Purpose： This paper develops and validates a bibliometric framework for identifying the ＂princes＂ （PR） who wake up the ＂sleeping beauty＂ （SB） in challenge-type scientific discoveries, so as to figure out the ...Purpose： This paper develops and validates a bibliometric framework for identifying the ＂princes＂ （PR） who wake up the ＂sleeping beauty＂ （SB） in challenge-type scientific discoveries, so as to figure out the awakening mechanisms, and promote potentially valuable but not readily accepted innovative research. （A PR is a research study.） Design/methodology/approach： We propose that PR candidates must meet the following four criteria： （1） be published near the time when the SB began to attract a lot of citations; （2） be highly cited papers themselves; （3） receive a substantial number of co-citations with the SB; and （4） within the challenge-type discoveries which contradict established theories, the ＂pulling effect＂ of the PR on the SB must be strong. We test the usefulness of the bibliometric framework through a case study of a key publication by the 2014 chemistry Nobel laureate Stefan W. Hell, who negated Ernst Abbe＇s diffraction limit theory, one of the most prominent paradigms in the natural sciences. Findings： The first-ranked candidate PR article identified by the bibliometric framework is in line with historical facts. An SB may need one or more PRs and even ＂retinues＂ to be ＂awakened.＂ Documents with potential awakening functionality tend to be published in prestigious multidisciplinary journals with higher impact and wider scope than the journals publishing SBs. Research limitations： The above framework is only applicable to transformative innovations, and the conclusions are drawn from the analysis of one typical SB and her awakening process. Therefore the generality of our work might be limited. Practical implications： Publications belonging to so-called transformative research, even when less frequently cited, should be given special attention as early as possible, because they may suddenly attract many citations after a period of sleep, as reflected in our case study.Originality/value： The definition of PR（s） as the first paper（s） t展开更多
TO THE EDITORPeptic ulcer disease is a major health care concern in the society today, in view of personal suffering as well as economical health care costs.
Artemisinin is isolated from the plant Artemisia annua,sweet wormwood,an herb employed in traditional Chinese medicine.Prof.You-you Tu discovered artemisinin in the 1960 s,so she was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Ph...Artemisinin is isolated from the plant Artemisia annua,sweet wormwood,an herb employed in traditional Chinese medicine.Prof.You-you Tu discovered artemisinin in the 1960 s,so she was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Artemisinin and its semi-synthetic derivatives are a group of drugs that possess the most rapid action of all current drugs against Plasmodium falciparum malaria.In this review,the author investigated history on discovery of artemisinin,ethnopharmacology of Artemisia plants,chemistry and pharmacological activities of the relative compounds,and introduced Tu and other Chinese and world scientists＇ contribution,development of artemisinin and the related compounds and registered and marketed artemisinin drugs in China,UK,and USA.The author also recalled the studies on the mechanism of action of artemisinins and artemisinin combination therapies and summed up the resistance issues.In Current Recommendations and the Global Plan for Insecticide Resistance Management in Malaria Vectors（CPIRM）,that the WHO prevents the development and manages the spread of insecticide resistance is summarized in the technical basis for coordinated action against insecticide resistance：preserving the effectiveness of modern malaria vector control.Prof.Tu re-emphasized the artemisinin resistant on five principles to the WHO.She called on the world＇s scientists to pay attention to the study of drug resistance,and hopes scientists to contribute to break resistance of artemisinins.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to develop a system for tissue culture and rapid propagation of two ornamental lupins, Minaretie and Russell Prize. In view of screening out the better explant regeneration and suitable cu...The purpose of this paper is to develop a system for tissue culture and rapid propagation of two ornamental lupins, Minaretie and Russell Prize. In view of screening out the better explant regeneration and suitable culture medium, through adding hormone 6-BA, NAA and 2, 4-D into MS and B5 basic culture medium, a series of experiments were carried out with the shoot tips, leaves, leaf petioles and stems from the asepsis seedling. The results showed that the shoot tips had favorableness on the rapidly propagation; MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg. L-1 for first generation, the induction rate of Minaretie and Russell Prize was 90.5% and 95.86% respectivdy; Minaretie had the highest propagation index （6.35） on MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg.L^-1＋NAA 0 mg-L^-1＋GA 30.8 mg. L^1＋AC 2 g. L^-1, but Russell Prize had the highest propagation index （7.24） on MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg.L^-1＋NAA 0.15 mg.L^-1＋GA3 1.0 mg.L^-1＋AC 0.5 g.L^-1; 1/2 MS＋NAA 0.25 mg.L^-1 was the best rooting medium. The ratios of getting roots of Minaretie and Russell Prize were 94.78% and 96.32%, respectively.展开更多
