Purpose: We investigated whether the simplified intraoperative Goal-Directed Therapy (GDT) could improve the factors affecting medical costs, and contribute in standardizing intraoperative fluid management. Methods: T...Purpose: We investigated whether the simplified intraoperative Goal-Directed Therapy (GDT) could improve the factors affecting medical costs, and contribute in standardizing intraoperative fluid management. Methods: The enrolled patients underwent esophagectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy, or aortic stent grafting in 2012, and between March 2013 and October 2014. We conducted a comparison study on the effects of GDT, between the before-GDT historical control group (n = 100) and GDT group (n = 100). The hemodynamic indices used for control group patients were conventional: Blood pressure, heart rate, and urine output. For GDT group, additionally, we used stroke volume variation (SVV) and stroke volume index (SVI). The primary outcomes were the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and hospital stay (LOS). Regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting LOS. The secondary outcomes were the albumin use, the fluid amount administered, and the variation in the fluid administration rate. Results: The control and GDT groups comprised 96 and 99 patients, respectively. The patient characteristics were similar. The length of ICU stay was significantly shorter (2.1 ± 2.1 days vs. 2.8 ± 1.9 days, P = 0.0009) and LOS was shorter but without statistical significance (24.5 ± 17.7 days vs. 27.7 ± 20.1 days, P = 0.21) in the GDT group than in the control group. The fluid amount administered and the presence/ absence of albumin use were factors affecting LOS. The variation of the fluid administration rate was significantly lower in the GDT group. Conclusion: The simplified GDT may contribute to the improvement of medical economics and standardize the fluid management.展开更多
目的:评价入院时Ranson、急性生理学和长期健康评价Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)、Balthazar CT以及胰腺炎结局预测(pancreatitis outcome prediction,POP)评分系统对重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pa...目的:评价入院时Ranson、急性生理学和长期健康评价Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)、Balthazar CT以及胰腺炎结局预测(pancreatitis outcome prediction,POP)评分系统对重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)患者的预后评估价值。方法:回顾性研究了2004年1月～2007年8月在四川大学华西医院住院的253例SAP患者,计算患者入院时Ranson、APACHEⅡ、Balthazar CT和POP的评分分值。观察死亡、胰腺局部并发症、中转手术和多器官功能障碍综合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS)发生等4项结局指标。将所有患者的4项评分绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线,通过计算曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)来比较各评分系统在判断SAP病情严重度和预后上的敏感性、特异性、Youden指数和阳性似然比(likelihood ratio of positivetest,LRPT)。结果:ROC曲线分析显示Ranson评分可用于预测死亡、中转手术及MODS发生(P=0.00),其诊断阈值均为5。APACHEⅡ评分可以预测胰腺局部并发症以外其他结局指标的发生(P=0.00),APACHEⅡ评分对死亡、中转手术、MODS发生的诊断阈值依次为14、10、12。BalthazarCT评分可预测各项结局指标的发生,诊断阈值均为6。POP评分可预测胰腺局部并发症以外的各项结局指标,其对死亡的预测价值尤为突出,当POP评分≥14时,其预测死亡的敏感性为0.90,特异性为0.92。POP评分对死亡、中转手术、MODS发生的诊断阈值依次为14、8、10。结论:4项评分系统预测能力各有侧重。Ranson、APACHEⅡ和POP评分可以用于疾病的严重程度及全身并发症的预测,对局部并发症的预测效果不佳。POP评分对病死率的预测效果较好;Balthazar CT评分能预测胰腺局部并发症和中转手术的发生及其他结局指标的发生,但敏感性和特异性不高。展开更多
