A new dinosaur of Early Cretaceous age was recently discovered from the Mazongshan area of northwestern Gansu Province, China. The new dinosaur represents a new genus and species of Sauropoda, and is among the most ba...A new dinosaur of Early Cretaceous age was recently discovered from the Mazongshan area of northwestern Gansu Province, China. The new dinosaur represents a new genus and species of Sauropoda, and is among the most basal members of Titanosauria. Its finding also suggests that titanosaurs might have originated in Asia no later than the Early Cretaceous.展开更多
This paper lists the accepted names and classification of marine fungi,updating the scheme presented in 2009.The classification includes 1,112 species(in 472 genera):Ascomycota 805(in 352 genera),Basidiomycota 21 spec...This paper lists the accepted names and classification of marine fungi,updating the scheme presented in 2009.The classification includes 1,112 species(in 472 genera):Ascomycota 805(in 352 genera),Basidiomycota 21 species(in 17 genera),Chytridiomycota and related phyla 26 species(in 13 genera),Zygomycota three(in two genera),Blastocladiomycota one species(one genus),asexual morphs of filamentous fungi 43(in 26 genera);and marine yeasts:Ascomycota 138 species(in 35 genera),Basidiomycota 75 species(in 26 genera).These fungi belong to 129 families and 65 orders.The Halosphaeriaceae remains the largest family of marine fungi with 141 species in 59 genera,while the most specious genera are Aspergillus(47 species),Penicillium(39 species)and the yeast genus Candida(64 species).The review includes details of recent higher order nomenclature changes,and accounts of new families,genera and species described over the past 5 years.展开更多
A new gigantic sauropod, Huabeisaurus allocotus gen. et sp. nov., about 20 m in length and 5 m in height, was discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation, Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province. It is notably dif...A new gigantic sauropod, Huabeisaurus allocotus gen. et sp. nov., about 20 m in length and 5 m in height, was discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation, Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province. It is notably different from Diplodocidae, Titanosauridae and Nemegtosauridae in the following aspects: the teeth are strong, peglike with a length ratio of the tooth crown to tooth root at about 3 to 1; the cervical vertebrae are long with forked spines; the spines in dorsal vertebrae are relatively high, unbifurcated; the caudal vertebrae are amphicoelous, with anterior neural spines and unbifurcated spines and chevrons; the femur is straight and long, narrow and flat and the tibia and fibula are long and flat. These characters show that the described genus should represent a new family, Huabeisauridae fam. nov. The discovery enriches the sauropod dinosaur record in China, and is quite significant to the study of the taxonomy, evolution, migration, extinction and palaeobiogeographic provincialism of the Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaurs.展开更多
A new species, Feirana kangxianensis sp. nov., is described from the western Qinling Mountains in Gansu, China. Both morphological and molecular data support its validity. The new species is characterized by： （1） p...A new species, Feirana kangxianensis sp. nov., is described from the western Qinling Mountains in Gansu, China. Both morphological and molecular data support its validity. The new species is characterized by： （1） presence of keratinized nuptial spines on the thenar region of the hands in males of the new species, in contrast to F. taihangnica and F. quadranus; （2） of females, the ratios of UEW, INS, NSD and IPTL to SVL ofF. kangxianensis were significantly less than those of F. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of IOS to SVL of the new species was significantly larger than that of the latter two species （P 〈 0.05）; and （3） of males, the ratios of INS, NSD, IPTW to SVL of the new species were significantly less than those ofF. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of HL to SVL of the former was significantly larger than that of the latter, and the ratio of HW to SVL ofF. kangxianensis was significantly larger than that of F. taihangnica but less than that of F. quadranus, the ratio of OPTL to SVL of F. kangxianensis was significantly less than that of F. taihangnica but larger than that of F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）. The three species of Feirana can be easily identified and significantly differ from each other by the canonical discriminant analyses with high correct classification （〉92%）. Concurrently, based on partial mitochondrial ND2 gene sequences, the result of the molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Feirana indicates that the F. kangxianensis is sister to F. taihangnica.展开更多