The original online version of this article (Durmagambetov, A.A. (2016) The Riemann Hypothesis-Millennium Prize Problem. Advances in Pure Mathematics, 6, 915-920. 10.4236/apm.2016.612069) unfortunately contains a mist...The original online version of this article (Durmagambetov, A.A. (2016) The Riemann Hypothesis-Millennium Prize Problem. Advances in Pure Mathematics, 6, 915-920. 10.4236/apm.2016.612069) unfortunately contains a mistake. The author wishes to correct the errors in Theorem 2 of the result part.展开更多
CNPC wins first prize of the State Technological Invention Award for the first time。The“Onshore Wide-frequency,Wide-azimuth,High-density Seismic Exploration Key Technology and Equipment”independently developed by B...CNPC wins first prize of the State Technological Invention Award for the first time。The“Onshore Wide-frequency,Wide-azimuth,High-density Seismic Exploration Key Technology and Equipment”independently developed by Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting INC(BGP Inc.)has been awarded the first prize of the State Technological Invention Award.This achievement marks the first time that CNPC has won the first-class State Technological Invention Award.To implement the national deep earth development strategy and advance into deeper and more complex oil and gas fields,BGP Inc.,supported by major national science and technology projects and the strong backing of CNPC,has fully leveraged its integrated technological advantages.Over the course of 15 years dedicated to scientific and technical breakthroughs,the company has undertaken original innovation in aspects such as conceptual methods,high-end equipment,and industrial software.It has independently developed the“two wide,one high”new generation of onshore seismic exploration technology,pioneering the global initiative in key technologies and equipment for high-density,wide-frequency,and wide-azimuth onshore seismic exploration.展开更多
Purpose:The disseminating of academic knowledge to nonacademic audiences partly relies on the transition of subsequent citing papers.This study aims to investigate direct and indirect impact on technology and policy o...Purpose:The disseminating of academic knowledge to nonacademic audiences partly relies on the transition of subsequent citing papers.This study aims to investigate direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research based on ego citation network.Design/methodology/approach:Key Nobel Prize-winning publications(NPs)in fields of gene engineering and astrophysics are regarded as a proxy for transformative research.In this contribution,we introduce a network-structural indicator of citing patents to measure technological impact of a target article and use policy citations as a preliminary tool for policy impact.Findings:The results show that the impact on technology and policy of NPs are higher than that of their subsequent citation generations in gene engineering but not in astrophysics.Research limitations:The selection of Nobel Prizes is not balanced and the database used in this study,Dimensions,suffers from incompleteness and inaccuracy of citation links.Practical implications:Our findings provide useful clues to better understand the characteristics of transformative research in technological and policy impact.Originality/value:This study proposes a new framework to explore the direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research.展开更多
The Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)made a marked transformation for neglected and vulnerable communities in the developing countries from the start,but infectious diseases of poverty(IDoPs)continue to inflict a dis...The Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)made a marked transformation for neglected and vulnerable communities in the developing countries from the start,but infectious diseases of poverty(IDoPs)continue to inflict a disproportionate global public health burden with associated consequences,thereby contributing to the vicious cycle of poverty and inequity.However,the effectiveness and large-scale coverage of artemisinin combination therapy(ACT)have revolutionized malaria treatment just as the control