It is conventionally believed that,once one has acquired his native phonemes,the acoustic realizations are relatively stable since the later stage of childhood,and of high intra-speaker consistency throughout adulthoo...It is conventionally believed that,once one has acquired his native phonemes,the acoustic realizations are relatively stable since the later stage of childhood,and of high intra-speaker consistency throughout adulthood.With evidence from plosives produced in connected speech in Standard Chinese,the present study shows that even middle-aged speakers show gradually increased voice onset time(VOT)in the production of plosives in general.Therefore,at least for phonemes such as plosives,the acoustic realizations are further developed and in an ongoing,dynamic process of change even in adulthood.Furthermore,by considering both raw VOT and VOT ratios,the present study also shows that the increase in VOT cannot be completely due to decrease in speech rate as speakers age,but could be related to speakers’adjustments to the physiological changes due to aging in speech production.展开更多
目的:通过构建"药物-成分-靶点-疾病"相互作用网络,探究白鲜皮治疗口腔扁平苔藓(Oral Lichen Planus,OLP)的机制。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and...目的:通过构建"药物-成分-靶点-疾病"相互作用网络,探究白鲜皮治疗口腔扁平苔藓(Oral Lichen Planus,OLP)的机制。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)数据库与Swiss Target Prediction数据库筛选白鲜皮的药效成分和作用靶点,通过GeneCards数据库预测与OLP疾病相关的靶点,将白鲜皮药效靶点与OLP疾病靶点取交集,得到白鲜皮治疗OLP对应的靶点,并构建"药物-成分-靶点-疾病"网络。通过String数据库分析蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络,运用R语言,对靶点基因进行基因本体论(GO)富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。结果:找到白鲜皮与OLP公共靶点56个,涉及炎症反应、T细胞活化、上皮细胞增殖的调节、对类固醇激素的反应等生物过程,参与调节白细胞介素(Interleukin,IL)-17信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路、Th17细胞分化等。结论:初步研究了白鲜皮治疗OLP的相关靶点与通路,白鲜皮可以通过IL-4、IL-17等多个靶点、多条通路来发挥治疗OLP的作用。展开更多
基金funded by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.19CYY021)
文摘It is conventionally believed that,once one has acquired his native phonemes,the acoustic realizations are relatively stable since the later stage of childhood,and of high intra-speaker consistency throughout adulthood.With evidence from plosives produced in connected speech in Standard Chinese,the present study shows that even middle-aged speakers show gradually increased voice onset time(VOT)in the production of plosives in general.Therefore,at least for phonemes such as plosives,the acoustic realizations are further developed and in an ongoing,dynamic process of change even in adulthood.Furthermore,by considering both raw VOT and VOT ratios,the present study also shows that the increase in VOT cannot be completely due to decrease in speech rate as speakers age,but could be related to speakers’adjustments to the physiological changes due to aging in speech production.
文摘目的:通过构建"药物-成分-靶点-疾病"相互作用网络,探究白鲜皮治疗口腔扁平苔藓(Oral Lichen Planus,OLP)的机制。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)数据库与Swiss Target Prediction数据库筛选白鲜皮的药效成分和作用靶点,通过GeneCards数据库预测与OLP疾病相关的靶点,将白鲜皮药效靶点与OLP疾病靶点取交集,得到白鲜皮治疗OLP对应的靶点,并构建"药物-成分-靶点-疾病"网络。通过String数据库分析蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络,运用R语言,对靶点基因进行基因本体论(GO)富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析。结果:找到白鲜皮与OLP公共靶点56个,涉及炎症反应、T细胞活化、上皮细胞增殖的调节、对类固醇激素的反应等生物过程,参与调节白细胞介素(Interleukin,IL)-17信号通路、Toll样受体信号通路、核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路、Th17细胞分化等。结论:初步研究了白鲜皮治疗OLP的相关靶点与通路,白鲜皮可以通过IL-4、IL-17等多个靶点、多条通路来发挥治疗OLP的作用。
