AIM: To evaluate the effects of nitroester drugs on human sphincter of Oddi (SO) motility and their antagonistic effects against morphine which shows excitatory effect on Oddi's sphincter motility.METHODS: The eff...AIM: To evaluate the effects of nitroester drugs on human sphincter of Oddi (SO) motility and their antagonistic effects against morphine which shows excitatory effect on Oddi's sphincter motility.METHODS: The effects of these drugs on SO were evaluated by means of choledochofiberoscopy manometry.A total of 67 patients having T-tubes after cholecystectomy and choledochotomy were involved in the study, they were randomly divided into glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) group,isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) group, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PTN) group, morphine associated with GTN group, morphine associated with ISDN group and morphine associated with PTN group. Basal pressure of Oddi's sphincter (BPOS), amplitude of phasic contractions (SOCA), frequency of phasic contractions (SOF), duration of phasic contractions (SOD), duodenal pressure (DP) and common bile duct pressure (CBDP) were scored and analyzed. Morphine was given intramuscularly while nitroester drugs were applied sublingually.RESULTS: BPOS and SOCA decreased significantly after administration of ISDN and GTN, BPOS reduced from 10.95±7.49 mmHg to 5.92±4.04 mmHg (P＜0.05) evidently after application of PTN. BPOS increased from 7.37±5.58mmHg to 16.60±13.87 mmHg, SOCA increased from 54.09±38.37 mmHg to 100.70±43.51 mmHg, SOF increased from 7.15±3.20 mmHg to 10.38±2.93 mmHg and CBDP increased 3.75±1.95 mmHg to 10.49±8.21 mmHg (P＜0.01)evidently after injection of morphine. After associated application of ISDN and GTN, the four indications above decreased obviously. As for application associated with PTN,SOCA and SOF decreased separately from 100.64±44.99mmHg to 66.17±35.88 mmHg and from 10.70±2.76 mmHg to 9.04±1.71 mmHg (P＜0.05) markedly.CONCLUSION: The regular dose of GTN, ISDN and PTN showed inhibitory effect on SO motility, morphine showed excitatory effect on SO while GTN, ISDN and PTN could antagonize the effect of morphine. Among the three nitroester drugs, the effect of ISDN on SO was most significant.展开更多
Some explosive mixtures detonating at low velocity were experimentally investigated. Detonation velocity and critical diameter were measured for mixtures,being different in composition and density. An attempt of physi...Some explosive mixtures detonating at low velocity were experimentally investigated. Detonation velocity and critical diameter were measured for mixtures,being different in composition and density. An attempt of physical and chemical interpretation of results obtained is also included.展开更多
利用等键反应,以密度泛函方法对24种硝酸酯化合物的生成焓进行了计算,并将其中5种化合物的计算结果与实验值作了对比。计算中采用的基组为6-31G**和6-311G**。计算结果表明:B3PW91/6-31G**方法可以得到可信的生成焓,平均绝对偏差为4.5 k...利用等键反应,以密度泛函方法对24种硝酸酯化合物的生成焓进行了计算,并将其中5种化合物的计算结果与实验值作了对比。计算中采用的基组为6-31G**和6-311G**。计算结果表明:B3PW91/6-31G**方法可以得到可信的生成焓,平均绝对偏差为4.5 k J/mol。进一步利用B3PW91/6-31G**方法计算了其他19种硝酸酯化合物的生成焓。计算结果表明:对于直链硝酸酯化合物,当亚甲基基团数目增加时,计算得到的生成焓减少,放出的热量更多。展开更多
文摘AIM: To evaluate the effects of nitroester drugs on human sphincter of Oddi (SO) motility and their antagonistic effects against morphine which shows excitatory effect on Oddi's sphincter motility.METHODS: The effects of these drugs on SO were evaluated by means of choledochofiberoscopy manometry.A total of 67 patients having T-tubes after cholecystectomy and choledochotomy were involved in the study, they were randomly divided into glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) group,isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) group, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PTN) group, morphine associated with GTN group, morphine associated with ISDN group and morphine associated with PTN group. Basal pressure of Oddi's sphincter (BPOS), amplitude of phasic contractions (SOCA), frequency of phasic contractions (SOF), duration of phasic contractions (SOD), duodenal pressure (DP) and common bile duct pressure (CBDP) were scored and analyzed. Morphine was given intramuscularly while nitroester drugs were applied sublingually.RESULTS: BPOS and SOCA decreased significantly after administration of ISDN and GTN, BPOS reduced from 10.95±7.49 mmHg to 5.92±4.04 mmHg (P＜0.05) evidently after application of PTN. BPOS increased from 7.37±5.58mmHg to 16.60±13.87 mmHg, SOCA increased from 54.09±38.37 mmHg to 100.70±43.51 mmHg, SOF increased from 7.15±3.20 mmHg to 10.38±2.93 mmHg and CBDP increased 3.75±1.95 mmHg to 10.49±8.21 mmHg (P＜0.01)evidently after injection of morphine. After associated application of ISDN and GTN, the four indications above decreased obviously. As for application associated with PTN,SOCA and SOF decreased separately from 100.64±44.99mmHg to 66.17±35.88 mmHg and from 10.70±2.76 mmHg to 9.04±1.71 mmHg (P＜0.05) markedly.CONCLUSION: The regular dose of GTN, ISDN and PTN showed inhibitory effect on SO motility, morphine showed excitatory effect on SO while GTN, ISDN and PTN could antagonize the effect of morphine. Among the three nitroester drugs, the effect of ISDN on SO was most significant.
文摘Some explosive mixtures detonating at low velocity were experimentally investigated. Detonation velocity and critical diameter were measured for mixtures,being different in composition and density. An attempt of physical and chemical interpretation of results obtained is also included.
文摘利用等键反应,以密度泛函方法对24种硝酸酯化合物的生成焓进行了计算,并将其中5种化合物的计算结果与实验值作了对比。计算中采用的基组为6-31G**和6-311G**。计算结果表明:B3PW91/6-31G**方法可以得到可信的生成焓,平均绝对偏差为4.5 k J/mol。进一步利用B3PW91/6-31G**方法计算了其他19种硝酸酯化合物的生成焓。计算结果表明:对于直链硝酸酯化合物,当亚甲基基团数目增加时,计算得到的生成焓减少,放出的热量更多。