of lymphatic filariasis(LF)and onchocerciasis have benefitted from harnessing the broad-spectrum effect of avermectin-based derivatives.The paradigm shift in therapeutic approach,effected by these two drugs and their impact on community-based interventions of parasitic diseases plaguing the endemic low-and middle-income countries(LIMCs),led to the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.However,the story would not be complete without mentioning praziquantel.The huge contribution of this drug in modernizing the control of schistosomiasis and also some intestinal helminth infections had already shifted the focus from control to potential elimination of this disease.Together,these new drugs have provided humankind with powerful new tools for the alleviation of infectious diseases that humans have lived with since time immemorial.These drugs all have broad-spectrum effects,yet they are very safe and can even be packaged together in various combinations.The strong effect on so many of the great infectious scourges in the developing countries has not only had a remarkable influence on many endemic diseases,but also contributed to improving the cost structure of healthcare.Significant benefits include improved quality of preventive and curative medicine,promotion of community-based interventions,universal health coverage and the fostering of global partnerships.The laudable progress and benefits achieved are indispensable in championing,strengthening and moving forward elimination of the IDoPs.However,there is an urgent n展开更多
Purpose:In recent decades,with the availability of large-scale scientific corpus datasets,difference-in-difference(DID)is increasingly used in the science of science and bibliometrics studies.DID method outputs the un...Purpose:In recent decades,with the availability of large-scale scientific corpus datasets,difference-in-difference(DID)is increasingly used in the science of science and bibliometrics studies.DID method outputs the unbiased estimation on condition that several hypotheses hold,especially the common trend assumption.In this paper,we gave a systematic demonstration of DID in the science of science,and the potential ways to improve the accuracy of DID method.Design/methodology/approach:At first,we reviewed the statistical assumptions,the model specification,and the application procedures of DID method.Second,to improve the necessary assumptions before conducting DID regression and the accuracy of estimation,we introduced some matching techniques serving as the pre-selecting step for DID design by matching control individuals who are equivalent to those treated ones on observational variables before the intervention.Lastly,we performed a case study to estimate the effects of prizewinning on the scientific performance of Nobel laureates,by comparing the yearly citation impact after the prizewinning year between Nobel laureates and their prizewinning-work coauthors.Findings:We introduced the procedures to conduct a DID estimation and demonstrated the effectiveness to use matching method to improve the results.As a case study,we found that there are no significant increases in citations for Nobel laureates compared to their prizewinning coauthors.Research limitations:This study ignored the rigorous mathematical deduction parts of DID,while focused on the practical parts.Practical implications:This work gives experimental practice and potential guidelines to use DID method in science of science and bibliometrics studies.Originality/value:This study gains insights into the usage of econometric tools in science of science.展开更多
The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is ma...The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is made between the early generation of Xu Mao and His Daughters and the recent award-winning work,A Tale of the Wind,to discover the aesthetic heritage in its flux,which is enlightening for the literary criticism and an orientation for the literary creators.展开更多
“Who will win the Nobel Prize this year” attracts lots of attentions at every year’s end of September and begining of October recent years. Several prizes, e.g. the Wolf prize, Lasker prize, Gairdner prize, etc., h...“Who will win the Nobel Prize this year” attracts lots of attentions at every year’s end of September and begining of October recent years. Several prizes, e.g. the Wolf prize, Lasker prize, Gairdner prize, etc., have been treated as the predictors of the Nobel Prize.展开更多
