The sponge-associated fungus Nectria sp.HLS206,which belongs to the order of Hypocreales,was isolated from the marine sponge Gelliodes carnosa collected from the South China Sea.The secondary metabolites of the fungus...The sponge-associated fungus Nectria sp.HLS206,which belongs to the order of Hypocreales,was isolated from the marine sponge Gelliodes carnosa collected from the South China Sea.The secondary metabolites of the fungus were isolated.From the solid cultures,five compounds were purified,which are chalmicrin（1）,hypocrealesate（2）,fucosterol（3）,stigmasterol（4） and β-sitosterol（5）.The structures of the 5 compounds were elucidated by ESI-MS,1D and 2D NMR spectra（COSY,HMQC and HMBC）.To the best of our knowledge,it is the first time compound 1 was isolated from the order of Hypocreales,and the spectral data of compound 2 are also firstly reported.展开更多
This study presents the first report of Bionectria pseudochroleuca(Bionectriaceae)on Prunus sp.(Rosaceae)from northern Thailand,based on both morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses of inter...This study presents the first report of Bionectria pseudochroleuca(Bionectriaceae)on Prunus sp.(Rosaceae)from northern Thailand,based on both morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribe spacer(ITS)and Beta-tubulin(TUB2).展开更多
The genus Thelonectria and closely related species with cylindrocarpon-like asexual states are a group of perithecial ascomycetes in the family Nectriaceae that occur as saprobes and in few cases as pathogens of hardw...The genus Thelonectria and closely related species with cylindrocarpon-like asexual states are a group of perithecial ascomycetes in the family Nectriaceae that occur as saprobes and in few cases as pathogens of hardwood trees,shrubs or other plants.Although a key component of forest ecosystems around the world,species relationships and distributions of these fungi are largely unknown.The objectives of this study were to:1)infer species rank phylogenetic relationships of the genus Thelonectria and closely related species with cylindrocarpon-like asexual states and test the monophyly of each of the groups studied;2)delimit taxa establishing taxon circumscriptions;3)resolve nomenclatural issues by identifying redundantly used names and synonyms;and 4)provide an updated outline to the genus,geographical distributions data and identification tools,specifically diagnostic keys and molecular data that can be used as molecular barcodes.The recovered consensus phylogeny resulted in a narrow circumscription of the genus Thelonectria,based on the type T.discophora,excluding one of the common species T.jungneri.According to the phylogenetic analyses,T.jungneri belongs in a segregate clade that should be recognized as a different genus.In the genus Thelonectria,a total of four new species and three new combinations are recognized.Additionally,three new genera,closely related to Thelonectria,are described to accommodate species displaying a morphological resemblance to those of Thelonectria:Cinnamomeonectria gen.nov.with C.cinnamomea as type species,Macronectria gen.nov.with M.jungneri as type species and including four additional newly described species,and Tumenectria gen.nov.with T.laetidisca as type species.展开更多
The wilt disease of Bambusa ventricosa was a serious disease occured in Nanping city, Fujian Province. The symptoms of the disease, identification, inoculation, biological characteristics of the causal organism and bi...The wilt disease of Bambusa ventricosa was a serious disease occured in Nanping city, Fujian Province. The symptoms of the disease, identification, inoculation, biological characteristics of the causal organism and bionomics of the wilt disease were studied. The species was identified as Nectria ditissima Tul. at sexual phase, and as Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Rav. at anamorphic state. The causal organism of wilt disease grew vigorously on the PSA and PSA+10% decoction of culm media, and formed white coloured colonies. After incubation of 7 days at 28℃, a great amount of macroconidia was produced, no stroma and perithecia were formed after 30 days. The stroma and ascospore were only produced under natural condition. The preference temperature for mycelia growth was between 25～28℃, and the optimum pH values was at 6～7. The optimum temperature for conidia and ascospores germination was between 25～28℃, and the optimum pH values was at 6～7. The high relative humidity (RH 96.1%～100%) was necessary for the germination of conidia and ascospores. The results of experiments showed that the pathogen of the wilt disease overwintered on the soil, and disseminated by winds and rains to infect the wounded stem base of Bambusa ventricosa. The primary infection occurred from the last ten days of February or the first days of March. The peak infection occurred from the first ten days of March to the second ten days of April during early summer rains. The infection ceased from the second ten days or the last ten days of May. The freeze injury was possibly important factor to induce infection of the wilt disease.展开更多
基金National Science and Technology Project of China(Grant No.2009ZX09301-003-4-1)
文摘The sponge-associated fungus Nectria sp.HLS206,which belongs to the order of Hypocreales,was isolated from the marine sponge Gelliodes carnosa collected from the South China Sea.The secondary metabolites of the fungus were isolated.From the solid cultures,five compounds were purified,which are chalmicrin（1）,hypocrealesate（2）,fucosterol（3）,stigmasterol（4） and β-sitosterol（5）.The structures of the 5 compounds were elucidated by ESI-MS,1D and 2D NMR spectra（COSY,HMQC and HMBC）.To the best of our knowledge,it is the first time compound 1 was isolated from the order of Hypocreales,and the spectral data of compound 2 are also firstly reported.