Alseodaphne changchangensis sp. nov. (Lauraceae), with a perfectly preserved fossil leaf, was found in the Eocene Changchang Formation from the Changchang Basin of Hainan Island, China. This represents the earliest oc...Alseodaphne changchangensis sp. nov. (Lauraceae), with a perfectly preserved fossil leaf, was found in the Eocene Changchang Formation from the Changchang Basin of Hainan Island, China. This represents the earliest occurrence at the lowest latitude for the genus Alseodaphne, and offers important fossil evidence for further investigation of the origin and evolution of this genus and the paleoclimate of Hainan Island in the Eocene. Based on leaf morphology and cuticle characteristics, our fossil specimen is closest to the living species A. hainanensis Merrill, which is distributed mainly in tropical lowland rain forests, tropical montane rain forests, and subtropical montane evergreen broad-leafed forests on Hainan Island, and also found on the Wanshan Islands of Zhuhai of Guangdong Province and in northern parts of Vietnam. In the above areas, the climate factors are similar, i.e., the mean annual temperature is 20–22.6°C, the mean annual range of temperature 12–12.6°C and the mean annual precipitation 1784–2500 mm. Based on the nearest living species analysis, we conclude that the climate of the Changchang Basin on Hainan Island during the Eocene was close to that of the distribution areas of the living A. hainanensis.展开更多
A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur, Xuwulongyueluni gen. et sp. nov., is reported based on an articulated specimen including a complete cranium, almost complete axial skeleton, and complete left pelvic girdle. The sp...A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur, Xuwulongyueluni gen. et sp. nov., is reported based on an articulated specimen including a complete cranium, almost complete axial skeleton, and complete left pelvic girdle. The specimen is recovered from the Early Cretaceous Yujingzi Basin in the Jiuquan area, Gansu Province of northwestern China. Xuwulong is among the most basal members of hadrosauriform dinosaurs, and distinguished by its unique lower jaw in having a V-shaped rostral end of the dentary in lateral view and a mandibular articular surface which levels with mid-height of the dentary ramus, as well as an enlarged and downturned prepubic process. Including Xuwulong, three basal hadrosauriforms have been discovered from the Early Cretaceous Xinminpu Group in the Mazongshan area, making it an important area to study the origin and early evolution of duck-billed dinosaurs.展开更多
A new species of the genus Tylototriton is described,from Yuexi county,Anhui province,in the south of the Dabie Mountains.It is based on morphological and molecular analysis.The new species is identified as belonging ...A new species of the genus Tylototriton is described,from Yuexi county,Anhui province,in the south of the Dabie Mountains.It is based on morphological and molecular analysis.The new species is identified as belonging to the Tylototriton asperrimus group and shares a number of similarities with T.wenxianensis,T.broadoridgus and T.dabienicus.The diagnostic characteristics of the new species are as follows： the head length is greater than the width of the head; bony ridges on the head are prominent and necked-in; the distal digit ends,ventral digits,peripheral area of the cloaca and the tail＇s lower edge are orange.The result from the molecular analysis of the genus Tylototriton（including the type specimen of the new species） based on three mitochondrial genes（ND1,ND2 and CYTB） indicated that the new species was close to T.wenxianensis,T.dabienicus,and T.broadoridgus,but formed an independent clade.This result was consistent with the morphological analysis above,which supports the theory that the population distributed in the south of the Dabie Mountains,namely in from Yuexi county,Anhui province,represented a distinct species,Tylototriton anhuiensis sp.nov.展开更多
文摘A new dinosaur of Early Cretaceous age was recently discovered from the Mazongshan area of northwestern Gansu Province, China. The new dinosaur represents a new genus and species of Sauropoda, and is among the most basal members of Titanosauria. Its finding also suggests that titanosaurs might have originated in Asia no later than the Early Cretaceous.