The late Professor Su Buqing(Su Buchin)was a major founder of modern mathematics in China.The International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics(ICIAM)set up the ICIAM Su Buchin Prize in 2003,which was the f...The late Professor Su Buqing(Su Buchin)was a major founder of modern mathematics in China.The International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics(ICIAM)set up the ICIAM Su Buchin Prize in 2003,which was the first international mathematical prize named after a Chinese mathematician.In the same year,the China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics(CSIAM)set up the CSIAM Su Buchin Applied Mathematics Prize.This year witnesses the 20th anniversary of the founding of the two prizes,so the Journal issues the special edition to celebrate and commemorate the occasion.展开更多
At the starting line of the race...Mark:I didn't expect to see you here!Paul:This is where the race starts,isn't it?Mark:Yeah,but I mean,I didn't know you were competing in the race.Paul:I wasn't going...At the starting line of the race...Mark:I didn't expect to see you here!Paul:This is where the race starts,isn't it?Mark:Yeah,but I mean,I didn't know you were competing in the race.Paul:I wasn't going to,but then I heard about the winning prize.Mark:You mean the winner's cup(奖杯)?展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:71373252)the Project from Institute of Medical Information of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(Grant No.:14R0106)
文摘Purpose： This paper develops and validates a bibliometric framework for identifying the ＂princes＂ （PR） who wake up the ＂sleeping beauty＂ （SB） in challenge-type scientific discoveries, so as to figure out the awakening mechanisms, and promote potentially valuable but not readily accepted innovative research. （A PR is a research study.） Design/methodology/approach： We propose that PR candidates must meet the following four criteria： （1） be published near the time when the SB began to attract a lot of citations; （2） be highly cited papers themselves; （3） receive a substantial number of co-citations with the SB; and （4） within the challenge-type discoveries which contradict established theories, the ＂pulling effect＂ of the PR on the SB must be strong. We test the usefulness of the bibliometric framework through a case study of a key publication by the 2014 chemistry Nobel laureate Stefan W. Hell, who negated Ernst Abbe＇s diffraction limit theory, one of the most prominent paradigms in the natural sciences. Findings： The first-ranked candidate PR article identified by the bibliometric framework is in line with historical facts. An SB may need one or more PRs and even ＂retinues＂ to be ＂awakened.＂ Documents with potential awakening functionality tend to be published in prestigious multidisciplinary journals with higher impact and wider scope than the journals publishing SBs. Research limitations： The above framework is only applicable to transformative innovations, and the conclusions are drawn from the analysis of one typical SB and her awakening process. Therefore the generality of our work might be limited. Practical implications： Publications belonging to so-called transformative research, even when less frequently cited, should be given special attention as early as possible, because they may suddenly attract many citations after a period of sleep, as reflected in our case study.Originality/value： The definition of PR（s） as the first paper（s） t
文摘TO THE EDITORPeptic ulcer disease is a major health care concern in the society today, in view of personal suffering as well as economical health care costs.
基金National Natural Science Foundation Key Project(81430096)
文摘Artemisinin is isolated from the plant Artemisia annua,sweet wormwood,an herb employed in traditional Chinese medicine.Prof.You-you Tu discovered artemisinin in the 1960 s,so she was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.Artemisinin and its semi-synthetic derivatives are a group of drugs that possess the most rapid action of all current drugs against Plasmodium falciparum malaria.In this review,the author investigated history on discovery of artemisinin,ethnopharmacology of Artemisia plants,chemistry and pharmacological activities of the relative compounds,and introduced Tu and other Chinese and world scientists＇ contribution,development of artemisinin and the related compounds and registered and marketed artemisinin drugs in China,UK,and USA.The author also recalled the studies on the mechanism of action of artemisinins and artemisinin combination therapies and summed up the resistance issues.In Current Recommendations and the Global Plan for Insecticide Resistance Management in Malaria Vectors（CPIRM）,that the WHO prevents the development and manages the spread of insecticide resistance is summarized in the technical basis for coordinated action against insecticide resistance：preserving the effectiveness of modern malaria vector control.Prof.Tu re-emphasized the artemisinin resistant on five principles to the WHO.She called on the world＇s scientists to pay attention to the study of drug resistance,and hopes scientists to contribute to break resistance of artemisinins.
