Denervation often results in skeletal muscle atrophy.Different mechanisms seem to be involved in the determination between denervated slow and fast skeletal muscle atrophy.At the epigenetic level,mi RNAs are thought t...Denervation often results in skeletal muscle atrophy.Different mechanisms seem to be involved in the determination between denervated slow and fast skeletal muscle atrophy.At the epigenetic level,mi RNAs are thought to be highly involved in the pathophysiological progress of denervated muscles.We used mi RNA microarrays to determine mi RNA expression profiles from a typical slow muscle（soleus muscle） and a typical fast muscle（tibialis anterior muscle） at an early denervation stage in a rat model.Results showed that mi R-206,mi R-195,mi R-23 a,and mi R-30 e might be key factors in the transformation process from slow to fast muscle in denervated slow muscles.Additionally,certain mi RNA molecules（mi R-214,mi R-221,mi R-222,mi R-152,mi R-320,and Let-7e） could be key regulatory factors in the denervated atrophy process involved in fast muscle.Analysis of signaling pathway networks revealed the mi RNA molecules that were responsible for regulating certain signaling pathways,which were the final targets（e.g.,p38 MAPK pathway; Pax3/Pax7 regulates Utrophin and follistatin by HDAC4; IGF1/PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway regulates atrogin-1 and Mu RF1 expression via Fox O phosphorylation）.Our results provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of denervated skeletal muscle pathophysiology.展开更多
Angong Niuhuang pill, a Chinese materia medica preparation, can improve neurological func-tions after acute ischemic stroke. Because of its inconvenient application and toxic components （Cinnabaris andRealgar）, we u...Angong Niuhuang pill, a Chinese materia medica preparation, can improve neurological func-tions after acute ischemic stroke. Because of its inconvenient application and toxic components （Cinnabaris andRealgar）, we used transdermal enhancers to deliverAngong Niuhuang pill by modern technology, which expanded the safe dose range and clinical indications. In this study, Angong Niuhuang stickers administered at different point application doses （1.35, 2.7, and 5.4 g/kg） were administered to theDazhui （DU14）, Qihai（RN6） andMingmen （DU4） of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia, for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze was used to determine the learning and memory ability of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining were used to observe neuronal damage of the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia. The middle- and high-dose point application ofAngong Niuhuangstickers attenuated neuronal damage in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region, and improved the memory of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia with an efifcacy similar to interventions by electroacupuncture at Dazhui （DU14）,Qihai （RN6） andMingmen （DU4）. Our experimental ifndings indicate that point application withAngong Niuhuang stickers can improve cognitive function after chronic cerebral ischemia in rats and is neuroprotective with an equivalent efifcacy to acupuncture.展开更多
MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous,short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions.MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves,including peripheral ...MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous,short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions.MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves,including peripheral nerve repair and regeneration.Previously,using a rat sciatic nerve injury model,we identified many functionally annotated novel microRNAs,including miR-sc14.Here,we used real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to examine miR-sc14 expression in rat sciatic nerve stumps.Our results show that miRsc14 is noticeably altered following sciatic nerve injury,being up-regulated at 1 day and diminished at 7 days.EdU and transwell chamber assay results showed that miR-sc14 mimic promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells,while miR-sc14 inhiThe study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).bitor suppressed their proliferation and migration.Additionally,bioinformatic analysis examined potential target genes of miR-sc14,and found that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 might be a potential target gene.Specifically,our results show changes of miR-sc14 expression in the sciatic nerve of rats at different time points after nerve injury.Appropriately,up-regulation of miR-sc14 promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells.Consequently,miR-sc14 may be an intervention target to promote repair of peripheral nerve injury.The study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).展开更多
目的观察醒脑开窍针法联合乌灵胶囊治疗卒中后抑郁的临床疗效及对患者自噬相关蛋白水平的影响。方法将132例卒中后抑郁患者按随机数字表法分为对照组(66例)和联合组(66例)。两组均接受常规治疗,对照组另予口服乌灵胶囊治疗,联合组另予...目的观察醒脑开窍针法联合乌灵胶囊治疗卒中后抑郁的临床疗效及对患者自噬相关蛋白水平的影响。方法将132例卒中后抑郁患者按随机数字表法分为对照组(66例)和联合组(66例)。两组均接受常规治疗,对照组另予口服乌灵胶囊治疗,联合组另予醒脑开窍针法联合口服乌灵胶囊治疗。比较两组临床疗效和不良反应发生率。观察治疗前后两组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)、汉密顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)和日常生活能力量表(activity of daily living,ADL)的评分变化。比较两组治疗前后血清炎症因子[白介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和核因子-κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)]的水平以及自噬相关蛋白[微管相关蛋白1轻链3-Ⅱ(microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-Ⅱ,LC3-Ⅱ)、自噬底物蛋白(autophagy substrate protein,p62)和自噬相关蛋白1(autophagy related protein 1,Beclin1)]的水平。结果联合组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后HAMD和NIHSS评分均降低(P<0.05),ADL评分均升高(P<0.05);联合组治疗后HAMD和NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),ADL评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和NF-κB水平均降低(P<0.05);联合组治疗后上述血清炎症因子水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后血清Beclin1和LC3-Ⅱ水平均降低(P<0.05),血清p62水平均升高(P<0.05);联合组治疗后血清Beclin1和LC3-Ⅱ水平低于对照组(P<0.05),血清p62水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在常规治疗基础上,醒脑开窍针法联合乌灵胶囊治疗卒中后抑郁可以改善患者抑郁程度和神经功能、提高日常生活能力、降低炎症反应及减轻自噬程度,疗�展开更多
