Obligate biotrophic fungi cause serious and widespread diseases of crop plants, but are challenging to investigate because they cannot be cultured in vitro. The two economically important groups of biotrophic fungi pa...Obligate biotrophic fungi cause serious and widespread diseases of crop plants, but are challenging to investigate because they cannot be cultured in vitro. The two economically important groups of biotrophic fungi parasitizing wheat are the rust and powdery mildew pathogens, but their obligate biotrophic lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms are not well understood at the molecular level. With the advent of next generation sequencing technology, increasing numbers of pathogen genomes are becoming available. Research in plant pathology has entered a new genomics era. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of biotrophic fungal pathogens attacking wheat based on pathogen genomics. We particularly focus on the three wheat rust and the powdery mildew fungi in regard to genome sequencing, avirulence gene cloning, effector discovery, and pathogenomics. We predict that coordinated study of both wheat and its pathogens should reveal new insights in biotrophic adaptation, pathogenicity mechanisms,and population dynamics of these fungi that will assist in development of new strategies for breeding wheat varieties with durable resistance.展开更多
植物细菌性青枯病是由茄科雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al.)引起的一种世界性重大病害。作为复合种,青枯菌在与寄主长期协同进化过程中,表现出广泛的生态和寄主适应性。Fengan和Prior提出青枯菌演化型分类框架,用以描...植物细菌性青枯病是由茄科雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al.)引起的一种世界性重大病害。作为复合种,青枯菌在与寄主长期协同进化过程中,表现出广泛的生态和寄主适应性。Fengan和Prior提出青枯菌演化型分类框架,用以描述青枯菌种以下的遗传多样性。青枯菌种内表型特征差异的本质是其基因组较其它植物病原细菌更为复杂和更具可塑性。笔者对近期青枯菌遗传多样性和致病基因组学方面的研究进展进行了归纳和讨论。展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127700)National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (31371882, 31401693)the 111 Project of the Ministry of Education of China (B07049)
文摘Obligate biotrophic fungi cause serious and widespread diseases of crop plants, but are challenging to investigate because they cannot be cultured in vitro. The two economically important groups of biotrophic fungi parasitizing wheat are the rust and powdery mildew pathogens, but their obligate biotrophic lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms are not well understood at the molecular level. With the advent of next generation sequencing technology, increasing numbers of pathogen genomes are becoming available. Research in plant pathology has entered a new genomics era. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of biotrophic fungal pathogens attacking wheat based on pathogen genomics. We particularly focus on the three wheat rust and the powdery mildew fungi in regard to genome sequencing, avirulence gene cloning, effector discovery, and pathogenomics. We predict that coordinated study of both wheat and its pathogens should reveal new insights in biotrophic adaptation, pathogenicity mechanisms,and population dynamics of these fungi that will assist in development of new strategies for breeding wheat varieties with durable resistance.
文摘植物细菌性青枯病是由茄科雷尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum Yabuuchi et al.)引起的一种世界性重大病害。作为复合种,青枯菌在与寄主长期协同进化过程中,表现出广泛的生态和寄主适应性。Fengan和Prior提出青枯菌演化型分类框架,用以描述青枯菌种以下的遗传多样性。青枯菌种内表型特征差异的本质是其基因组较其它植物病原细菌更为复杂和更具可塑性。笔者对近期青枯菌遗传多样性和致病基因组学方面的研究进展进行了归纳和讨论。