基金Gareth Jones is supported by the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program(DSFP),King Saud University.This Project was funded by the National Plan for Science,Technology and Innovation(MAARIFAH),King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Award Number(12-BIO2840-02.K.L).Pang would like to thank Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan for financial support(NSC101-2621-B-019-001-MY3).T.Boekhout is supported by a grant NPRP6-647-1-127 from the Qatar National Research Fund(a member of the Qatar Foundation).This research was also financially supported by The Biodiversity and Training Program(BRT R_251006,BRT R_351004,BRT_R352015)and National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC),Thailand.We thank Drs.Holger Thüs and Patrick M.McCarthy for their comments on what constitutes littoral/intertidal lichensDrs.Joyce Longcore,D.Reham Simmons,Serygey K.Karpov,Frank Gleason for their critical comments on marine chytrids+1 种基金Drs.Teppo Rämä,Hans-Otto Baral and Ove E.Eriksson for allowing us to refer to their publication on Orbilia marina.Jack Fell for useful comments on marine yeastsRhiannon Owen for assistance with theses held at the Hugh Lloyd Library,University of Aberystwyth,Wales.
文摘This paper lists the accepted names and classification of marine fungi,updating the scheme presented in 2009.The classification includes 1,112 species(in 472 genera):Ascomycota 805(in 352 genera),Basidiomycota 21 species(in 17 genera),Chytridiomycota and related phyla 26 species(in 13 genera),Zygomycota three(in two genera),Blastocladiomycota one species(one genus),asexual morphs of filamentous fungi 43(in 26 genera);and marine yeasts:Ascomycota 138 species(in 35 genera),Basidiomycota 75 species(in 26 genera).These fungi belong to 129 families and 65 orders.The Halosphaeriaceae remains the largest family of marine fungi with 141 species in 59 genera,while the most specious genera are Aspergillus(47 species),Penicillium(39 species)and the yeast genus Candida(64 species).The review includes details of recent higher order nomenclature changes,and accounts of new families,genera and species described over the past 5 years.
文摘A new gigantic sauropod, Huabeisaurus allocotus gen. et sp. nov., about 20 m in length and 5 m in height, was discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation, Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province. It is notably different from Diplodocidae, Titanosauridae and Nemegtosauridae in the following aspects: the teeth are strong, peglike with a length ratio of the tooth crown to tooth root at about 3 to 1; the cervical vertebrae are long with forked spines; the spines in dorsal vertebrae are relatively high, unbifurcated; the caudal vertebrae are amphicoelous, with anterior neural spines and unbifurcated spines and chevrons; the femur is straight and long, narrow and flat and the tibia and fibula are long and flat. These characters show that the described genus should represent a new family, Huabeisauridae fam. nov. The discovery enriches the sauropod dinosaur record in China, and is quite significant to the study of the taxonomy, evolution, migration, extinction and palaeobiogeographic provincialism of the Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaurs.
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(NSFC–31071906,30730029)granted to Jianping JIANGthe Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization of CIB,CAS,the Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,and the Knowledge Innovation Program of CAS(Y1C2021200,Y1B3021,KSCX2-EW-J-22)
文摘A new species, Feirana kangxianensis sp. nov., is described from the western Qinling Mountains in Gansu, China. Both morphological and molecular data support its validity. The new species is characterized by： （1） presence of keratinized nuptial spines on the thenar region of the hands in males of the new species, in contrast to F. taihangnica and F. quadranus; （2） of females, the ratios of UEW, INS, NSD and IPTL to SVL ofF. kangxianensis were significantly less than those of F. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of IOS to SVL of the new species was significantly larger than that of the latter two species （P 〈 0.05）; and （3） of males, the ratios of INS, NSD, IPTW to SVL of the new species were significantly less than those ofF. taihangnica and F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）, while the ratio of HL to SVL of the former was significantly larger than that of the latter, and the ratio of HW to SVL ofF. kangxianensis was significantly larger than that of F. taihangnica but less than that of F. quadranus, the ratio of OPTL to SVL of F. kangxianensis was significantly less than that of F. taihangnica but larger than that of F. quadranus （P 〈 0.05）. The three species of Feirana can be easily identified and significantly differ from each other by the canonical discriminant analyses with high correct classification （〉92%）. Concurrently, based on partial mitochondrial ND2 gene sequences, the result of the molecular phylogenetic analyses of the Feirana indicates that the F. kangxianensis is sister to F. taihangnica.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40672017)the joint Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant Nos. 40811120033, 07-04-92127)+1 种基金Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 06023161)Key Project Inviting Foreign Teachers and Scientific Research Fund, Hongda Zhang, Sun Yat-sen University