How to irmrporate certain constraints known a prion into the transfer function to redure thenumber of hidden units of an MFNN in solving some specific probems is disussed. The N-bit parity andsymmetrical problems are ...How to irmrporate certain constraints known a prion into the transfer function to redure thenumber of hidden units of an MFNN in solving some specific probems is disussed. The N-bit parity andsymmetrical problems are used as examples and the derivation of the transfer function based on the a privriknowledge of the input patterns is given. It is shown that by use of the method proposed, only onc hiddenunit is needed in solving the parity and symmetry test problems.展开更多
Returning to moon has become a top topic recently. Many studies have shown that soft landing is a challenging problem in lunar exploration. The lunar soft landing in this paper begins from a 100 km circular lunar park...Returning to moon has become a top topic recently. Many studies have shown that soft landing is a challenging problem in lunar exploration. The lunar soft landing in this paper begins from a 100 km circular lunar parking orbit. Once the landing area has been selected and it is time to deorbit for landing, a ΔV burn of 19.4 m/s is performed to establish a 100×15 km elliptical orbit. At perilune, the landing jets are ignited, and a propulsive landing is performed. A guidance and control scheme for lunar soft landing is proposed in the paper, which combines optimal theory with nonlinear neuro-control. Basically, an optimal nonlinear control law based on artificial neural network is presented, on the basis of the optimum trajectory from perilune to lunar surface in terms of Pontryagin's maximum principle according to the terminal boundary conditions and performance index. Therefore some optimal control laws can be carried out in the soft landing system due to the nonlinear mapping function of the neural network. The feasibility and validity of the control laws are verified in a simulation experiment.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81101365,81171722 and 81000805
文摘Denervation often results in skeletal muscle atrophy.Different mechanisms seem to be involved in the determination between denervated slow and fast skeletal muscle atrophy.At the epigenetic level,mi RNAs are thought to be highly involved in the pathophysiological progress of denervated muscles.We used mi RNA microarrays to determine mi RNA expression profiles from a typical slow muscle（soleus muscle） and a typical fast muscle（tibialis anterior muscle） at an early denervation stage in a rat model.Results showed that mi R-206,mi R-195,mi R-23 a,and mi R-30 e might be key factors in the transformation process from slow to fast muscle in denervated slow muscles.Additionally,certain mi RNA molecules（mi R-214,mi R-221,mi R-222,mi R-152,mi R-320,and Let-7e） could be key regulatory factors in the denervated atrophy process involved in fast muscle.Analysis of signaling pathway networks revealed the mi RNA molecules that were responsible for regulating certain signaling pathways,which were the final targets（e.g.,p38 MAPK pathway; Pax3/Pax7 regulates Utrophin and follistatin by HDAC4; IGF1/PI3K/Akt/m TOR pathway regulates atrogin-1 and Mu RF1 expression via Fox O phosphorylation）.Our results provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of denervated skeletal muscle pathophysiology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81403458a grant from Cultivation Project Foundation for Youth Technological Talents of Southern Medical University,No.B1012015
文摘Angong Niuhuang pill, a Chinese materia medica preparation, can improve neurological func-tions after acute ischemic stroke. Because of its inconvenient application and toxic components （Cinnabaris andRealgar）, we used transdermal enhancers to deliverAngong Niuhuang pill by modern technology, which expanded the safe dose range and clinical indications. In this study, Angong Niuhuang stickers administered at different point application doses （1.35, 2.7, and 5.4 g/kg） were administered to theDazhui （DU14）, Qihai（RN6） andMingmen （DU4） of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia, for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze was used to determine the learning and memory ability of rats. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Nissl staining were used to observe neuronal damage of the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia. The middle- and high-dose point application ofAngong Niuhuangstickers attenuated neuronal damage in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 region, and improved the memory of rats with chronic cerebral ischemia with an efifcacy similar to interventions by electroacupuncture at Dazhui （DU14）,Qihai （RN6） andMingmen （DU4）. Our experimental ifndings indicate that point application withAngong Niuhuang stickers can improve cognitive function after chronic cerebral ischemia in rats and is neuroprotective with an equivalent efifcacy to acupuncture.