目的：探索能反映中风病急性期中医药综合干预特色和优势的临床疗效评价指标体系。方法：采用多中心随机单盲对照试验，将纳入的急性高血压性脑出血患者随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组采用常规西医治疗及中医辨证疗法，对照组采用常规...目的：探索能反映中风病急性期中医药综合干预特色和优势的临床疗效评价指标体系。方法：采用多中心随机单盲对照试验，将纳入的急性高血压性脑出血患者随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组采用常规西医治疗及中医辨证疗法，对照组采用常规西医疗法及中药安慰剂进行干预。在入组治疗后第7、14、21、28天以及随访3个月后的5个时点分别进行指标评定。指标有中医证候指标（简称ZH）、格拉斯哥昏迷评定（Glasgow coma standard，GCS）、神经功能缺损评分（nerve functional failure，NF）、生活能力状态（activity of daily living，ADL）、日常生活活动量表（Barther index，BI）、生存质量（quality of life index，QLI）和社会功能活动问卷（functional activities questionnaire，FAQ）。结果：共纳入404例患者，试验组199例，其中阳类证178例，阴类证21例，对照组205例，其中阳类证165例，阴类证40例。治疗3个月后，试验组愈显率（基本痊愈＋显著进步）为86．5％，对照组为73．6％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。指标的反应度表明GCS评分对病人的敏感性从第7天开始升高，至第14天、21天对全部病人敏感。NF的反应度在第14天、21天、28天对全部病人的敏感性较高。BI指数评分在第21天对轻度、中度病人敏感，随访3个月后对轻度病人敏感。QLI评分在第21天对轻度、中度病人及随访3个月后的轻度病人敏感。FAQ评分在第21天、随访3个月后对轻度病人敏感。ADL评分在第28天对所有病人及随访3个月后的轻度病人敏感。在第0～7天、14天、28天，ZH评分对全部病人的反应度均较好。主成分分析显示上述7个指标在发病时（第0～7天）、第21天及随访3个月后都能较好地反映中风病人的病情并评价出血中风病人的疗效，其中ZH评分和FAQ评分在第28天的贡献度更大。结论：对于出血中�展开更多
背景腰椎管狭窄症(LSS)是导致严重疼痛和残疾的主要原因,手术干预LSS的长期预后尚有争议,且再手术率高。2002年,美国开展了一项近10年的多中心脊柱患者实效研究试验(SPORT),针对腰椎间盘突出症、LSS、退行性腰椎滑脱提供了有关手术是否...背景腰椎管狭窄症(LSS)是导致严重疼痛和残疾的主要原因,手术干预LSS的长期预后尚有争议,且再手术率高。2002年,美国开展了一项近10年的多中心脊柱患者实效研究试验(SPORT),针对腰椎间盘突出症、LSS、退行性腰椎滑脱提供了有关手术是否适合的证据,比较分析手术和保守治疗(非手术疗法)的临床疗效、成本效益、预后因素。目的总结SPORT有关LSS的研究结果,为中医药干预LSS提供思路和方法。方法计算机检索PubMed,EMBase,The Cochrane Library,Web of Science数据库,检索时间为从建库至2020-06-25。纳入SPORT关于手术与非手术干预LSS或包含LSS亚组分析的研究并对其进行资料提取和数据合并。随机对照试验的方法学质量采用Cochrane协作网“偏倚风险”评价工具进行评价,队列研究或亚组分析采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华(NOS)量表进行评价。结果共纳入16项SPORT系列研究,在4年随访中手术疗法干预LSS的疗效优于非手术疗法(P<0.05);而8年随访中手术疗法与非手术疗法的疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术疗法的总费用是非手术疗法的2倍以上。基线Oswestry残疾指数(ODI)评分>56分、高龄患者以及病程>1年是手术疗法干预LSS的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论手术疗法在4年内可以明显改善LSS患者症状,但在远期疗效方面手术疗法与非手术疗法并无明显差别。中医药作为非手术疗法的重要组成部分,可以参考SPORT系列实效研究的方法学,建立起一套符合中医临床实践特点的临床研究范式。展开更多
文摘Introduction: Cranioencephalic trauma caused by bladed weapons is rare, and that caused by sharp objects is exceptional. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. Materials and method: This was a descriptive and analytical study over a 48-month period at CHU la Renaissance from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021, concerning patients admitted for penetrating cranioencephalic trauma by pointed object. Results: Twelve cases, all male, of penetrating cranioencephalic sharp-force trauma were identified. The mean age was 34 ± 7 years, with extremes of 11 and 60 years. Farmers and herders accounted for 31% and 25% of cases respectively. The average admission time was 47 hours. Brawls were the circumstances of occurrence in 81.2% of cases. Knives (33%), arrows (25%) and iron bars (16.6%) were the objects used. Altered consciousness was present in 43.8% of cases, and focal deficit in 50%. Scannographic lesions were fracture and/or embarrhment (12 cases), intra-parenchymal haematomas (6 cases) and presence of object in place (4 cases). Surgery was performed in 11 patients. Postoperative outcome was favorable in 9 patients. After 12 months, 2 patients were declared unfit. Conclusion: Penetrating head injuries caused by sharp objects are common in Chad. Urgent surgery can prevent disabling after-effects.
