BACKGROUND: The role of prophylactic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reduction of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is debated. We performed a meta-analysis of ...BACKGROUND: The role of prophylactic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reduction of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is debated. We performed a meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of NSAIDs in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis. DATA SOURCES: Searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Six randomized clinical trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and addressed the clinical questions of this analysis were further assessed. Data were extracted by two independent observers according to predetermined criteria. RESULTS: The risk of pancreatitis was lower in the NSAID group than in the placebo, group (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.65, P < 0.0001). Two hours after ERCP, prophylactic administration of NSAIDs was associated with a lower serum amylase level (WMD: -91.09,95% CI: -149.78 to -32.40, P=0.002), but there was no difference in mean 24-hour serum amylase values (WMD: -379.00, 95% CI: -805.75 to 47.76, P=0.08). No deaths or NSAID-related complications were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic administration of NSAIDs can reduce the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis; this administration in patients undergoing ERCP is recommended. Further randomized controlled trials are required before its introduction into routine care.展开更多
Cohesive scientific evidence from molecular, animal, and human investigations supports the hypothesis that constitutive overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) is a ubiquitous driver of mammary carcinogenesis, and r...Cohesive scientific evidence from molecular, animal, and human investigations supports the hypothesis that constitutive overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) is a ubiquitous driver of mammary carcinogenesis, and reciprocally, that COX-2 blockade has strong potential for breast cancer prevention and therapy. Key findings include the following:(1) COX-2 is constitutively expressed throughout breast cancer development and expression intensifies with stage at detection, cancer progression and metastasis;(2) essential features of mammary carcinogenesis(mutagenesis, mitogenesis, angiogenesis, reduced apoptosis, metastasis and immunosuppression) are linked to COX-2-driven prostaglandin E2(PGE-2) biosynthesis;(3) upregulation of COX-2 and PGE-2 expression induces transcription of CYP-19 and aromatase-catalyzed estrogen biosynthesis which stimulates unbridled mitogenesis;(4) extrahe-patic CYP-1B1 in mammary adipose tissue converts paracrine estrogen to carcinogenic quinones with mutagenic impact; and(5) agents that inhibit COX-2 reduce the risk of breast cancer in women without disease and reduce recurrence risk and mortality in women with breast cancer. Recent sharp increases in global breast cancer incidence and mortality are likely driven by chronic inflammation of mammary adipose and upregulation of COX-2 associated with the obesity pandemic. The totality of evidence clearly supports the supposition that mammary carcinogenesis often evolves as a progressive series of highly specific cellular and molecular changes in response to induction of constitutive overexpression of COX-2 and the prostaglandin cascade in the "inflammogenesis of breast cancer".展开更多
目的:比较帕瑞昔布与氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛效果。方法:60例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级妇科腹腔镜手术的患者,随机分3组,各20例。A组帕瑞昔布超前镇痛,B组氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛;C组生理盐水对照组。记录麻醉药用量,测麻醉前30 min(T1),气腹后30 min(T2),气...目的:比较帕瑞昔布与氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛效果。方法:60例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级妇科腹腔镜手术的患者,随机分3组,各20例。A组帕瑞昔布超前镇痛,B组氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛;C组生理盐水对照组。记录麻醉药用量,测麻醉前30 min(T1),气腹后30 min(T2),气腹后60 min(T3)和术毕2 h(T4)血清IL-6水平及血压、心率的变化并观测术后24 h内VAS,BCS评分及不良反应。结果:A,B组较C组减少了术中麻醉药用量;各组术后血清IL-6水平均升高,T3,T4时C组IL-6水平高于A,B组(P<0.05);术后2,6 h C组VAS评分高于A,B组,术后12 h B,C组高于A组(P<0.05);术后12 h内A组BCS评分高于C组,术后2,6 h B组高于C组(P<0.05)。结论:帕瑞昔布钠与氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛均可减轻术后疼痛,降低炎症反应,以帕瑞昔布钠效果较好。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND: The role of prophylactic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for reduction of pancreatitis after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is debated. We performed a meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of NSAIDs in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis. DATA SOURCES: Searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library. Six randomized clinical trials that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and addressed the clinical questions of this analysis were further assessed. Data were extracted by two independent observers according to predetermined criteria. RESULTS: The risk of pancreatitis was lower in the NSAID group than in the placebo, group (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.65, P < 0.0001). Two hours after ERCP, prophylactic administration of NSAIDs was associated with a lower serum amylase level (WMD: -91.09,95% CI: -149.78 to -32.40, P=0.002), but there was no difference in mean 24-hour serum amylase values (WMD: -379.00, 95% CI: -805.75 to 47.76, P=0.08). No deaths or NSAID-related complications were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic administration of NSAIDs can reduce the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis; this administration in patients undergoing ERCP is recommended. Further randomized controlled trials are required before its introduction into routine care.
文摘Cohesive scientific evidence from molecular, animal, and human investigations supports the hypothesis that constitutive overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) is a ubiquitous driver of mammary carcinogenesis, and reciprocally, that COX-2 blockade has strong potential for breast cancer prevention and therapy. Key findings include the following:(1) COX-2 is constitutively expressed throughout breast cancer development and expression intensifies with stage at detection, cancer progression and metastasis;(2) essential features of mammary carcinogenesis(mutagenesis, mitogenesis, angiogenesis, reduced apoptosis, metastasis and immunosuppression) are linked to COX-2-driven prostaglandin E2(PGE-2) biosynthesis;(3) upregulation of COX-2 and PGE-2 expression induces transcription of CYP-19 and aromatase-catalyzed estrogen biosynthesis which stimulates unbridled mitogenesis;(4) extrahe-patic CYP-1B1 in mammary adipose tissue converts paracrine estrogen to carcinogenic quinones with mutagenic impact; and(5) agents that inhibit COX-2 reduce the risk of breast cancer in women without disease and reduce recurrence risk and mortality in women with breast cancer. Recent sharp increases in global breast cancer incidence and mortality are likely driven by chronic inflammation of mammary adipose and upregulation of COX-2 associated with the obesity pandemic. The totality of evidence clearly supports the supposition that mammary carcinogenesis often evolves as a progressive series of highly specific cellular and molecular changes in response to induction of constitutive overexpression of COX-2 and the prostaglandin cascade in the "inflammogenesis of breast cancer".
文摘目的:比较帕瑞昔布与氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛效果。方法:60例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级妇科腹腔镜手术的患者,随机分3组,各20例。A组帕瑞昔布超前镇痛,B组氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛;C组生理盐水对照组。记录麻醉药用量,测麻醉前30 min(T1),气腹后30 min(T2),气腹后60 min(T3)和术毕2 h(T4)血清IL-6水平及血压、心率的变化并观测术后24 h内VAS,BCS评分及不良反应。结果:A,B组较C组减少了术中麻醉药用量;各组术后血清IL-6水平均升高,T3,T4时C组IL-6水平高于A,B组(P<0.05);术后2,6 h C组VAS评分高于A,B组,术后12 h B,C组高于A组(P<0.05);术后12 h内A组BCS评分高于C组,术后2,6 h B组高于C组(P<0.05)。结论:帕瑞昔布钠与氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛均可减轻术后疼痛,降低炎症反应,以帕瑞昔布钠效果较好。
