AIM: To compare seven commercially available bone graft substitutes(BGS) in terms of these properties and without using any additional biological growth factors.METHODS: Porcine osteoprogenitor cells were loaded on se...AIM: To compare seven commercially available bone graft substitutes(BGS) in terms of these properties and without using any additional biological growth factors.METHODS: Porcine osteoprogenitor cells were loaded on seven commercially available BGS and allowed to proliferate for one week followed by osteogenic induction. Staining for live/dead cells as well as scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was carried out to determine viability and cellular binding. Further outcome measures included alkaline phosphatase(ALP) assays with normalisation for DNA content to quantify osteogenic potential. Negative and positive control experiments were carried out in parallel to validate the results.RESULTS: Live/dead and SEM imaging showed higher viability and attachment with β-tricalcium phosphate(β-TCP) than with other BGS(P < 0.05). The average ALP activity in nmol/mL(normalised value for DNA content in nmol/μg DNA) per sample was 657.58(132.03) for β-TCP, 36.22(unable to normalise) for calcium sulphate, 19.93(11.39) for the Hydroxyapatite/Tricalcium Phosphate composite, 14.79(18.53) for polygraft, 13.98(8.15) for the highly porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate, 5.56(10.0) for polymers, and 3.82(3.8) for Hydroxyapatite.CONCLUSION: Under the above experimental conditions, β-TCP was able to maintain better the viability of osteoprogenitor cells and allow proliferation and differentiation(P < 0.05).展开更多
目的:构建重组甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白(parathyroid hormone related protein,PTHrP)1-36并观察其在促进牙槽骨骨形成中的作用。方法:构建pGEX-2TK/PTHrP1-36原核表达载体,表达重组小鼠PTHrP1-36蛋白。通过处理小鼠原代骨髓间充质细胞和...目的:构建重组甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白(parathyroid hormone related protein,PTHrP)1-36并观察其在促进牙槽骨骨形成中的作用。方法:构建pGEX-2TK/PTHrP1-36原核表达载体,表达重组小鼠PTHrP1-36蛋白。通过处理小鼠原代骨髓间充质细胞和卵巢切除致颌骨疏松的小鼠,体外和体内观察重组PTHrP1-36在促进牙槽骨骨形成中的作用。采用SPSS 10.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:实验结果显示,pGEX-2TK/PTHrP1-36原核表达载体构建成功,IPTG可诱导新生蛋白表达。体外处理小鼠骨髓细胞,发现重组PTHrP1-36蛋白可以增加总成纤维细胞克隆形成单位(CFU-f)、碱性磷酸酶阳性的CFU-f和钙化结节的数目。在卵巢切除致颌骨疏松的小鼠体内注射重组PTHrP1-36蛋白,发现小鼠牙槽骨骨密度增加。H-E染色以及骨胶原染色显示,牙槽骨骨量明显增加。结论:重组PTHrP1-36可促进骨髓间充质细胞的成骨分化,促进牙槽骨骨密度和骨量的增加,提示PTHrP1-36在促进牙槽骨形成中具有积极作用。展开更多
The term "Stammzelle"(stem cells) originally appeared in 1868 in the works of Ernst Haeckel who used it to describe the ancestor unicellular organism from which he presumed all multicellular organisms evolve...The term "Stammzelle"(stem cells) originally appeared in 1868 in the works of Ernst Haeckel who used it to describe the ancestor unicellular organism from which he presumed all multicellular organisms evolved. Since then stem cells have been studied in a wide spectrum of normal and pathological conditions; it is remarkable to note that ectopic arterial calcification was considered a passive deposit of calcium since its original discovering in 1877; in the last decades, resident and circulating stem cells were imaged to drive arterial calcification through chondro-osteogenic differentiation thus opening the idea that an active mechanism could be at the basis of the process that clinically shows a Janus effect: calcifications either lead to the stabilization or rupture of the atherosclerotic plaques. A review of the literature underlines that 130 years after stem cell discovery, antigenic markers of stem cells are still debated and the identification of the osteoprogenitor phenotype is even more elusive due to tissue degradation occurring at processing and manipulation. It is necessary to find a consensus to perform comparable studies that implies phenotypic recognition of stem cells antigens. A hypothesis is based on the singular morphology and amitotic mechanism of division of osteoclasts: it constitutes the opening to a new approach on osteoprogenitors markers and recognition. Our aim was to highlight all the present evidences of the active calcification process, summarize the different cellular types involved, and discuss a novel approach to discover osteoprogenitor phenotypes in arterial wall.展开更多
