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深部天然核反应堆——一种可能的山脉隆升动力源 被引量:4
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作者 匡耀求 张本仁 欧阳建平 《地质论评》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2001年第2期119-128,共10页
板块碰撞造山模式难以解释造山作用在时间上的“滞后”和在空间上的“差位”现象。大量研究表明山脉隆升的动力来自深部,因此,探索深部地质过程的物理和化学机制及其导致的能量再分配是认识山脉隆升动力学机制的关键。若干线索表明地幔... 板块碰撞造山模式难以解释造山作用在时间上的“滞后”和在空间上的“差位”现象。大量研究表明山脉隆升的动力来自深部,因此,探索深部地质过程的物理和化学机制及其导致的能量再分配是认识山脉隆升动力学机制的关键。若干线索表明地幔中的核反应可能在岩石圈动力学演化过程中起过不可忽视的作用。通过分析U、Th等元素的地球化学性质及其在深变质过程中的行为,认为伴随板块俯冲发生的陆壳物质向地幔的再循环有可能在软流圈顶部形成富含U、Th、K等放射性亲石元素和碳质(石墨)的地质体。通过理论上的论证和对Oklo天然核反应堆遗迹的反演表明这些地质体可能有一部分具备了形成天然石墨核反应堆的条件。这种反应堆在亚临界状态下的断续运行有可能为其上方岩石圈中的岩浆作用提供热源,进入超临界状态时将可能导致深部核爆炸,成为地震、火山爆发和岩石圈破裂的动力来源。据此建立的山脉隆升的动力学初步模式,可以解释造山带的形成、高原的隆升、深源地震及其前兆的成因和金刚石及其相关岩石在地壳浅部置位的机制。 展开更多
关键词 天然核反应堆 造山作用 地幔 幔源物质 动力学机制
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A New View of the Mass Extinctions and the Worldwide Floods 被引量:2
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作者 Alexander N. Safronov 《International Journal of Geosciences》 2020年第4期251-287,共37页
In this study, the reasons for mass extinction in Jurassic were investigated. It was shown that galactic compression led to the activation of terrestrial nuclear reactors, which in turn led to the changes in tectonic ... In this study, the reasons for mass extinction in Jurassic were investigated. It was shown that galactic compression led to the activation of terrestrial nuclear reactors, which in turn led to the changes in tectonic activity, volcano eruptions, LIPs, MORBs, paleoclimate change, drift of continents, narrowing of the Earth, worldwide floods, tsunami, changes in mantle and core structures, in magnetic fields and in sedimentary isotopes. It was shown that the mass extinctions occurred during worldwide floods, caused by the narrowing of the Earth at the time of galactic gravitational compression. It was shown that the average statistical altitude distribution of dinosaurs has a bimodal distribution and corresponds to permanent migrations between the plains and the hills. It has been suggested that the skeletons of dinosaurs are well preserved as a result of covering the bodies of dinosaurs with mud flows of coastal sediments and the soil layers at worldwide tsunami. It was formulated the requirement to paleontology, consisting in the obligatory registration of altitudes of the actual place of the fossils found. The simple explanation of the presence of boundaries in the structure of the Earth is given: the 40K nuclear layer corresponds to the boundary between upper and lower mantle;the 137Cs layer located on the boundary between the lower mantle and the outer core;the Th-U nuclear layer is a border between outer and inner core. The previously abstract theories of subduction and continents drift have a clear and obvious physical sense. It was shown that the standard geological table is a registration book of galactic events during Paleozoic. It is proposed to restore the structure of the galactic arms by the geological deposits on the Earth. It was suggested to create the stations on elevated hills for rescue and regeneration of biological forms in the future. 展开更多
关键词 PLANET Size Milky Way Galaxy natural nuclear reactor Mass EXTINCTION Sea Level WORLDWIDE FLOOD JURASSIC FOSSILS
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天然地震的动力,源于地球自身的核能
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作者 郭德胜 《科技视界》 2018年第3期19-22,共4页