文摘Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome is a more common form of upper limb canal syndrome, resulting from compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel, but is particularly troublesome. Medical treatment is often unsuccessful, and surgical treatment usually involves transection of the annular ligament. The aim of this study was to assess iatrogenic intraoperative and postoperative complications, as well as patient outcomes following the use of conventional and endoscopic surgery in the surgical management of carpal tunnel syndrome. Hypothesis: Are nerve, vascular and tendon injuries of iatrogenic origin always present in the surgical management of carpal tunnel syndrome, even though this surgery is performed on an outpatient basis? Patients and methods: This retrospective series is composed of 1140 patients, 230 men and 910 women, mean age 58.6 ± 16.4 years, operated on between 2010 and 2020 for carpal tunnel syndrome by conventional surgery and under endoscopy. Medical records, operative reports and consultation letters were consulted. All patients were reviewed regularly at one month post-op until recovery. Results: No nerve, vascular or tendon damage was noted, and at a maximum follow-up of 2 years, 20 patients had recurred, i.e. a 2.51% failure rate. Scar disunion was observed in 0.9%, wound infection in 0.9% and scar fibrosis in 0.9%. 92.98% of patients underwent outpatient surgery, irrespective of the type of anesthesia or surgical technique used. Patients who stayed in hospital for a short time were suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome associated with compression of the ulnar nerve in Guyon’s canal, for which both the median and ulnar nerves were freed during the same operation, under general anaesthetic. All patients were able to return to their previous activity within 30 days of surgery. Conclusion: Intraoperative iatrogenic complications, notably nerve, vascular and tendon lesions, were not identified despite the large sample size. On the other hand, postoperative skin complications related to
文摘目的对英文版患者结局评估态度问卷(outcome measures questionnaire,OMQ)进行汉化和文化调适,并对中文版问卷进行测量学检验。方法采用国际标准化的慢性病治疗功能评价(functional assessment of chronic illness therapy,FACIT)翻译标准对OMQ进行汉化,通过专家咨询、医护人员认知性访谈等方法对中文版问卷进行文化调适。2018年7-9月,便利抽样法选取上海、浙江、南京等地多所三级甲等医院的医生和护士共计351名进行调查,通过调查数据分析中文版OMQ的信、效度。结果中文版OMQ问卷的"一般态度"和"反馈态度"维度的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.860和0.778,问卷整体Cronbach’sα系数为0.907;探索性因子分析共提取3个公因子,分别命名为"一般态度"、"负性态度"和"实践障碍",条目因子载荷为0.636～0.857,3个公因子能够解释总变异的63.37%;验证性因子分析结果显示3因子模型拟合较好,修正后的卡方自由度比值(χ~2/df)为2.207,比较拟合指数(comparative fit index,CFI)为0.953,渐进残差均方和平方根(root mean square error of approximation,RMSEA)为0.059。结论中文版OMQ问卷保留了原英文版问卷的22个条目,具有良好的测量学性质,可作为测量我国医护人员对于患者结局评估态度的可靠工具。
文摘Purpose: We investigated whether the simplified intraoperative Goal-Directed Therapy (GDT) could improve the factors affecting medical costs, and contribute in standardizing intraoperative fluid management. Methods: The enrolled patients underwent esophagectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy, or aortic stent grafting in 2012, and between March 2013 and October 2014. We conducted a comparison study on the effects of GDT, between the before-GDT historical control group (n = 100) and GDT group (n = 100). The hemodynamic indices used for control group patients were conventional: Blood pressure, heart rate, and urine output. For GDT group, additionally, we used stroke volume variation (SVV) and stroke volume index (SVI). The primary outcomes were the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and hospital stay (LOS). Regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting LOS. The secondary outcomes were the albumin use, the fluid amount administered, and the variation in the fluid administration rate. Results: The control and GDT groups comprised 96 and 99 patients, respectively. The patient characteristics were similar. The length of ICU stay was significantly shorter (2.1 ± 2.1 days vs. 2.8 ± 1.9 days, P = 0.0009) and LOS was shorter but without statistical significance (24.5 ± 17.7 days vs. 27.7 ± 20.1 days, P = 0.21) in the GDT group than in the control group. The fluid amount administered and the presence/ absence of albumin use were factors affecting LOS. The variation of the fluid administration rate was significantly lower in the GDT group. Conclusion: The simplified GDT may contribute to the improvement of medical economics and standardize the fluid management.