文摘The purpose of this paper is to develop a system for tissue culture and rapid propagation of two ornamental lupins, Minaretie and Russell Prize. In view of screening out the better explant regeneration and suitable culture medium, through adding hormone 6-BA, NAA and 2, 4-D into MS and B5 basic culture medium, a series of experiments were carried out with the shoot tips, leaves, leaf petioles and stems from the asepsis seedling. The results showed that the shoot tips had favorableness on the rapidly propagation; MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg. L-1 for first generation, the induction rate of Minaretie and Russell Prize was 90.5% and 95.86% respectivdy; Minaretie had the highest propagation index （6.35） on MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg.L^-1＋NAA 0 mg-L^-1＋GA 30.8 mg. L^1＋AC 2 g. L^-1, but Russell Prize had the highest propagation index （7.24） on MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg.L^-1＋NAA 0.15 mg.L^-1＋GA3 1.0 mg.L^-1＋AC 0.5 g.L^-1; 1/2 MS＋NAA 0.25 mg.L^-1 was the best rooting medium. The ratios of getting roots of Minaretie and Russell Prize were 94.78% and 96.32%, respectively.
文摘The original online version of this article (Durmagambetov, A.A. (2016) The Riemann Hypothesis-Millennium Prize Problem. Advances in Pure Mathematics, 6, 915-920. 10.4236/apm.2016.612069) unfortunately contains a mistake. The author wishes to correct the errors in Theorem 2 of the result part.
文摘CNPC wins first prize of the State Technological Invention Award for the first time。The“Onshore Wide-frequency,Wide-azimuth,High-density Seismic Exploration Key Technology and Equipment”independently developed by Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting INC(BGP Inc.)has been awarded the first prize of the State Technological Invention Award.This achievement marks the first time that CNPC has won the first-class State Technological Invention Award.To implement the national deep earth development strategy and advance into deeper and more complex oil and gas fields,BGP Inc.,supported by major national science and technology projects and the strong backing of CNPC,has fully leveraged its integrated technological advantages.Over the course of 15 years dedicated to scientific and technical breakthroughs,the company has undertaken original innovation in aspects such as conceptual methods,high-end equipment,and industrial software.It has independently developed the“two wide,one high”new generation of onshore seismic exploration technology,pioneering the global initiative in key technologies and equipment for high-density,wide-frequency,and wide-azimuth onshore seismic exploration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71974167).
文摘Purpose:The disseminating of academic knowledge to nonacademic audiences partly relies on the transition of subsequent citing papers.This study aims to investigate direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research based on ego citation network.Design/methodology/approach:Key Nobel Prize-winning publications(NPs)in fields of gene engineering and astrophysics are regarded as a proxy for transformative research.In this contribution,we introduce a network-structural indicator of citing patents to measure technological impact of a target article and use policy citations as a preliminary tool for policy impact.Findings:The results show that the impact on technology and policy of NPs are higher than that of their subsequent citation generations in gene engineering but not in astrophysics.Research limitations:The selection of Nobel Prizes is not balanced and the database used in this study,Dimensions,suffers from incompleteness and inaccuracy of citation links.Practical implications:Our findings provide useful clues to better understand the characteristics of transformative research in technological and policy impact.Originality/value:This study proposes a new framework to explore the direct and indirect impact on technology and policy originating from transformative research.
基金We are grateful of the funding support received from National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,China,Chinese Center for Disease and Control and Prevention,Shanghai on this project,through China-UK Global Health Support Programme(GHSP OP302).