根据方法论,研究地壳的运动和形变,必须从物质的物理角度和化学角度进行全面的分析总结。物体自身发生形变,产生动力的主要途径是物理变化、化学变化及和核裂变,物体的动能与势能导致物体形变或移动,物质发生化学变化,形成化学能,导致... 根据方法论,研究地壳的运动和形变,必须从物质的物理角度和化学角度进行全面的分析总结。物体自身发生形变,产生动力的主要途径是物理变化、化学变化及和核裂变,物体的动能与势能导致物体形变或移动,物质发生化学变化,形成化学能,导致物体形变或移动。而动能、势能、化学能、核能是物质自身形成动力的绝对因素。根据多年的细致的研究发现,地球内部即存在物理变化,又存在化学变化,在地球内部的物质化学变化中,各种物质之间相互转化,形成新的无机物、有机物,单质及核能,而这些物质都具有能量释放的特性,形成动力。对照地下能量物质与地震产生的位置,可以得出,地震发生的位置与核物质存在的位置有着非常密切的关系,再结合大量事实及文献,根据地震与能量物质的一系列复杂关系,循序渐进的逻辑分析、推导,推论出这样一个事实,天然地震的动力,来源于地球内的核能。 展开更多
关键词 铀矿 裂变 聚变 衰变 半衰期 中子 地震 天然核反应堆
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Nuclear geyser model of the origin of life:Driving force to promote the synthesis of building blocks of life 被引量:2
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作者 Toshikazu Ebisuzaki Shigenori Maruyama 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第2期275-298,共24页
We propose the nuclear geyser model to elucidate an optimal site to bear the first life.Our model overcomes the difficulties that previously proposed models have encountered.Nuclear geyser is a geyser driven by a natu... We propose the nuclear geyser model to elucidate an optimal site to bear the first life.Our model overcomes the difficulties that previously proposed models have encountered.Nuclear geyser is a geyser driven by a natural nuclear reactor,which was likely common in the Hadean Earth,because of a much higher abundance of 235U as nuclear fuel.The nuclear geyser supplies the following:(1)high-density ionizing radiation to promote chemical chain reactions that even tar can be used for intermediate material to restart chemical reactions,(2)a system to maintain the circulation of material and energy,which includes cyclic environmental conditions(warm/cool,dry/wet,etc.)to enable to produce complex organic compounds,(3)a lower temperature than 100℃ as not to break down macromolecular organic compounds,(4)a locally reductive environment depending on rock types exposed along the geyser wall,and(5)a container to confine and accumulate volatile chemicals.These five factors are the necessary conditions that the birth place of life must satisfy.Only the nuclear geyser can meet all five,in contrast to the previously proposed birth sites,such as tidal flat,submarine hydrothermal vent,and outer space.The nuclear reactor and associated geyser,which maintain the circulations of material and energy with its surrounding environment,are regarded as the nuclear geyser system that enables numerous kinds of chemical reactions to synthesize complex organic compounds,and where the most primitive metabolism could be generated. 展开更多
关键词 Origin of life Chemical evolution natural nuclear reactor Aqueous electron Radiation chemistry
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两相自然循环稳定性无量纲频域分析研究 被引量:1
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作者 黄海涛 翁羿浩 徐济 《核科学与工程》 CSCD 北大核心 1994年第3期226-234,共9页
基于一维均相平衡模型,导出系统无量纲特征方程,采用频域分析方法,开发了一个通用性程序,研究两相自然循环中流动不稳定特性。程序能直接求解自然循环回路的无量纲稳定边界,计算结果与所得到的实验数据吻合良好,并讨论了各参数对... 基于一维均相平衡模型,导出系统无量纲特征方程,采用频域分析方法,开发了一个通用性程序,研究两相自然循环中流动不稳定特性。程序能直接求解自然循环回路的无量纲稳定边界,计算结果与所得到的实验数据吻合良好,并讨论了各参数对系统稳定性的影响。 展开更多
关键词 两相流动稳定性 自然循环 频域法 反应堆安全
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上部气空间体积对一体化自然循环核供热堆的性能影响
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作者 谢菲 陈志鹏 +1 位作者 李金才 解衡 《原子能科学技术》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第B05期327-331,共5页
以清华大学的摩洛哥海水淡化项目(NHR-10)为原型,在保持功率不变、提高设计压力的情况下,对上部气空间的结构参数进行了分析和优化。用RETRAN-02程序建立了一体化自然循环核供热堆的分析模型,通过分析安全阀误开启、断管事故和负... 以清华大学的摩洛哥海水淡化项目(NHR-10)为原型,在保持功率不变、提高设计压力的情况下,对上部气空间的结构参数进行了分析和优化。用RETRAN-02程序建立了一体化自然循环核供热堆的分析模型,通过分析安全阀误开启、断管事故和负荷跟踪瞬态工况,研究上部气空间体积对核供热堆性能的影响。结果表明:在安全阀误开启、堆外断管事故中,堆芯失水量均随上部气空间体积的增大而增大;而在负荷跟踪瞬态工况中,上部气空间体积过小则会引起反应堆压力过高,从而影响反应堆安全。因此,在综合考虑反应堆运行和安全性的要求下,确定上部气空间的合理体积范围为1-2m^3。 展开更多
关键词 一体化自然循环核供热堆 气空间 事故分析
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