基金supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China
文摘MicroRNAs refer to a class of endogenous,short non-coding RNAs that mediate numerous biological functions.MicroRNAs regulate various physiological and pathological activities of peripheral nerves,including peripheral nerve repair and regeneration.Previously,using a rat sciatic nerve injury model,we identified many functionally annotated novel microRNAs,including miR-sc14.Here,we used real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to examine miR-sc14 expression in rat sciatic nerve stumps.Our results show that miRsc14 is noticeably altered following sciatic nerve injury,being up-regulated at 1 day and diminished at 7 days.EdU and transwell chamber assay results showed that miR-sc14 mimic promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells,while miR-sc14 inhiThe study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).bitor suppressed their proliferation and migration.Additionally,bioinformatic analysis examined potential target genes of miR-sc14,and found that fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 might be a potential target gene.Specifically,our results show changes of miR-sc14 expression in the sciatic nerve of rats at different time points after nerve injury.Appropriately,up-regulation of miR-sc14 promoted proliferation and migration of Schwann cells.Consequently,miR-sc14 may be an intervention target to promote repair of peripheral nerve injury.The study was approved by the Jiangsu Provincial Laboratory Animal Management Committee,China on March 4,2015(approval No.20150304-004).
文摘目的观察醒脑开窍针法联合乌灵胶囊治疗卒中后抑郁的临床疗效及对患者自噬相关蛋白水平的影响。方法将132例卒中后抑郁患者按随机数字表法分为对照组(66例)和联合组(66例)。两组均接受常规治疗,对照组另予口服乌灵胶囊治疗,联合组另予醒脑开窍针法联合口服乌灵胶囊治疗。比较两组临床疗效和不良反应发生率。观察治疗前后两组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)、汉密顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)和日常生活能力量表(activity of daily living,ADL)的评分变化。比较两组治疗前后血清炎症因子[白介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和核因子-κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)]的水平以及自噬相关蛋白[微管相关蛋白1轻链3-Ⅱ(microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-Ⅱ,LC3-Ⅱ)、自噬底物蛋白(autophagy substrate protein,p62)和自噬相关蛋白1(autophagy related protein 1,Beclin1)]的水平。结果联合组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后HAMD和NIHSS评分均降低(P<0.05),ADL评分均升高(P<0.05);联合组治疗后HAMD和NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),ADL评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后血清IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和NF-κB水平均降低(P<0.05);联合组治疗后上述血清炎症因子水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后血清Beclin1和LC3-Ⅱ水平均降低(P<0.05),血清p62水平均升高(P<0.05);联合组治疗后血清Beclin1和LC3-Ⅱ水平低于对照组(P<0.05),血清p62水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在常规治疗基础上,醒脑开窍针法联合乌灵胶囊治疗卒中后抑郁可以改善患者抑郁程度和神经功能、提高日常生活能力、降低炎症反应及减轻自噬程度,疗�
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘How to irmrporate certain constraints known a prion into the transfer function to redure thenumber of hidden units of an MFNN in solving some specific probems is disussed. The N-bit parity andsymmetrical problems are used as examples and the derivation of the transfer function based on the a privriknowledge of the input patterns is given. It is shown that by use of the method proposed, only onc hiddenunit is needed in solving the parity and symmetry test problems.
基金supported by Office of Naval Research(ONR)(Grant No.N00014-13-1-0338)Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91130005)
文摘We prove that for analytic functions in low dimension, the convergence rate of the deep neural network approximation is exponential.
文摘Returning to moon has become a top topic recently. Many studies have shown that soft landing is a challenging problem in lunar exploration. The lunar soft landing in this paper begins from a 100 km circular lunar parking orbit. Once the landing area has been selected and it is time to deorbit for landing, a ΔV burn of 19.4 m/s is performed to establish a 100×15 km elliptical orbit. At perilune, the landing jets are ignited, and a propulsive landing is performed. A guidance and control scheme for lunar soft landing is proposed in the paper, which combines optimal theory with nonlinear neuro-control. Basically, an optimal nonlinear control law based on artificial neural network is presented, on the basis of the optimum trajectory from perilune to lunar surface in terms of Pontryagin's maximum principle according to the terminal boundary conditions and performance index. Therefore some optimal control laws can be carried out in the soft landing system due to the nonlinear mapping function of the neural network. The feasibility and validity of the control laws are verified in a simulation experiment.