文摘The Millennium Development Goals(MDGs)made a marked transformation for neglected and vulnerable communities in the developing countries from the start,but infectious diseases of poverty(IDoPs)continue to inflict a disproportionate global public health burden with associated consequences,thereby contributing to the vicious cycle of poverty and inequity.However,the effectiveness and large-scale coverage of artemisinin combination therapy(ACT)have revolutionized malaria treatment just as the control of lymphatic filariasis(LF)and onchocerciasis have benefitted from harnessing the broad-spectrum effect of avermectin-based derivatives.The paradigm shift in therapeutic approach,effected by these two drugs and their impact on community-based interventions of parasitic diseases plaguing the endemic low-and middle-income countries(LIMCs),led to the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.However,the story would not be complete without mentioning praziquantel.The huge contribution of this drug in modernizing the control of schistosomiasis and also some intestinal helminth infections had already shifted the focus from control to potential elimination of this disease.Together,these new drugs have provided humankind with powerful new tools for the alleviation of infectious diseases that humans have lived with since time immemorial.These drugs all have broad-spectrum effects,yet they are very safe and can even be packaged together in various combinations.The strong effect on so many of the great infectious scourges in the developing countries has not only had a remarkable influence on many endemic diseases,but also contributed to improving the cost structure of healthcare.Significant benefits include improved quality of preventive and curative medicine,promotion of community-based interventions,universal health coverage and the fostering of global partnerships.The laudable progress and benefits achieved are indispensable in championing,strengthening and moving forward elimination of the IDoPs.However,there is an urgent n
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,with No.NSFC62006109 and NSFC12031005.
文摘Purpose:In recent decades,with the availability of large-scale scientific corpus datasets,difference-in-difference(DID)is increasingly used in the science of science and bibliometrics studies.DID method outputs the unbiased estimation on condition that several hypotheses hold,especially the common trend assumption.In this paper,we gave a systematic demonstration of DID in the science of science,and the potential ways to improve the accuracy of DID method.Design/methodology/approach:At first,we reviewed the statistical assumptions,the model specification,and the application procedures of DID method.Second,to improve the necessary assumptions before conducting DID regression and the accuracy of estimation,we introduced some matching techniques serving as the pre-selecting step for DID design by matching control individuals who are equivalent to those treated ones on observational variables before the intervention.Lastly,we performed a case study to estimate the effects of prizewinning on the scientific performance of Nobel laureates,by comparing the yearly citation impact after the prizewinning year between Nobel laureates and their prizewinning-work coauthors.Findings:We introduced the procedures to conduct a DID estimation and demonstrated the effectiveness to use matching method to improve the results.As a case study,we found that there are no significant increases in citations for Nobel laureates compared to their prizewinning coauthors.Research limitations:This study ignored the rigorous mathematical deduction parts of DID,while focused on the practical parts.Practical implications:This work gives experimental practice and potential guidelines to use DID method in science of science and bibliometrics studies.Originality/value:This study gains insights into the usage of econometric tools in science of science.
文摘The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is made between the early generation of Xu Mao and His Daughters and the recent award-winning work,A Tale of the Wind,to discover the aesthetic heritage in its flux,which is enlightening for the literary criticism and an orientation for the literary creators.
文摘“Who will win the Nobel Prize this year” attracts lots of attentions at every year’s end of September and begining of October recent years. Several prizes, e.g. the Wolf prize, Lasker prize, Gairdner prize, etc., have been treated as the predictors of the Nobel Prize.
文摘The late Professor Su Buqing(Su Buchin)was a major founder of modern mathematics in China.The International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics(ICIAM)set up the ICIAM Su Buchin Prize in 2003,which was the first international mathematical prize named after a Chinese mathematician.In the same year,the China Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics(CSIAM)set up the CSIAM Su Buchin Applied Mathematics Prize.This year witnesses the 20th anniversary of the founding of the two prizes,so the Journal issues the special edition to celebrate and commemorate the occasion.
文摘At the starting line of the race...Mark:I didn't expect to see you here!Paul:This is where the race starts,isn't it?Mark:Yeah,but I mean,I didn't know you were competing in the race.Paul:I wasn't going to,but then I heard about the winning prize.Mark:You mean the winner's cup(奖杯)?
