目的:分析2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年学生血压状况的流行病学现状及其与营养状况之间的关联性,为制定儿童血压防控措施提供依据。方法:利用2014年"中国学生体质与健康调研"结果中7~18岁的儿童青少年数据,依据我国儿童青少年...目的:分析2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年学生血压状况的流行病学现状及其与营养状况之间的关联性,为制定儿童血压防控措施提供依据。方法:利用2014年"中国学生体质与健康调研"结果中7~18岁的儿童青少年数据,依据我国儿童青少年分年龄、性别、身高百分位血压标准来评价血压状况,包括儿童血压偏高前期、血压偏高、单纯性收缩压偏高、单纯性舒张压偏高和混合性血压偏高。按照国际儿童青少年体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)标准评价儿童青少年营养状况,包括消瘦(重度消瘦和轻度消瘦)、正常BMI、超重和肥胖(重度肥胖和轻度肥胖)。利用多因素Logistics回归模型分析血压偏高与营养状况之间的关联性,并计算人群归因危险度评估超重肥胖控制对于预防儿童血压偏高的公共卫生学意义。结果:2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高和血压偏高前期的检出率分别为14.9%和9.2%,儿童青少年血压偏高者中收缩压偏高、舒张压偏高和混合性血压偏高检出率分别为3.1%、8.8%和3.0%。血压偏高状况整体呈现为男生高于女生,乡村高于城市,随年龄逐渐增高,随地区(东部、中部和西部)逐渐降低,随BMI的增加而增加的趋势。重度肥胖组的血压偏高检出率最高,男女生分别为44.2%和38.8%,分别是正常组(15.8%和10.6%)的2.8倍和3.7倍。血压偏高与消瘦(重度消瘦和轻度消瘦)呈负相关,与超重肥胖呈正相关。血压偏高归因于超重肥胖的危险度为16.2%,控制超重肥胖后,血压偏高的期望检出率为12.5%,且对单纯性收缩压偏高和混合性血压偏高影响较大,归因危险度分别为28.7%和35.1%。结论:我国儿童青少年血压偏高检出率较高,且以单纯性舒张压偏高为主。超重肥胖可显著增加血压偏高的风险,尤其是对单纯性收缩压偏高和混合性血压偏高影响较大,通过控制超重肥胖可显著降低全国儿童高血压的发生�展开更多
Background Waist circumference （WC）, a proxy measure of central body fat, is a better predictor than overall body fat for cardiovascular risk factors in both adults and children. WC cutoffs have been established in ...Background Waist circumference （WC）, a proxy measure of central body fat, is a better predictor than overall body fat for cardiovascular risk factors in both adults and children. WC cutoffs have been established in many countries, but the national WC reference has not been developed in China. Objective To study the distribution of WC in a representative group of Chinese children for establishing Chinese WC cutoff points. Methods Cross-sectional data obtained from 15 mainland provinces and Hong Kong were collected. There were 160 225 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years old in total. The subjects were divided into five regional groups namely costal city, other city, noah rural, south rural, and Hong Kong, for analyzing the distribution of WC. Results A large variation in WC distribution was found among the five groups for both sexes. Coastal city group had the highest P85 WC values consistently from the early school ages to 18-year-old compared with other groups. In contrast, south rural group had P85 values consistently lagged behind not only the city groups but also the north rural group. Hong Kong group had a high P85 WC at early ages, but because of the smaller increments of WC during adolescence, the P85 curve was gradually exceeded by the north rural groups. Catch-up trend was found in the two rural groups since the peak of puberty. These disparities were caused by not only socioeconomic and urban-rural factors but also north-south differences. Because of the regional variation of WC, a ＂gradient＂ prevalence of central obesity was prospected among these groups. Comparisons of WC distributions between the Chinese and the U.S.A or Netherlands demonstrated the necessary of setting up China＇s own WC cutoffs. Sex and age-specific percentiles were obtained and smoothed by using LMS method. Conclusion The data obtained from this study could be used to develop national WC cutoff points for Chinese children and adolescents.展开更多
文摘目的:分析2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年学生血压状况的流行病学现状及其与营养状况之间的关联性,为制定儿童血压防控措施提供依据。方法:利用2014年"中国学生体质与健康调研"结果中7~18岁的儿童青少年数据,依据我国儿童青少年分年龄、性别、身高百分位血压标准来评价血压状况,包括儿童血压偏高前期、血压偏高、单纯性收缩压偏高、单纯性舒张压偏高和混合性血压偏高。按照国际儿童青少年体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)标准评价儿童青少年营养状况,包括消瘦(重度消瘦和轻度消瘦)、正常BMI、超重和肥胖(重度肥胖和轻度肥胖)。利用多因素Logistics回归模型分析血压偏高与营养状况之间的关联性,并计算人群归因危险度评估超重肥胖控制对于预防儿童血压偏高的公共卫生学意义。结果:2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高和血压偏高前期的检出率分别为14.9%和9.2%,儿童青少年血压偏高者中收缩压偏高、舒张压偏高和混合性血压偏高检出率分别为3.1%、8.8%和3.0%。血压偏高状况整体呈现为男生高于女生,乡村高于城市,随年龄逐渐增高,随地区(东部、中部和西部)逐渐降低,随BMI的增加而增加的趋势。重度肥胖组的血压偏高检出率最高,男女生分别为44.2%和38.8%,分别是正常组(15.8%和10.6%)的2.8倍和3.7倍。血压偏高与消瘦(重度消瘦和轻度消瘦)呈负相关,与超重肥胖呈正相关。血压偏高归因于超重肥胖的危险度为16.2%,控制超重肥胖后,血压偏高的期望检出率为12.5%,且对单纯性收缩压偏高和混合性血压偏高影响较大,归因危险度分别为28.7%和35.1%。结论:我国儿童青少年血压偏高检出率较高,且以单纯性舒张压偏高为主。超重肥胖可显著增加血压偏高的风险,尤其是对单纯性收缩压偏高和混合性血压偏高影响较大,通过控制超重肥胖可显著降低全国儿童高血压的发生�
基金Funded by International Life Sciences Institute,Focal Point in China.
文摘Background Waist circumference （WC）, a proxy measure of central body fat, is a better predictor than overall body fat for cardiovascular risk factors in both adults and children. WC cutoffs have been established in many countries, but the national WC reference has not been developed in China. Objective To study the distribution of WC in a representative group of Chinese children for establishing Chinese WC cutoff points. Methods Cross-sectional data obtained from 15 mainland provinces and Hong Kong were collected. There were 160 225 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years old in total. The subjects were divided into five regional groups namely costal city, other city, noah rural, south rural, and Hong Kong, for analyzing the distribution of WC. Results A large variation in WC distribution was found among the five groups for both sexes. Coastal city group had the highest P85 WC values consistently from the early school ages to 18-year-old compared with other groups. In contrast, south rural group had P85 values consistently lagged behind not only the city groups but also the north rural group. Hong Kong group had a high P85 WC at early ages, but because of the smaller increments of WC during adolescence, the P85 curve was gradually exceeded by the north rural groups. Catch-up trend was found in the two rural groups since the peak of puberty. These disparities were caused by not only socioeconomic and urban-rural factors but also north-south differences. Because of the regional variation of WC, a ＂gradient＂ prevalence of central obesity was prospected among these groups. Comparisons of WC distributions between the Chinese and the U.S.A or Netherlands demonstrated the necessary of setting up China＇s own WC cutoffs. Sex and age-specific percentiles were obtained and smoothed by using LMS method. Conclusion The data obtained from this study could be used to develop national WC cutoff points for Chinese children and adolescents.
