目的探讨以颈部淋巴结转移为首发症状的隐匿性甲状腺癌(occult carcinoma of the thyroid,OCT)的诊断策略及治疗方案。方法回顾性收集2003年2月至2013年2月期间笔者所在医院收治的35例以颈部淋巴结肿大为首发症状的OCT病例,分析其临床...目的探讨以颈部淋巴结转移为首发症状的隐匿性甲状腺癌(occult carcinoma of the thyroid,OCT)的诊断策略及治疗方案。方法回顾性收集2003年2月至2013年2月期间笔者所在医院收治的35例以颈部淋巴结肿大为首发症状的OCT病例,分析其临床特点、诊断方法、手术方式、术后复发及死亡情况,结合OCT相关文献资料,讨论正确的诊断方法及手术方式。结果 35例患者中,因为颈部淋巴结肿大而就诊者28例,7例体检时行彩超检查发现;彩超发现甲状腺结节32例,未提示甲状腺结节3例。行颈部淋巴结超声引导下的细针穿刺细胞学检查(US-FNAB)23例,结果表明恶性及可疑恶性16例,占69.56%。行甲状腺结节穿刺者21例,结果表明恶性及可疑恶性者11例,占52.38%。35患者中,行不规范手术5例,行腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术11例,行全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术19例。本组所有患者均获访3~10年,中位数为7年。随访期间,复发10例,其中不规范手术组3例,腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组5例,全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术组2例;随访期间,死亡3例,其中不规范手术组、腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组及全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术组各有1例。全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术组患者的复发率低于不规范手术组(χ~2=4.751,P<0.05)和腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组(χ~2=5.874,P<0.05),但不规范手术组和腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组的复发率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.291,P>0.05);3组患者的死亡率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 USFNAB和术中快速冰冻病理切片是诊断OCT的重要手段,规范化手术是治疗以颈部淋巴结肿大为首发症状的OCT的重要方式。展开更多
Background As an uncommon presentation, occult primary breast cancer remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. This study aimed to retrospectively assess the feasibility of breast magnetic r...Background As an uncommon presentation, occult primary breast cancer remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. This study aimed to retrospectively assess the feasibility of breast magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） in patients with malignant axillary lymphadenopathy and unknown primary malignancy, and correlation with histopathological characteristics. Methods A total of 35 women with occult breast carcinoma were evaluated with dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI. Whole seriate section was used in all cases. MRI performance was assessed and correlated with histopathological findings. Results Twenty-one of 35 patients were found to have primary breast carcinoma histologically. Twenty of the 21 patients had abnormal MR findings and 1 patient had a normal MRI study. Of the remaining 14 patients, 10 were negative on both MRI and surgery. Four had suspicious enhancement on MRI and no corresponding tumor was found. Lesions with mass enhancement were found in 55% （11/20） and ductual and segmental enhancement in 45%. The average diameter of the primary tumors was 15 mm. Invasive ductal carcinomas were found in 81% （17/21）. One of 17 invasive ductual carcinomas was too small to be graded. Fourteen of the remaining 16 were classified as grade II and 2 as grade I Thirty-two of the 35 patients had received estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 examinations and the 12 of 32 were triple-negative breast carcinoma. Conclusions Mass lesions with small size and lesions with ductal or segment enhancement are common MRI features in patients with occult breast cancer. The dominant types of primary tumors are invasive ductal carcinoma with moderate histopathological grade. The rate of triple-negative breast carcinoma may be higher in occult breast cancer.展开更多
Background The surgical management of occult breast cancer is controversial.We compared the outcomes of different treatments of occult breast cancer and evaluated the potential prognostic factors for overall survival ...Background The surgical management of occult breast cancer is controversial.We compared the outcomes of different treatments of occult breast cancer and evaluated the potential prognostic factors for overall survival and recurrence.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 77 patients who presented to our hospital from 1968 to 2011 with a diagnosis of occult breast cancer.Patients were divided into three groups：42 patients （63％） were treated with modified radical mastectomy＋axillary lymph node dissection （ALND）,16 patients （24％） were treated with ALND＋postoperative radiotherapy,and 9 patients （13％） with only ALND.Survival analyses were undertaken to compare the efficacy of these three treatments.Results Of the 77 patients with occult breast cancer,2 patients were lost to follow-up and 8 patients refused surgical treatment：67 patients （90.4％） were included in this analysis.The median follow-up was 62.2 （0.6-328.0）months.Kaplan-Meier analyses showed no significant difference in overall survival and recurrence-free survival between the three groups （P=0.494 and 0.397,respectively）.The prevalence of local recurrence was 11.9％ for the mastectomy＋ALND,18.8％ for ALND＋radiotherapy,and 11.1％ for ALND-only groups,and those for distant recurrence were 2.4％,12.5％,and 11.1％,respectively.Compared with progesterone receptor-negative subjects,progesterone receptor-positive patients had better overall survival and lower recurrence rates （P=0.057 and 0.062,respectively）.Conclusions There was no significant difference in outcomes between mastectomy and breast-preserving surgery.Expression of the progesterone receptor should be taken into account when evaluating the prognosis of occult breast cancer.展开更多
