Effect factors of the absorption of the source,air,entrance window,and dead layer of a detector must be considered in the measurement of monoenergetic alpha particles,along with statistical noise and other factors tha...Effect factors of the absorption of the source,air,entrance window,and dead layer of a detector must be considered in the measurement of monoenergetic alpha particles,along with statistical noise and other factors that collectively cause the alpha spectrum to exhibit a well-known low-energy tail.Therefore,the estabUshment of an alpha spectrum detector response function from the perspective of a signaling system must consider the various factors mentioned above.The detector response function is the convolution of an alphaparticle pulse function,two exponential functions,and a Gaussian function,followed by calculation of the parameters of the detector response function using the weighted leastsquares fitting method as proposed in this paper.In our experiment,^(239)Pu alpha spectra were measured by a highresolution,passivated implanted planar silicon(PIPS)detector at 10 levels of vacuum and 10 source-detector distances.The spectrum-fitting results were excellent as evaluated by reduced Chi-square(x^2) and correlation coefficients.Finally,the variation of parameters with vacuum level and source-detector distance was studied.Results demonstrate that σ,τ_1,and τ_2 exhibit no obvious trend of variation with vacuum in the range 2000-20,000 mTorr,and at a confidence level of 95%,the values of τ_1 and τ_2 decline in a similar fashion with source-detector distance by the power exponential function,while the value of a declines linearly.展开更多
The ultimate goal in phosphoinositides cellular metabolism is to decipher their global functional organization and coordination of the com- partmentalized signaling processes. In this report we present evidence linkin...The ultimate goal in phosphoinositides cellular metabolism is to decipher their global functional organization and coordination of the com- partmentalized signaling processes. In this report we present evidence linking nuclear phos- phoinositides cycle with endoplasmic reticulum synthesis and function. The rapid transformation of [3H]inositol-labeled phosphoinositides in the intact nuclei (IN) was captured in chase studies for 0-5 min, followed by examination of phosphatidylinositides in the inner nuclear me- mbrane (INM), the outer nuclear membrane (ONM) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We revealed that synthesis of phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) occurs in ONM and the de- phosphorylation takes place in the INM. The rapid transformation of the radiolabeled PIPs in ONM reverberated in their appearance and successive transformation in INM, and in the 5min chased nuclei was tracked to ONM as the re- emerging radiolabeled phosphatidylinositol (PI). These chase-uncovered changes in ONM and INM PIPs profiles allow us to conclude that the observed conversions in the nuclear membrane continuum are induced by the lateral movement of the membrane and its transit from the cytosolic to nuclear and back to cytosolic environment. The suggested membrane synthesisinduced movement provides the means to transport the membrane- and the membrane lipid ligand-associated cytosolic proteins to the intranuclear spaces and renewal of INM. Export of the nuclear components interacting with the modified INM, by exiting from nuclear to cytosolic site, endows ER with a steady influx of the membrane that is conditioned to generate vesicles according to the nucleus delivered templates.展开更多
本文以通信建设项目工程管理特点作为基本立足点,将通信项目参与各方作为一个虚拟团队,结合通信建设项目工程管理的实践,提出了提升通信建设工程质量的通信建设项目工程信息管理PIP(Project Information Portal,简称PIP)技术理论,目的...本文以通信建设项目工程管理特点作为基本立足点,将通信项目参与各方作为一个虚拟团队,结合通信建设项目工程管理的实践,提出了提升通信建设工程质量的通信建设项目工程信息管理PIP(Project Information Portal,简称PIP)技术理论,目的是探讨PIP在通信建设项目工程信息管理中的应用理论、建设工程信息管理PIP系统,为通信运营商提供工程信息管理和开放式PIP平台打下基础,最终目的是降低工程成本、提升工程质量,促进由运营商、设备商、设计、施工、监理各方组成的工程虚拟团队的有效信息管理。展开更多
Violence comes first by which human lives are being destroyed. Violence poses serious challenges to law enforcement agencies and policy makers as well as it threatens the writ of the Government. Violence condition of ...Violence comes first by which human lives are being destroyed. Violence poses serious challenges to law enforcement agencies and policy makers as well as it threatens the writ of the Government. Violence condition of a country can be visualized through an accurate violence risk map. This paper presents the methodology to develop an incidence of violence (IOV) risk map using GIS. IOV data for year 2010 was collected from Pakistan Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS) that have 3104 records and cover 16 categories of attack types. IOV data was further geocoded by using online Google geocoding service. IOV risk maps were developed through two available methods: kernel density and getis-ord-gi* by giving single parameter “frequency”, and one new indexing method by giving two additional parameters as well “severity” and “probability”. For each district, IOV frequency and IOV severity values were calculated from PIPS data whereas IOV probability value was derived from the Benazir Income Support Program—Poverty Scorecard Survey (BISP—PSS). A value ranging from 1 to 5 was assigned to each of three parameters against each district and then all three parameters were multiplied with each other to generate IOV risk index that had values ranging from 1 to 125. IOV risk index was further classified through natural breaks into three categories: low risk (1 - 40), moderate risk (41 - 70) and high risk (71 - 125). For validation purpose, spatial overlay analysis was conducted between year 2011 IOV data (classified through natural breaks) and year 2010 IOV risk maps (developed through kernel density, getis-ord-gi* and indexing method). The indexing method has proved as a reliable method to develop an IOV risk map with an accuracy of 93 percent then getis-ord-gi* and kernel density having accuracy of 58 percent and 89 percent respectively. Furthermore, indexing method predicted IOV risk areas more efficiently in terms of spatial distribution. Indexing method highlighted Khuzdar, Zhob, Upper Dir, Khyber Agency, Orakzai 展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41374130 and 41604154)Opening Foundation of Sichuan Provincial Key Lab of Applied Nuclear Techniques in Geosciences(No.gnzds2014003)the Open Fund of Robot Technology Used for Special Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(13zxtk04)
