INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） was earlier defined as ＂hyperglycemia first recognized during pregnancy＂ and has more recently been described by American Diabetes Association （ADA） （2012） as d...INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） was earlier defined as ＂hyperglycemia first recognized during pregnancy＂ and has more recently been described by American Diabetes Association （ADA） （2012） as diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes. The hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes study （HAPO） demonstrated that the risk of adverse maternal,fetal,and neonatal outcomes continuously increase as a function of maternal glycemia at 24-28 weeks,even within ranges previously considered normal for pregnancy.展开更多
目的:研究75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)不同时间点血糖指标与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)产妇妊娠结局的关系。方法:403例GDM产妇,其75 g OGTT结果中仅1项血糖升高为A组(空腹血糖升高为A1组,1小时血糖升高为A2组,2小时血糖升高为A3组),2项血糖...目的:研究75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)不同时间点血糖指标与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)产妇妊娠结局的关系。方法:403例GDM产妇,其75 g OGTT结果中仅1项血糖升高为A组(空腹血糖升高为A1组,1小时血糖升高为A2组,2小时血糖升高为A3组),2项血糖升高为B组(空腹及1小时血糖升高为B1组,空腹及2小时血糖升高为B2组,1小时及2小时血糖升高为B3组),3项血糖升高为C组。回顾性分析孕妇一般资料和妊娠结局。结果:A、B、C 3组孕妇甲状腺功能减退、妊娠期高血压疾病、剖宫产发生率及新生儿体质量指数(BMI)、胸围、巨大儿、早产、转入新生儿科发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),C组母儿不良结局发生率高于A、B组;A2组新生儿BMI、胸围、胎儿窘迫及剖宫产发生率高于A1和A3组(P<0.05);B3组巨大儿及剖宫产发生率低于B1与B2组。结论:75 g OGTT 3项时间点血糖均升高的GDM产妇母儿不良结局增加;空腹及任何1项服糖后血糖升高时,产妇剖宫产及新生儿巨大儿发生率增加;1小时血糖升高和新生儿BMI可能有关。展开更多
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) was recently proposed to be renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) with the diagnostic criteria revised. We investigated the similaritie...Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) was recently proposed to be renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) with the diagnostic criteria revised. We investigated the similarities and differences in the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MAFLD and NAFLD in Chinese adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 9980 Chinese individuals aged 40 years or older was performed between 2011 and 2012 using randomized, stratifed cluster sampling in Shanghai, China. A detailed questionnaire and the results of abdominal ultrasonography, a standardized 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and blood biochemical examinations were collected. Results: A total of 9927 subjects were included in this study. The prevalence of MAFLD(40.3%) was significantly higher than that of NAFLD(36.9%)( P < 0.05). MAFLD was highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)(53.8%), impaired fasting glucose(35.7%) and impaired glucose tolerance(40.9%). High risk of advanced fbrosis based on fbrosis-4 was highly prevalent(14.7%) in lean MAFLD with T2DM. Among 9927 subjects, 3481(35.1%) fulflled the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD and NAFLD(MAFLD + NAFLD +), 521(5.2%) MAFLD + NAFLD-, and 181(1.8%) MAFLD-NAFLD +. The MAFLD + NAFLD-group had more signifcant metabolic disorders than those in the MAFLD + NAFLD + group(all P < 0.05). Among MAFLD-NAFLD + subjects, 82.9% had metabolic disorders. Conclusions: The new defnition of MAFLD may better reflect the pathogenesis related to metabolism. Future research should focus on studying the natural history, pathogenesis and treatment effectivity of the overlap and non-overlap of NAFLD and MAFLD subjects.展开更多
文摘INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） was earlier defined as ＂hyperglycemia first recognized during pregnancy＂ and has more recently been described by American Diabetes Association （ADA） （2012） as diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt diabetes. The hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes study （HAPO） demonstrated that the risk of adverse maternal,fetal,and neonatal outcomes continuously increase as a function of maternal glycemia at 24-28 weeks,even within ranges previously considered normal for pregnancy.
文摘目的:研究75 g口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)不同时间点血糖指标与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)产妇妊娠结局的关系。方法:403例GDM产妇,其75 g OGTT结果中仅1项血糖升高为A组(空腹血糖升高为A1组,1小时血糖升高为A2组,2小时血糖升高为A3组),2项血糖升高为B组(空腹及1小时血糖升高为B1组,空腹及2小时血糖升高为B2组,1小时及2小时血糖升高为B3组),3项血糖升高为C组。回顾性分析孕妇一般资料和妊娠结局。结果:A、B、C 3组孕妇甲状腺功能减退、妊娠期高血压疾病、剖宫产发生率及新生儿体质量指数(BMI)、胸围、巨大儿、早产、转入新生儿科发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),C组母儿不良结局发生率高于A、B组;A2组新生儿BMI、胸围、胎儿窘迫及剖宫产发生率高于A1和A3组(P<0.05);B3组巨大儿及剖宫产发生率低于B1与B2组。结论:75 g OGTT 3项时间点血糖均升高的GDM产妇母儿不良结局增加;空腹及任何1项服糖后血糖升高时,产妇剖宫产及新生儿巨大儿发生率增加;1小时血糖升高和新生儿BMI可能有关。
基金supported by grants from the Collaborative Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (2020CXJQ01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81873565 and 82100605)+2 种基金Shanghai Jiao Tong University Transmed Awards Research (20190104)Star Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (YG2021QN54)Hospital Funded Clinical Research,Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (17CSK04 and 15LC06)。
文摘Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) was recently proposed to be renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD) with the diagnostic criteria revised. We investigated the similarities and differences in the prevalence and clinical characteristics of MAFLD and NAFLD in Chinese adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 9980 Chinese individuals aged 40 years or older was performed between 2011 and 2012 using randomized, stratifed cluster sampling in Shanghai, China. A detailed questionnaire and the results of abdominal ultrasonography, a standardized 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and blood biochemical examinations were collected. Results: A total of 9927 subjects were included in this study. The prevalence of MAFLD(40.3%) was significantly higher than that of NAFLD(36.9%)( P < 0.05). MAFLD was highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)(53.8%), impaired fasting glucose(35.7%) and impaired glucose tolerance(40.9%). High risk of advanced fbrosis based on fbrosis-4 was highly prevalent(14.7%) in lean MAFLD with T2DM. Among 9927 subjects, 3481(35.1%) fulflled the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD and NAFLD(MAFLD + NAFLD +), 521(5.2%) MAFLD + NAFLD-, and 181(1.8%) MAFLD-NAFLD +. The MAFLD + NAFLD-group had more signifcant metabolic disorders than those in the MAFLD + NAFLD + group(all P < 0.05). Among MAFLD-NAFLD + subjects, 82.9% had metabolic disorders. Conclusions: The new defnition of MAFLD may better reflect the pathogenesis related to metabolism. Future research should focus on studying the natural history, pathogenesis and treatment effectivity of the overlap and non-overlap of NAFLD and MAFLD subjects.
