背景:强迫症患者(Obsessive Compulsive Disorder,OCD)与强迫型人格障碍患者(Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder,OCPD)的认知功能还没有得到充分的研究。目标:验证OCD和OCPD患者的认知灵活性和计划能力。方法:本研究在德黑兰...背景:强迫症患者(Obsessive Compulsive Disorder,OCD)与强迫型人格障碍患者(Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder,OCPD)的认知功能还没有得到充分的研究。目标:验证OCD和OCPD患者的认知灵活性和计划能力。方法:本研究在德黑兰心理咨询门诊选定了25例OCD患者和20例OCPD患者,他们在既往两周都没有服药,并且从大学工作人员和当地社区居民中选定了25名健康对照者。对所有参与者均进行28项一般健康问卷(28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire,GHQ-28)、威斯康星卡片分类测验(Wisconsin Card Sorting Test,WCST)、和伦敦塔试验(Tower of London test,TOL))。本研究运用WCTS的两个测量指标(持续错误数和完成分类数)评估认知灵活性以及TOL的三个测量指标(12个试验总共的移动次数、总应答时和计划时间)评估计划能力。结果:2组患者的当前心理困扰程度显著高于对照组。在控制人口学因素和心理困扰水平后,OCD患者和OCPD患者在WCST测试中比对照组更容易出现持续性错误,而OCD患者(不包括OCPD患者)的完成分类数比对照组显著减少。OCD患者和OCDP患者都比对照组需要更多的移动次数来完成12项TOL任务,并且OCD患者比OCPD患者和对照组需要花更长的时间来完成任务。结论:与健康对照组相比,OCD和OCPD患者的认知灵活性和计划能力都有所受损,并且OCD和OCPD患者之间的认知功能测试也存在一些差异。我们需要对OCD和OCPD患者进行长期随访研究评估在强迫症状严重性加重与减轻时认知功能的改变,从而决定此类认知评估指标对于强迫症是否有诊断或临床关联性。展开更多
Patients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder(OCPD) often refer to a prompt mood improvement upon encountering good scents in general, or fresh laundry borax on their clothes, pillows or home settings. The A...Patients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder(OCPD) often refer to a prompt mood improvement upon encountering good scents in general, or fresh laundry borax on their clothes, pillows or home settings. The Authors propose the new term psychic euosmia in the mean of an overstated psychological predisposition for a real pleasant smell that elicits an immediate sense of pleasure, order and calm. The prompt reactions to a pleasant odor might be explained by the involvement of rhinencephalon and its proximity to mood-related limbic circuits, which bypass the cognitive awareness. Cleanliness may not preclude a subject to enjoy a good smell, even if we are representing smells that resemble freshness, in other words order. A potentially even more important argument is given by the continuum of personality disorders and their variability. Not all personality characteristics led to disturbed behaviors. In evolutionary perspectives having the ability to differentiate between unpleasant and pleasant odors should have made the difference in surviving. On the other hand, psychic euosmia could be considered a normal reaction, but in our clinical experience it is over-represented among OCPD subjects with marked orderliness and disgust. Therefore, detecting psychic euosmia might vicariously confirm the relevance of disgust as a cognitive driver of OCPD. Hereby we support research to characterize psychic euosmia as a feature of orderliness and cleanliness for OCPD.展开更多
文摘背景:强迫症患者(Obsessive Compulsive Disorder,OCD)与强迫型人格障碍患者(Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder,OCPD)的认知功能还没有得到充分的研究。目标:验证OCD和OCPD患者的认知灵活性和计划能力。方法:本研究在德黑兰心理咨询门诊选定了25例OCD患者和20例OCPD患者,他们在既往两周都没有服药,并且从大学工作人员和当地社区居民中选定了25名健康对照者。对所有参与者均进行28项一般健康问卷(28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire,GHQ-28)、威斯康星卡片分类测验(Wisconsin Card Sorting Test,WCST)、和伦敦塔试验(Tower of London test,TOL))。本研究运用WCTS的两个测量指标(持续错误数和完成分类数)评估认知灵活性以及TOL的三个测量指标(12个试验总共的移动次数、总应答时和计划时间)评估计划能力。结果:2组患者的当前心理困扰程度显著高于对照组。在控制人口学因素和心理困扰水平后,OCD患者和OCPD患者在WCST测试中比对照组更容易出现持续性错误,而OCD患者(不包括OCPD患者)的完成分类数比对照组显著减少。OCD患者和OCDP患者都比对照组需要更多的移动次数来完成12项TOL任务,并且OCD患者比OCPD患者和对照组需要花更长的时间来完成任务。结论:与健康对照组相比,OCD和OCPD患者的认知灵活性和计划能力都有所受损,并且OCD和OCPD患者之间的认知功能测试也存在一些差异。我们需要对OCD和OCPD患者进行长期随访研究评估在强迫症状严重性加重与减轻时认知功能的改变,从而决定此类认知评估指标对于强迫症是否有诊断或临床关联性。
文摘Patients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder(OCPD) often refer to a prompt mood improvement upon encountering good scents in general, or fresh laundry borax on their clothes, pillows or home settings. The Authors propose the new term psychic euosmia in the mean of an overstated psychological predisposition for a real pleasant smell that elicits an immediate sense of pleasure, order and calm. The prompt reactions to a pleasant odor might be explained by the involvement of rhinencephalon and its proximity to mood-related limbic circuits, which bypass the cognitive awareness. Cleanliness may not preclude a subject to enjoy a good smell, even if we are representing smells that resemble freshness, in other words order. A potentially even more important argument is given by the continuum of personality disorders and their variability. Not all personality characteristics led to disturbed behaviors. In evolutionary perspectives having the ability to differentiate between unpleasant and pleasant odors should have made the difference in surviving. On the other hand, psychic euosmia could be considered a normal reaction, but in our clinical experience it is over-represented among OCPD subjects with marked orderliness and disgust. Therefore, detecting psychic euosmia might vicariously confirm the relevance of disgust as a cognitive driver of OCPD. Hereby we support research to characterize psychic euosmia as a feature of orderliness and cleanliness for OCPD.