文摘目的探讨以颈部淋巴结转移为首发症状的隐匿性甲状腺癌(occult carcinoma of the thyroid,OCT)的诊断策略及治疗方案。方法回顾性收集2003年2月至2013年2月期间笔者所在医院收治的35例以颈部淋巴结肿大为首发症状的OCT病例,分析其临床特点、诊断方法、手术方式、术后复发及死亡情况,结合OCT相关文献资料,讨论正确的诊断方法及手术方式。结果 35例患者中,因为颈部淋巴结肿大而就诊者28例,7例体检时行彩超检查发现;彩超发现甲状腺结节32例,未提示甲状腺结节3例。行颈部淋巴结超声引导下的细针穿刺细胞学检查(US-FNAB)23例,结果表明恶性及可疑恶性16例,占69.56%。行甲状腺结节穿刺者21例,结果表明恶性及可疑恶性者11例,占52.38%。35患者中,行不规范手术5例,行腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术11例,行全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术19例。本组所有患者均获访3~10年,中位数为7年。随访期间,复发10例,其中不规范手术组3例,腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组5例,全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术组2例;随访期间,死亡3例,其中不规范手术组、腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组及全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术组各有1例。全甲状腺切除+侧颈区功能性淋巴结清扫术组患者的复发率低于不规范手术组(χ~2=4.751,P<0.05)和腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组(χ~2=5.874,P<0.05),但不规范手术组和腺叶切除+峡部切除+侧颈区区域性淋巴结清扫术组的复发率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.291,P>0.05);3组患者的死亡率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 USFNAB和术中快速冰冻病理切片是诊断OCT的重要手段,规范化手术是治疗以颈部淋巴结肿大为首发症状的OCT的重要方式。
基金This study was supported by grants from the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University （No. IRT0743） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81001187）.
文摘Background As an uncommon presentation, occult primary breast cancer remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in clinical practice. This study aimed to retrospectively assess the feasibility of breast magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） in patients with malignant axillary lymphadenopathy and unknown primary malignancy, and correlation with histopathological characteristics. Methods A total of 35 women with occult breast carcinoma were evaluated with dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI. Whole seriate section was used in all cases. MRI performance was assessed and correlated with histopathological findings. Results Twenty-one of 35 patients were found to have primary breast carcinoma histologically. Twenty of the 21 patients had abnormal MR findings and 1 patient had a normal MRI study. Of the remaining 14 patients, 10 were negative on both MRI and surgery. Four had suspicious enhancement on MRI and no corresponding tumor was found. Lesions with mass enhancement were found in 55% （11/20） and ductual and segmental enhancement in 45%. The average diameter of the primary tumors was 15 mm. Invasive ductal carcinomas were found in 81% （17/21）. One of 17 invasive ductual carcinomas was too small to be graded. Fourteen of the remaining 16 were classified as grade II and 2 as grade I Thirty-two of the 35 patients had received estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 examinations and the 12 of 32 were triple-negative breast carcinoma. Conclusions Mass lesions with small size and lesions with ductal or segment enhancement are common MRI features in patients with occult breast cancer. The dominant types of primary tumors are invasive ductal carcinoma with moderate histopathological grade. The rate of triple-negative breast carcinoma may be higher in occult breast cancer.
文摘Background The surgical management of occult breast cancer is controversial.We compared the outcomes of different treatments of occult breast cancer and evaluated the potential prognostic factors for overall survival and recurrence.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 77 patients who presented to our hospital from 1968 to 2011 with a diagnosis of occult breast cancer.Patients were divided into three groups：42 patients （63％） were treated with modified radical mastectomy＋axillary lymph node dissection （ALND）,16 patients （24％） were treated with ALND＋postoperative radiotherapy,and 9 patients （13％） with only ALND.Survival analyses were undertaken to compare the efficacy of these three treatments.Results Of the 77 patients with occult breast cancer,2 patients were lost to follow-up and 8 patients refused surgical treatment：67 patients （90.4％） were included in this analysis.The median follow-up was 62.2 （0.6-328.0）months.Kaplan-Meier analyses showed no significant difference in overall survival and recurrence-free survival between the three groups （P=0.494 and 0.397,respectively）.The prevalence of local recurrence was 11.9％ for the mastectomy＋ALND,18.8％ for ALND＋radiotherapy,and 11.1％ for ALND-only groups,and those for distant recurrence were 2.4％,12.5％,and 11.1％,respectively.Compared with progesterone receptor-negative subjects,progesterone receptor-positive patients had better overall survival and lower recurrence rates （P=0.057 and 0.062,respectively）.Conclusions There was no significant difference in outcomes between mastectomy and breast-preserving surgery.Expression of the progesterone receptor should be taken into account when evaluating the prognosis of occult breast cancer.