文摘Effect factors of the absorption of the source,air,entrance window,and dead layer of a detector must be considered in the measurement of monoenergetic alpha particles,along with statistical noise and other factors that collectively cause the alpha spectrum to exhibit a well-known low-energy tail.Therefore,the estabUshment of an alpha spectrum detector response function from the perspective of a signaling system must consider the various factors mentioned above.The detector response function is the convolution of an alphaparticle pulse function,two exponential functions,and a Gaussian function,followed by calculation of the parameters of the detector response function using the weighted leastsquares fitting method as proposed in this paper.In our experiment,^(239)Pu alpha spectra were measured by a highresolution,passivated implanted planar silicon(PIPS)detector at 10 levels of vacuum and 10 source-detector distances.The spectrum-fitting results were excellent as evaluated by reduced Chi-square(x^2) and correlation coefficients.Finally,the variation of parameters with vacuum level and source-detector distance was studied.Results demonstrate that σ,τ_1,and τ_2 exhibit no obvious trend of variation with vacuum in the range 2000-20,000 mTorr,and at a confidence level of 95%,the values of τ_1 and τ_2 decline in a similar fashion with source-detector distance by the power exponential function,while the value of a declines linearly.
文摘The ultimate goal in phosphoinositides cellular metabolism is to decipher their global functional organization and coordination of the com- partmentalized signaling processes. In this report we present evidence linking nuclear phos- phoinositides cycle with endoplasmic reticulum synthesis and function. The rapid transformation of [3H]inositol-labeled phosphoinositides in the intact nuclei (IN) was captured in chase studies for 0-5 min, followed by examination of phosphatidylinositides in the inner nuclear me- mbrane (INM), the outer nuclear membrane (ONM) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We revealed that synthesis of phosphatidylinositol phosphates (PIPs) occurs in ONM and the de- phosphorylation takes place in the INM. The rapid transformation of the radiolabeled PIPs in ONM reverberated in their appearance and successive transformation in INM, and in the 5min chased nuclei was tracked to ONM as the re- emerging radiolabeled phosphatidylinositol (PI). These chase-uncovered changes in ONM and INM PIPs profiles allow us to conclude that the observed conversions in the nuclear membrane continuum are induced by the lateral movement of the membrane and its transit from the cytosolic to nuclear and back to cytosolic environment. The suggested membrane synthesisinduced movement provides the means to transport the membrane- and the membrane lipid ligand-associated cytosolic proteins to the intranuclear spaces and renewal of INM. Export of the nuclear components interacting with the modified INM, by exiting from nuclear to cytosolic site, endows ER with a steady influx of the membrane that is conditioned to generate vesicles according to the nucleus delivered templates.
文摘本文以通信建设项目工程管理特点作为基本立足点,将通信项目参与各方作为一个虚拟团队,结合通信建设项目工程管理的实践,提出了提升通信建设工程质量的通信建设项目工程信息管理PIP(Project Information Portal,简称PIP)技术理论,目的是探讨PIP在通信建设项目工程信息管理中的应用理论、建设工程信息管理PIP系统,为通信运营商提供工程信息管理和开放式PIP平台打下基础,最终目的是降低工程成本、提升工程质量,促进由运营商、设备商、设计、施工、监理各方组成的工程虚拟团队的有效信息管理。
文摘Violence comes first by which human lives are being destroyed. Violence poses serious challenges to law enforcement agencies and policy makers as well as it threatens the writ of the Government. Violence condition of a country can be visualized through an accurate violence risk map. This paper presents the methodology to develop an incidence of violence (IOV) risk map using GIS. IOV data for year 2010 was collected from Pakistan Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS) that have 3104 records and cover 16 categories of attack types. IOV data was further geocoded by using online Google geocoding service. IOV risk maps were developed through two available methods: kernel density and getis-ord-gi* by giving single parameter “frequency”, and one new indexing method by giving two additional parameters as well “severity” and “probability”. For each district, IOV frequency and IOV severity values were calculated from PIPS data whereas IOV probability value was derived from the Benazir Income Support Program—Poverty Scorecard Survey (BISP—PSS). A value ranging from 1 to 5 was assigned to each of three parameters against each district and then all three parameters were multiplied with each other to generate IOV risk index that had values ranging from 1 to 125. IOV risk index was further classified through natural breaks into three categories: low risk (1 - 40), moderate risk (41 - 70) and high risk (71 - 125). For validation purpose, spatial overlay analysis was conducted between year 2011 IOV data (classified through natural breaks) and year 2010 IOV risk maps (developed through kernel density, getis-ord-gi* and indexing method). The indexing method has proved as a reliable method to develop an IOV risk map with an accuracy of 93 percent then getis-ord-gi* and kernel density having accuracy of 58 percent and 89 percent respectively. Furthermore, indexing method predicted IOV risk areas more efficiently in terms of spatial distribution. Indexing method highlighted Khuzdar, Zhob, Upper Dir, Khyber Agency, Orakzai
