Low temperature together with snow/freezing rain is disastrous in winter over southern China.Previous studies suggest that this is related to the sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies,especially La Nina conditions,ove...Low temperature together with snow/freezing rain is disastrous in winter over southern China.Previous studies suggest that this is related to the sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies,especially La Nina conditions,over the equatorial central–eastern Pacific Ocean(EP).In reality,however,La Nina episodes are not always accompanied by rainy/snowy/icy(CRSI)days in southern China,such as the case in winter 2020/2021.Is there any other factor that works jointly with the EP SST to affect the winter CRSI weather in southern China?To address this question,CRSI days are defined and calculated based on station observation data,and the related SST anomalies and atmospheric circulations are examined based on the Hadley Centre SST data and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for winters of1978/1979–2017/2018.The results indicate that the CRSI weather with more CRSI days is featured with both decreased temperature and increased winter precipitation over southern China.The SSTs over both the EP and the southeastern Indian Ocean(SIO)are closely related to the CRSI days in southern China with correlation coefficients of-0.29 and 0.39,significant at the 90%and 95%confidence levels,respectively.The SST over EP affects significantly air temperature,as revealed by previous studies,with cooler EP closely related to the deepened East Asian trough,which benefits stronger East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)and lower air temperature in southern China.Nevertheless,this paper discovers that the SST over SIO affects precipitation of southern China,with a correlation coefficient of 0.42,significant at the 99%confidence level,with warmer SIO correlated with deepened southern branch trough(SBT)and strengthened western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone(WNPAC),favoring more water vapor convergence and enhanced precipitation in southern China.Given presence of La Ni?a in both winters,compared to the winter of 2020/2021,the winter of 2021/2022 witnessed more CRSI days,perhaps due to the warmer SIO.展开更多
利用1979—2021年格点化数据集CN05.1月平均气温资料、欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)ERA5(ECMWF Reanalysis v5)大气再分析资料和全球范围扩展重建海面温度资料第5版本(Extended Rec...利用1979—2021年格点化数据集CN05.1月平均气温资料、欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)ERA5(ECMWF Reanalysis v5)大气再分析资料和全球范围扩展重建海面温度资料第5版本(Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature version 5,ERSSTv5)月平均海面温度(以下简称“海温”)资料,对2021年9月长江以南地区高温异常及其和同期南印度洋海温异常的联系进行了分析。研究结果如下:2021年9月,中国东部长江以南地区出现高温异常事件,高温异常值约为3.33℃,去除长期趋势后高温异常值约为2.46℃,是近40 a来9月最高值。进一步研究表明,长江以南地区温度异常和南印度洋海温异常存在联系。2021年9月南印度洋大部分区域冷海温异常,对流层低层辐散异常、高层辐合异常,海洋性大陆(Maritime Continent,MC)区域低层辐合异常、高层辐散异常,受异常上升运动控制,上述环流异常引起东亚地区局地哈得来环流增强,长江以南地区受异常下沉气流控制,高温异常。另一方面,热带东南印度洋暖海温异常,通过Matsuno-Gill响应,引起MC至热带西太平洋对流层低层东风异常,使得西北太平洋副热带高压强度偏强且范围偏西,有利于维持长江以南的异常下沉运动。非绝热加热异常的诊断结果亦显示,南印度洋的冷海温异常可通过调节MC区域的非绝热加热异常使长江以南地区的非绝热加热负异常,长江以南地区下沉运动所引起的垂直温度平流正异常对该地区高温异常作出了贡献。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42088101)Joint Open Project of KLME&CIC-FEMD,NUIST(KLME202212)。
文摘Low temperature together with snow/freezing rain is disastrous in winter over southern China.Previous studies suggest that this is related to the sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies,especially La Nina conditions,over the equatorial central–eastern Pacific Ocean(EP).In reality,however,La Nina episodes are not always accompanied by rainy/snowy/icy(CRSI)days in southern China,such as the case in winter 2020/2021.Is there any other factor that works jointly with the EP SST to affect the winter CRSI weather in southern China?To address this question,CRSI days are defined and calculated based on station observation data,and the related SST anomalies and atmospheric circulations are examined based on the Hadley Centre SST data and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for winters of1978/1979–2017/2018.The results indicate that the CRSI weather with more CRSI days is featured with both decreased temperature and increased winter precipitation over southern China.The SSTs over both the EP and the southeastern Indian Ocean(SIO)are closely related to the CRSI days in southern China with correlation coefficients of-0.29 and 0.39,significant at the 90%and 95%confidence levels,respectively.The SST over EP affects significantly air temperature,as revealed by previous studies,with cooler EP closely related to the deepened East Asian trough,which benefits stronger East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)and lower air temperature in southern China.Nevertheless,this paper discovers that the SST over SIO affects precipitation of southern China,with a correlation coefficient of 0.42,significant at the 99%confidence level,with warmer SIO correlated with deepened southern branch trough(SBT)and strengthened western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone(WNPAC),favoring more water vapor convergence and enhanced precipitation in southern China.Given presence of La Ni?a in both winters,compared to the winter of 2020/2021,the winter of 2021/2022 witnessed more CRSI days,perhaps due to the warmer SIO.
文摘利用1979—2021年格点化数据集CN05.1月平均气温资料、欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)ERA5(ECMWF Reanalysis v5)大气再分析资料和全球范围扩展重建海面温度资料第5版本(Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature version 5,ERSSTv5)月平均海面温度(以下简称“海温”)资料,对2021年9月长江以南地区高温异常及其和同期南印度洋海温异常的联系进行了分析。研究结果如下:2021年9月,中国东部长江以南地区出现高温异常事件,高温异常值约为3.33℃,去除长期趋势后高温异常值约为2.46℃,是近40 a来9月最高值。进一步研究表明,长江以南地区温度异常和南印度洋海温异常存在联系。2021年9月南印度洋大部分区域冷海温异常,对流层低层辐散异常、高层辐合异常,海洋性大陆(Maritime Continent,MC)区域低层辐合异常、高层辐散异常,受异常上升运动控制,上述环流异常引起东亚地区局地哈得来环流增强,长江以南地区受异常下沉气流控制,高温异常。另一方面,热带东南印度洋暖海温异常,通过Matsuno-Gill响应,引起MC至热带西太平洋对流层低层东风异常,使得西北太平洋副热带高压强度偏强且范围偏西,有利于维持长江以南的异常下沉运动。非绝热加热异常的诊断结果亦显示,南印度洋的冷海温异常可通过调节MC区域的非绝热加热异常使长江以南地区的非绝热加热负异常,长江以南地区下沉运动所引起的垂直温度平流正异常对该地区高温异常作出了贡献。
