Spatial technologies, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), are particularly appropriate for integrating road- way data and enhancing the use and presentation of these data for highway management and operation...Spatial technologies, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), are particularly appropriate for integrating road- way data and enhancing the use and presentation of these data for highway management and operation by using spatial relationships to relate geographic and geometric objects and events. To different degrees, roadway management problems, such as pavement management, involve relations between objects and events located in different spatial positions. Because the data used in the decision-making process have spatial components, the use of spatial technologies emerges as a very appealing alternative. Spatial technologies may enhance the analysis of several transportation-related issues and may improve the quality of the decision-making process. This paper built a GIS based system that provides information for use as a platform on which all aspects of the Pavement Maintenance and Management System (PMMS) process can be built. The resulting system, GPMMS, represents a significant enhancement of all aspects of the PMMS process. A variety of spatially integrated data are important to pavement management decision making. GIS technology is shown to be the most logical way of relating these diverse, but relevant, data. In this paper, 23 sections is selected along the roadways of Nahrain University and all these sections are distresses due to different causes like weathering, ageing, traffic load, and also the bad maintenance, etc. The PSI of these sections in the range between 1 to 4, and most of these sections in the low range (between 1 to 2). That cause of need to future developments including other elements of a road maintenance management system should be considered. Completion of the whole roads database with all the types of surveys recorded i.e. all distresses, construction and maintenance history and so on.展开更多
A new frequency-selective surface(FSS)with loadings is introduced in this paper and analyzed by way of period moment methods(PMMs).The simulated results show that FSS may operate in different bands and especially gene...A new frequency-selective surface(FSS)with loadings is introduced in this paper and analyzed by way of period moment methods(PMMs).The simulated results show that FSS may operate in different bands and especially generate a large reduction in the resonant frequency for a fixed unit cell size through different loadings.This provides a new orientation in the development for FSS.Practical circuits are fabricated,and the measured results agree well with the simulated results.展开更多
文摘Spatial technologies, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), are particularly appropriate for integrating road- way data and enhancing the use and presentation of these data for highway management and operation by using spatial relationships to relate geographic and geometric objects and events. To different degrees, roadway management problems, such as pavement management, involve relations between objects and events located in different spatial positions. Because the data used in the decision-making process have spatial components, the use of spatial technologies emerges as a very appealing alternative. Spatial technologies may enhance the analysis of several transportation-related issues and may improve the quality of the decision-making process. This paper built a GIS based system that provides information for use as a platform on which all aspects of the Pavement Maintenance and Management System (PMMS) process can be built. The resulting system, GPMMS, represents a significant enhancement of all aspects of the PMMS process. A variety of spatially integrated data are important to pavement management decision making. GIS technology is shown to be the most logical way of relating these diverse, but relevant, data. In this paper, 23 sections is selected along the roadways of Nahrain University and all these sections are distresses due to different causes like weathering, ageing, traffic load, and also the bad maintenance, etc. The PSI of these sections in the range between 1 to 4, and most of these sections in the low range (between 1 to 2). That cause of need to future developments including other elements of a road maintenance management system should be considered. Completion of the whole roads database with all the types of surveys recorded i.e. all distresses, construction and maintenance history and so on.
基金This work was supported by the Major Fundamental Preliminary Research Foundation for National Security(No.51307).
文摘A new frequency-selective surface(FSS)with loadings is introduced in this paper and analyzed by way of period moment methods(PMMs).The simulated results show that FSS may operate in different bands and especially generate a large reduction in the resonant frequency for a fixed unit cell size through different loadings.This provides a new orientation in the development for FSS.Practical circuits are fabricated,and the measured results agree well with the simulated results.
