Satellite derived NO2 column data have been used to study Chinese national fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.Based on NO 2 retrievals from two satellites (GOME and SCIAMACHY) for 1996-2010,we analyzed th...Satellite derived NO2 column data have been used to study Chinese national fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.Based on NO 2 retrievals from two satellites (GOME and SCIAMACHY) for 1996-2010,we analyzed the characteristics and evolution of regional pollution related to NO x emissions in China.Satellite observations indicated that the highly polluted regions were expanding.Anthropogenic emission dominated areas have expanded from the east to central and western China,and new highly polluted regions have formed throughout the nation.Bottom-up emission estimates suggested a 133% increase in anthropogenic NOx emissions in East Central China during 1996 to 2010,which was lower than the 184% increase of the NO2 columns measured by the satellites.We found that growth rates of NOx emissions have slowed in Chinese megacities over recent years,in contrast to which,the NOx emissions were soaring in medium-sized cities,indicating that strict controls of NOx emissions from coal-fired facilities are required in China.展开更多
应用WRF—Chem（Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry）模式模拟研究了2007年8月京津冀地区近地面O3、NO2、PM2.5浓度的时空变化特征，将模拟结果与观测数据进行详细对比，结果表明，模式可以较好地模拟O3、PM2.5，...应用WRF—Chem（Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry）模式模拟研究了2007年8月京津冀地区近地面O3、NO2、PM2.5浓度的时空变化特征，将模拟结果与观测数据进行详细对比，结果表明，模式可以较好地模拟O3、PM2.5，浓度的空间分布和时间变化特征，成功再现了8月33和PM2.5的几次积累增加过程，其中O，的模拟值与观测值的相关系数为0．69～0．86，PM2.5的相关系数为0．44～0．49，但模式对NO2的模拟相对较差，相关系数为0．27～0．43。北京、天津地区为O3月均低值区，月均体积浓度约30×10^-9，渤海及京津冀以西地区O3月平均体积浓度可达60×10^-9；PM2，呈现南高北低的分布特征，变化范围为120～240μg／m3。14时月平均03体积浓度在北京、天津地区低于周边地区，约为60×10^-9；而PM2.5质量浓度在环渤海地区和河北南部较高，为100～120μg/m^3。8月17日北京出现一次典型的高浓度O，污染事件，14时北京地区温度达到33℃，O3体积浓度为80×10^-9～110×10^-9。在局地排放、化学反应和外来输送的共同作用下，渤海西岸和北岸PM2.5的质量浓度超过120μg／m3，其中二次气溶胶质量浓度为50～100μg／m3，一次排放人为气溶胶质量浓度为10～20μg／m3，海盐质量浓度为1～7μg／m3，二次气溶胶是该地区PM2.5的主要贡献者。展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB951803)the China Sustainable Energy Program(G-1010-12447)the Project of Monitoring and Management on Emission Reduction,managed by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China.(2011A078)
文摘Satellite derived NO2 column data have been used to study Chinese national fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emissions.Based on NO 2 retrievals from two satellites (GOME and SCIAMACHY) for 1996-2010,we analyzed the characteristics and evolution of regional pollution related to NO x emissions in China.Satellite observations indicated that the highly polluted regions were expanding.Anthropogenic emission dominated areas have expanded from the east to central and western China,and new highly polluted regions have formed throughout the nation.Bottom-up emission estimates suggested a 133% increase in anthropogenic NOx emissions in East Central China during 1996 to 2010,which was lower than the 184% increase of the NO2 columns measured by the satellites.We found that growth rates of NOx emissions have slowed in Chinese megacities over recent years,in contrast to which,the NOx emissions were soaring in medium-sized cities,indicating that strict controls of NOx emissions from coal-fired facilities are required in China.
文摘应用WRF—Chem（Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry）模式模拟研究了2007年8月京津冀地区近地面O3、NO2、PM2.5浓度的时空变化特征，将模拟结果与观测数据进行详细对比，结果表明，模式可以较好地模拟O3、PM2.5，浓度的空间分布和时间变化特征，成功再现了8月33和PM2.5的几次积累增加过程，其中O，的模拟值与观测值的相关系数为0．69～0．86，PM2.5的相关系数为0．44～0．49，但模式对NO2的模拟相对较差，相关系数为0．27～0．43。北京、天津地区为O3月均低值区，月均体积浓度约30×10^-9，渤海及京津冀以西地区O3月平均体积浓度可达60×10^-9；PM2，呈现南高北低的分布特征，变化范围为120～240μg／m3。14时月平均03体积浓度在北京、天津地区低于周边地区，约为60×10^-9；而PM2.5质量浓度在环渤海地区和河北南部较高，为100～120μg/m^3。8月17日北京出现一次典型的高浓度O，污染事件，14时北京地区温度达到33℃，O3体积浓度为80×10^-9～110×10^-9。在局地排放、化学反应和外来输送的共同作用下，渤海西岸和北岸PM2.5的质量浓度超过120μg／m3，其中二次气溶胶质量浓度为50～100μg／m3，一次排放人为气溶胶质量浓度为10～20μg／m3，海盐质量浓度为1～7μg／m3，二次气溶胶是该地区PM2.5的主要贡献者。