文摘Alseodaphne changchangensis sp. nov. (Lauraceae), with a perfectly preserved fossil leaf, was found in the Eocene Changchang Formation from the Changchang Basin of Hainan Island, China. This represents the earliest occurrence at the lowest latitude for the genus Alseodaphne, and offers important fossil evidence for further investigation of the origin and evolution of this genus and the paleoclimate of Hainan Island in the Eocene. Based on leaf morphology and cuticle characteristics, our fossil specimen is closest to the living species A. hainanensis Merrill, which is distributed mainly in tropical lowland rain forests, tropical montane rain forests, and subtropical montane evergreen broad-leafed forests on Hainan Island, and also found on the Wanshan Islands of Zhuhai of Guangdong Province and in northern parts of Vietnam. In the above areas, the climate factors are similar, i.e., the mean annual temperature is 20–22.6°C, the mean annual range of temperature 12–12.6°C and the mean annual precipitation 1784–2500 mm. Based on the nearest living species analysis, we conclude that the climate of the Changchang Basin on Hainan Island during the Eocene was close to that of the distribution areas of the living A. hainanensis.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41072019 and 90914003)the basic outlay of scientific research work from Ministry of Science and Technology(J1003)+1 种基金National Science Foundation (1024671)Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geo-Exploration and Mineral Development,and Gansu Geological Museum
文摘A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur, Xuwulongyueluni gen. et sp. nov., is reported based on an articulated specimen including a complete cranium, almost complete axial skeleton, and complete left pelvic girdle. The specimen is recovered from the Early Cretaceous Yujingzi Basin in the Jiuquan area, Gansu Province of northwestern China. Xuwulong is among the most basal members of hadrosauriform dinosaurs, and distinguished by its unique lower jaw in having a V-shaped rostral end of the dentary in lateral view and a mandibular articular surface which levels with mid-height of the dentary ramus, as well as an enlarged and downturned prepubic process. Including Xuwulong, three basal hadrosauriforms have been discovered from the Early Cretaceous Xinminpu Group in the Mazongshan area, making it an important area to study the origin and early evolution of duck-billed dinosaurs.
基金partly supported by the Graduate Student Academic Innovation Research Project of Anhui University(yqh100101)the National Key Research and Development Programme(2016YFC1200700)
文摘A new species of the genus Tylototriton is described,from Yuexi county,Anhui province,in the south of the Dabie Mountains.It is based on morphological and molecular analysis.The new species is identified as belonging to the Tylototriton asperrimus group and shares a number of similarities with T.wenxianensis,T.broadoridgus and T.dabienicus.The diagnostic characteristics of the new species are as follows： the head length is greater than the width of the head; bony ridges on the head are prominent and necked-in; the distal digit ends,ventral digits,peripheral area of the cloaca and the tail＇s lower edge are orange.The result from the molecular analysis of the genus Tylototriton（including the type specimen of the new species） based on three mitochondrial genes（ND1,ND2 and CYTB） indicated that the new species was close to T.wenxianensis,T.dabienicus,and T.broadoridgus,but formed an independent clade.This result was consistent with the morphological analysis above,which supports the theory that the population distributed in the south of the Dabie Mountains,namely in from Yuexi county,Anhui province,represented a distinct species,Tylototriton anhuiensis sp.nov.
基金This study was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.KZCX-2-SW-129)the National Basic Research Program of China(2006CB701400)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40472004,39900007 and 40372008)the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Science Research of Japan(Type C)(Grant No.13640475)This is a contribution to Intermational Geoscience Program IGCP Project No.506.
