MicroRNAs(miRNAs)play an important regulatory role in neuronal growth and development.Different mi RNAs target different genes to protect neurons in different ways,such as by avoiding apoptosis,preventing degeneration...MicroRNAs(miRNAs)play an important regulatory role in neuronal growth and development.Different mi RNAs target different genes to protect neurons in different ways,such as by avoiding apoptosis,preventing degeneration mediated by conditional mediators,preventing neuronal loss,weakening certain neurotoxic mechanisms,avoiding damage to neurons,and reducing inflammatory damage to them.The high expression of mi RNAs in the brain has significantly facilitated their development as protective targets for therapy,including neuroprotection and neuronal recovery.mi RNA is indispensable to the growth and development of neurons,and in turn,is beneficial for the development of the brain and checking the progression of various diseases of the nervous system.It can thus be used as an important therapeutic target for models of various diseases.This review provides an introduction to the protective effects of mi RNA on neurons in case of different diseases or damage models,and then provides reference values and reflections on the relevant treatments for the benefit of future research in the area.展开更多
Compared with other stem cells,human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural progenitor cells(iPSC-NPCs)are more similar to cortical neurons in morphology and immunohistochemistry.Thus,they have greater potentia...Compared with other stem cells,human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural progenitor cells(iPSC-NPCs)are more similar to cortical neurons in morphology and immunohistochemistry.Thus,they have greater potential for promoting the survival and growth of neurons and alleviating the proliferation of astrocytes.Transplantation of stem cell exosomes and stem cells themselves have both been shown to effectively repair nerve injury.However,there is no study on the protective effects of exosomes derived from iPSC-NPCs on oxygen and glucose deprived neurons.In this study,we established an oxygen-glucose deprivation model in embryonic cortical neurons of the rat by culturing the neurons in an atmosphere of 95%N2 and 5%CO2 for 1 hour and then treated them with iPSC-NPC-derived exosomes for 30 minutes.Our results showed that iPSC-NPC-derived exosomes increased the survival of oxygen-and glucose-deprived neurons and the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the culture medium.Additionally,it attenuated oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced changes in the expression of the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway as well as synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the neurons.Further,it increased the length of the longest neurite in the oxygen-and glucose-deprived neurons.These findings validate the hypothesis that exosomes from iPSCNPCs exhibit a neuroprotective effect on oxygen-and glucose-deprived neurons by regulating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway and neurite outgrowth.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,China(approval No.SRRSH20191010)on October 10,2019.展开更多
Remote myocardial preconditioning can protect myocardium. Some bioactive substances released from noncardiac tissues which suffer from ischemia and reperfusion protects the heart by neuronal and humoral paths. Precond...Remote myocardial preconditioning can protect myocardium. Some bioactive substances released from noncardiac tissues which suffer from ischemia and reperfusion protects the heart by neuronal and humoral paths. Preconditioning at a distance can attenuate myocardial intracellular acidosis and Ca2+ overload,reduce neutrophil and platelet infiltration, protect mitochondrial function and reduce free radicals. This method is simple to apply and have some clinical value. In order to safely apply this method to clinic, a further study on the remote myocardial preconditioning and its mechanism is necessary.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81801208(to LSO)Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,No.202102080053(to YF)+1 种基金Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,No.202007030001(to YMT)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou,No.202102020027(to ZL)。
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs)play an important regulatory role in neuronal growth and development.Different mi RNAs target different genes to protect neurons in different ways,such as by avoiding apoptosis,preventing degeneration mediated by conditional mediators,preventing neuronal loss,weakening certain neurotoxic mechanisms,avoiding damage to neurons,and reducing inflammatory damage to them.The high expression of mi RNAs in the brain has significantly facilitated their development as protective targets for therapy,including neuroprotection and neuronal recovery.mi RNA is indispensable to the growth and development of neurons,and in turn,is beneficial for the development of the brain and checking the progression of various diseases of the nervous system.It can thus be used as an important therapeutic target for models of various diseases.This review provides an introduction to the protective effects of mi RNA on neurons in case of different diseases or damage models,and then provides reference values and reflections on the relevant treatments for the benefit of future research in the area.
基金This work was supported by the Foundation of Zhejiang Provincial Basic Public Welfare Research Program of China,No.LGF19H090024(to XYX)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China,No.LY17H090006(to WYL)National Natural Science foundation of China,No.81901073(to QBZ).
文摘Compared with other stem cells,human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural progenitor cells(iPSC-NPCs)are more similar to cortical neurons in morphology and immunohistochemistry.Thus,they have greater potential for promoting the survival and growth of neurons and alleviating the proliferation of astrocytes.Transplantation of stem cell exosomes and stem cells themselves have both been shown to effectively repair nerve injury.However,there is no study on the protective effects of exosomes derived from iPSC-NPCs on oxygen and glucose deprived neurons.In this study,we established an oxygen-glucose deprivation model in embryonic cortical neurons of the rat by culturing the neurons in an atmosphere of 95%N2 and 5%CO2 for 1 hour and then treated them with iPSC-NPC-derived exosomes for 30 minutes.Our results showed that iPSC-NPC-derived exosomes increased the survival of oxygen-and glucose-deprived neurons and the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the culture medium.Additionally,it attenuated oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced changes in the expression of the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway as well as synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the neurons.Further,it increased the length of the longest neurite in the oxygen-and glucose-deprived neurons.These findings validate the hypothesis that exosomes from iPSCNPCs exhibit a neuroprotective effect on oxygen-and glucose-deprived neurons by regulating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway and neurite outgrowth.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,China(approval No.SRRSH20191010)on October 10,2019.
文摘Remote myocardial preconditioning can protect myocardium. Some bioactive substances released from noncardiac tissues which suffer from ischemia and reperfusion protects the heart by neuronal and humoral paths. Preconditioning at a distance can attenuate myocardial intracellular acidosis and Ca2+ overload,reduce neutrophil and platelet infiltration, protect mitochondrial function and reduce free radicals. This method is simple to apply and have some clinical value. In order to safely apply this method to clinic, a further study on the remote myocardial preconditioning and its mechanism is necessary.