文摘This study presents the first report of Bionectria pseudochroleuca(Bionectriaceae)on Prunus sp.(Rosaceae)from northern Thailand,based on both morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribe spacer(ITS)and Beta-tubulin(TUB2).
基金funded by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) PEET grant DEB-0731510 ‘Monographic Studies in the Nectriaceae,Hypocreales:Nectria,Cosmospora,and Neonectria’ to P. Chaverri,A.Y. Rossman,and G.J. Samuels
基金This study was funded by a grant from United States National Science Foundation(PEET program)DEB-0925696。
文摘The genus Thelonectria and closely related species with cylindrocarpon-like asexual states are a group of perithecial ascomycetes in the family Nectriaceae that occur as saprobes and in few cases as pathogens of hardwood trees,shrubs or other plants.Although a key component of forest ecosystems around the world,species relationships and distributions of these fungi are largely unknown.The objectives of this study were to:1)infer species rank phylogenetic relationships of the genus Thelonectria and closely related species with cylindrocarpon-like asexual states and test the monophyly of each of the groups studied;2)delimit taxa establishing taxon circumscriptions;3)resolve nomenclatural issues by identifying redundantly used names and synonyms;and 4)provide an updated outline to the genus,geographical distributions data and identification tools,specifically diagnostic keys and molecular data that can be used as molecular barcodes.The recovered consensus phylogeny resulted in a narrow circumscription of the genus Thelonectria,based on the type T.discophora,excluding one of the common species T.jungneri.According to the phylogenetic analyses,T.jungneri belongs in a segregate clade that should be recognized as a different genus.In the genus Thelonectria,a total of four new species and three new combinations are recognized.Additionally,three new genera,closely related to Thelonectria,are described to accommodate species displaying a morphological resemblance to those of Thelonectria:Cinnamomeonectria gen.nov.with C.cinnamomea as type species,Macronectria gen.nov.with M.jungneri as type species and including four additional newly described species,and Tumenectria gen.nov.with T.laetidisca as type species.
文摘The wilt disease of Bambusa ventricosa was a serious disease occured in Nanping city, Fujian Province. The symptoms of the disease, identification, inoculation, biological characteristics of the causal organism and bionomics of the wilt disease were studied. The species was identified as Nectria ditissima Tul. at sexual phase, and as Fusarium semitectum Berk. & Rav. at anamorphic state. The causal organism of wilt disease grew vigorously on the PSA and PSA+10% decoction of culm media, and formed white coloured colonies. After incubation of 7 days at 28℃, a great amount of macroconidia was produced, no stroma and perithecia were formed after 30 days. The stroma and ascospore were only produced under natural condition. The preference temperature for mycelia growth was between 25～28℃, and the optimum pH values was at 6～7. The optimum temperature for conidia and ascospores germination was between 25～28℃, and the optimum pH values was at 6～7. The high relative humidity (RH 96.1%～100%) was necessary for the germination of conidia and ascospores. The results of experiments showed that the pathogen of the wilt disease overwintered on the soil, and disseminated by winds and rains to infect the wounded stem base of Bambusa ventricosa. The primary infection occurred from the last ten days of February or the first days of March. The peak infection occurred from the first ten days of March to the second ten days of April during early summer rains. The infection ceased from the second ten days or the last ten days of May. The freeze injury was possibly important factor to induce infection of the wilt disease.
