环境中的药品和个人护理产品(Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products,PPCPs)通过污水处理厂在污水和污泥中蓄积,从而进入生态系统,对生态环境和人类健康造成危害.以卡马西平(CBZ)和布洛芬(IBU)两种典型的PPCPs作为目标污染物,调...环境中的药品和个人护理产品(Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products,PPCPs)通过污水处理厂在污水和污泥中蓄积,从而进入生态系统,对生态环境和人类健康造成危害.以卡马西平(CBZ)和布洛芬(IBU)两种典型的PPCPs作为目标污染物,调查其在污水处理厂中的归趋;并以纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)和纳米高岭土作为添加剂(Nano-Fe和Nano-KL处理),研究脱水污泥好氧堆肥过程中两种PPCPs的降解特征及其主要影响因子.结果表明,污水处理厂中CBZ和IBU的平均进水浓度分别为962.5和8869.0 ng·L^(-1),出水浓度分别为107.6和283.4 ng·L^(-1),去除率分别为88.8%和96.8%,CBZ和IBU在脱水污泥中的富集率分别为59.1%和60.5%,因此,有必要对脱水污泥进行无害化处理.与对照相比,Nano-Fe和Nano-KL处理分别可以有效减少54.1%和45.3%的NH3累积排放量及50.8%和38.9%的N_(2)O累积排放量.堆肥结束后,Nano-Fe和Nano-KL处理中CBZ的降解率分别达到85.9%和88.8%,IBU的降解率分别达到80.8%和86.4%;与不添加添加剂的处理相比,两种纳米材料可提高43.7%~53.1%的PPCPs降解.相关性分析表明,堆肥过程中CBZ和IBU的降解与含水率呈显著负相关,与O_(2)和TOC含量呈显著正相关,且相关性系数均大于0.90(p<0.05).以上结果表明,添加Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米颗粒和高岭土纳米颗粒可有效减少堆肥过程的氮素损失,并促进PPCPs的降解,这一发现可为降低污泥土地利用的环境风险提供数据支撑和技术指导.展开更多
Nowadays kaolin raw material is usually used to produce nano-kaolin for geopolymer enhancement by using firing method.In the present study,kaolin used was taken from the Naqus Formation(Cambro-Ordovician age),west of ...Nowadays kaolin raw material is usually used to produce nano-kaolin for geopolymer enhancement by using firing method.In the present study,kaolin used was taken from the Naqus Formation(Cambro-Ordovician age),west of Gabal El Gunna,Sinai,Egypt.Nano-kaolin material is an ultrafine material and was prepared from the taken kaolin by the firing process at 800 for 2℃h with a heating rate of 5/min.Six mixes were prepared and their laboratory specimens were made℃and cured up to 90 days.Water cooled slag was used as starting material,and sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were used in the study as activators for the used kaolin.The formed geopolymer mixes with different ratios(1%,1.5%,3%,5%,and 7%)of nano-kaolin as a partial replacement for the raw kaolin were investigated.Gelenium Ace super plasticizer was added in the ratio of 4%from the dry weight to ensure good dispersing of the used nano clay.Results showed that increasing the percentage of nano-kaolin up to 3%results in an enhancement in the mechanical properties as compared with the control mix up to 90 days of curing,while higher ratios are not preferable where they lead to agglomeration of the added nano materials and matrix dilution.展开更多
文摘环境中的药品和个人护理产品(Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products,PPCPs)通过污水处理厂在污水和污泥中蓄积,从而进入生态系统,对生态环境和人类健康造成危害.以卡马西平(CBZ)和布洛芬(IBU)两种典型的PPCPs作为目标污染物,调查其在污水处理厂中的归趋;并以纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)和纳米高岭土作为添加剂(Nano-Fe和Nano-KL处理),研究脱水污泥好氧堆肥过程中两种PPCPs的降解特征及其主要影响因子.结果表明,污水处理厂中CBZ和IBU的平均进水浓度分别为962.5和8869.0 ng·L^(-1),出水浓度分别为107.6和283.4 ng·L^(-1),去除率分别为88.8%和96.8%,CBZ和IBU在脱水污泥中的富集率分别为59.1%和60.5%,因此,有必要对脱水污泥进行无害化处理.与对照相比,Nano-Fe和Nano-KL处理分别可以有效减少54.1%和45.3%的NH3累积排放量及50.8%和38.9%的N_(2)O累积排放量.堆肥结束后,Nano-Fe和Nano-KL处理中CBZ的降解率分别达到85.9%和88.8%,IBU的降解率分别达到80.8%和86.4%;与不添加添加剂的处理相比,两种纳米材料可提高43.7%~53.1%的PPCPs降解.相关性分析表明,堆肥过程中CBZ和IBU的降解与含水率呈显著负相关,与O_(2)和TOC含量呈显著正相关,且相关性系数均大于0.90(p<0.05).以上结果表明,添加Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米颗粒和高岭土纳米颗粒可有效减少堆肥过程的氮素损失,并促进PPCPs的降解,这一发现可为降低污泥土地利用的环境风险提供数据支撑和技术指导.
文摘Nowadays kaolin raw material is usually used to produce nano-kaolin for geopolymer enhancement by using firing method.In the present study,kaolin used was taken from the Naqus Formation(Cambro-Ordovician age),west of Gabal El Gunna,Sinai,Egypt.Nano-kaolin material is an ultrafine material and was prepared from the taken kaolin by the firing process at 800 for 2℃h with a heating rate of 5/min.Six mixes were prepared and their laboratory specimens were made℃and cured up to 90 days.Water cooled slag was used as starting material,and sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were used in the study as activators for the used kaolin.The formed geopolymer mixes with different ratios(1%,1.5%,3%,5%,and 7%)of nano-kaolin as a partial replacement for the raw kaolin were investigated.Gelenium Ace super plasticizer was added in the ratio of 4%from the dry weight to ensure good dispersing of the used nano clay.Results showed that increasing the percentage of nano-kaolin up to 3%results in an enhancement in the mechanical properties as compared with the control mix up to 90 days of curing,while higher ratios are not preferable where they lead to agglomeration of the added nano materials and matrix dilution.