基金Supported by Educational grant by Smith and Nephew
文摘AIM: To compare seven commercially available bone graft substitutes(BGS) in terms of these properties and without using any additional biological growth factors.METHODS: Porcine osteoprogenitor cells were loaded on seven commercially available BGS and allowed to proliferate for one week followed by osteogenic induction. Staining for live/dead cells as well as scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was carried out to determine viability and cellular binding. Further outcome measures included alkaline phosphatase(ALP) assays with normalisation for DNA content to quantify osteogenic potential. Negative and positive control experiments were carried out in parallel to validate the results.RESULTS: Live/dead and SEM imaging showed higher viability and attachment with β-tricalcium phosphate(β-TCP) than with other BGS(P < 0.05). The average ALP activity in nmol/mL(normalised value for DNA content in nmol/μg DNA) per sample was 657.58(132.03) for β-TCP, 36.22(unable to normalise) for calcium sulphate, 19.93(11.39) for the Hydroxyapatite/Tricalcium Phosphate composite, 14.79(18.53) for polygraft, 13.98(8.15) for the highly porous β-Tricalcium Phosphate, 5.56(10.0) for polymers, and 3.82(3.8) for Hydroxyapatite.CONCLUSION: Under the above experimental conditions, β-TCP was able to maintain better the viability of osteoprogenitor cells and allow proliferation and differentiation(P < 0.05).
文摘目的:构建重组甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白(parathyroid hormone related protein,PTHrP)1-36并观察其在促进牙槽骨骨形成中的作用。方法:构建pGEX-2TK/PTHrP1-36原核表达载体,表达重组小鼠PTHrP1-36蛋白。通过处理小鼠原代骨髓间充质细胞和卵巢切除致颌骨疏松的小鼠,体外和体内观察重组PTHrP1-36在促进牙槽骨骨形成中的作用。采用SPSS 10.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:实验结果显示,pGEX-2TK/PTHrP1-36原核表达载体构建成功,IPTG可诱导新生蛋白表达。体外处理小鼠骨髓细胞,发现重组PTHrP1-36蛋白可以增加总成纤维细胞克隆形成单位(CFU-f)、碱性磷酸酶阳性的CFU-f和钙化结节的数目。在卵巢切除致颌骨疏松的小鼠体内注射重组PTHrP1-36蛋白,发现小鼠牙槽骨骨密度增加。H-E染色以及骨胶原染色显示,牙槽骨骨量明显增加。结论:重组PTHrP1-36可促进骨髓间充质细胞的成骨分化,促进牙槽骨骨密度和骨量的增加,提示PTHrP1-36在促进牙槽骨形成中具有积极作用。
文摘The term "Stammzelle"(stem cells) originally appeared in 1868 in the works of Ernst Haeckel who used it to describe the ancestor unicellular organism from which he presumed all multicellular organisms evolved. Since then stem cells have been studied in a wide spectrum of normal and pathological conditions; it is remarkable to note that ectopic arterial calcification was considered a passive deposit of calcium since its original discovering in 1877; in the last decades, resident and circulating stem cells were imaged to drive arterial calcification through chondro-osteogenic differentiation thus opening the idea that an active mechanism could be at the basis of the process that clinically shows a Janus effect: calcifications either lead to the stabilization or rupture of the atherosclerotic plaques. A review of the literature underlines that 130 years after stem cell discovery, antigenic markers of stem cells are still debated and the identification of the osteoprogenitor phenotype is even more elusive due to tissue degradation occurring at processing and manipulation. It is necessary to find a consensus to perform comparable studies that implies phenotypic recognition of stem cells antigens. A hypothesis is based on the singular morphology and amitotic mechanism of division of osteoclasts: it constitutes the opening to a new approach on osteoprogenitors markers and recognition. Our aim was to highlight all the present evidences of the active calcification process, summarize the different cellular types involved, and discuss a novel approach to discover osteoprogenitor phenotypes in arterial wall.