文摘目的:评价入院时Ranson、急性生理学和长期健康评价Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)、Balthazar CT以及胰腺炎结局预测(pancreatitis outcome prediction,POP)评分系统对重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)患者的预后评估价值。方法:回顾性研究了2004年1月～2007年8月在四川大学华西医院住院的253例SAP患者,计算患者入院时Ranson、APACHEⅡ、Balthazar CT和POP的评分分值。观察死亡、胰腺局部并发症、中转手术和多器官功能障碍综合征(multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,MODS)发生等4项结局指标。将所有患者的4项评分绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线,通过计算曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)来比较各评分系统在判断SAP病情严重度和预后上的敏感性、特异性、Youden指数和阳性似然比(likelihood ratio of positivetest,LRPT)。结果:ROC曲线分析显示Ranson评分可用于预测死亡、中转手术及MODS发生(P=0.00),其诊断阈值均为5。APACHEⅡ评分可以预测胰腺局部并发症以外其他结局指标的发生(P=0.00),APACHEⅡ评分对死亡、中转手术、MODS发生的诊断阈值依次为14、10、12。BalthazarCT评分可预测各项结局指标的发生,诊断阈值均为6。POP评分可预测胰腺局部并发症以外的各项结局指标,其对死亡的预测价值尤为突出,当POP评分≥14时,其预测死亡的敏感性为0.90,特异性为0.92。POP评分对死亡、中转手术、MODS发生的诊断阈值依次为14、8、10。结论:4项评分系统预测能力各有侧重。Ranson、APACHEⅡ和POP评分可以用于疾病的严重程度及全身并发症的预测,对局部并发症的预测效果不佳。POP评分对病死率的预测效果较好;Balthazar CT评分能预测胰腺局部并发症和中转手术的发生及其他结局指标的发生,但敏感性和特异性不高。
文摘目的：探索能反映中风病急性期中医药综合干预特色和优势的临床疗效评价指标体系。方法：采用多中心随机单盲对照试验，将纳入的急性高血压性脑出血患者随机分为试验组和对照组，试验组采用常规西医治疗及中医辨证疗法，对照组采用常规西医疗法及中药安慰剂进行干预。在入组治疗后第7、14、21、28天以及随访3个月后的5个时点分别进行指标评定。指标有中医证候指标（简称ZH）、格拉斯哥昏迷评定（Glasgow coma standard，GCS）、神经功能缺损评分（nerve functional failure，NF）、生活能力状态（activity of daily living，ADL）、日常生活活动量表（Barther index，BI）、生存质量（quality of life index，QLI）和社会功能活动问卷（functional activities questionnaire，FAQ）。结果：共纳入404例患者，试验组199例，其中阳类证178例，阴类证21例，对照组205例，其中阳类证165例，阴类证40例。治疗3个月后，试验组愈显率（基本痊愈＋显著进步）为86．5％，对照组为73．6％，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。指标的反应度表明GCS评分对病人的敏感性从第7天开始升高，至第14天、21天对全部病人敏感。NF的反应度在第14天、21天、28天对全部病人的敏感性较高。BI指数评分在第21天对轻度、中度病人敏感，随访3个月后对轻度病人敏感。QLI评分在第21天对轻度、中度病人及随访3个月后的轻度病人敏感。FAQ评分在第21天、随访3个月后对轻度病人敏感。ADL评分在第28天对所有病人及随访3个月后的轻度病人敏感。在第0～7天、14天、28天，ZH评分对全部病人的反应度均较好。主成分分析显示上述7个指标在发病时（第0～7天）、第21天及随访3个月后都能较好地反映中风病人的病情并评价出血中风病人的疗效，其中ZH评分和FAQ评分在第28天的贡献度更大。结论：对于出血中�
文摘背景腰椎管狭窄症(LSS)是导致严重疼痛和残疾的主要原因,手术干预LSS的长期预后尚有争议,且再手术率高。2002年,美国开展了一项近10年的多中心脊柱患者实效研究试验(SPORT),针对腰椎间盘突出症、LSS、退行性腰椎滑脱提供了有关手术是否适合的证据,比较分析手术和保守治疗(非手术疗法)的临床疗效、成本效益、预后因素。目的总结SPORT有关LSS的研究结果,为中医药干预LSS提供思路和方法。方法计算机检索PubMed,EMBase,The Cochrane Library,Web of Science数据库,检索时间为从建库至2020-06-25。纳入SPORT关于手术与非手术干预LSS或包含LSS亚组分析的研究并对其进行资料提取和数据合并。随机对照试验的方法学质量采用Cochrane协作网“偏倚风险”评价工具进行评价,队列研究或亚组分析采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华(NOS)量表进行评价。结果共纳入16项SPORT系列研究,在4年随访中手术疗法干预LSS的疗效优于非手术疗法(P<0.05);而8年随访中手术疗法与非手术疗法的疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术疗法的总费用是非手术疗法的2倍以上。基线Oswestry残疾指数(ODI)评分>56分、高龄患者以及病程>1年是手术疗法干预LSS的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论手术疗法在4年内可以明显改善LSS患者症状,但在远期疗效方面手术疗法与非手术疗法并无明显差别。中医药作为非手术疗法的重要组成部分,可以参考SPORT系列实效研究的方法学,建立起一套符合中医临床实践特点的临床研究范式。
