Methane partial oxidation （MPO） is considered as an alternative method to produce hydrogen because it is an exothermic reaction to afford a suitable H2/CO ratio of 2. However, carbon deposition on a catalyst is obse...Methane partial oxidation （MPO） is considered as an alternative method to produce hydrogen because it is an exothermic reaction to afford a suitable H2/CO ratio of 2. However, carbon deposition on a catalyst is observed as a major cause of catalyst deactivation in MPO. In order to find suitable catalysts that prevent the carbon deposition, NiO-MgO/Ce0.75Zr0.2502 （CZO） supported catalysts were prepared via the co-impregnation （C） and sequential incipient wetness impregnation （S） methods. The amount of Ni loading was fixed at 15 wt-% whereas the amount of MgO loading was varied from 5 to 15 wt-%. The results revealed that the addition of MgO shifted the light-off temperatures to higher temperatures. This is because the Ni surface was partially covered with MgO, and the strong interaction between NiO and NiMgO2 over CZO support led to the difficulty in reducing NiO to active Ni~ and thus less catalytic activity. However, among the catalysts tested, the 15Ni5Mg/CZO （S） catalyst exhibited the best catalytic stability for MPO after 18 h on stream at 750℃. Moreover, this catalyst had a better resistance to carbon deposition due to its high metallic Ni dispersion at high temperature.展开更多
The distinct influences of eastern Pacific （EP） and central Pacific （CP） La Nina on rainfall anomalies over Southeast Asia and Australia in boreal autumn （September to November） are explored in this study. Compo...The distinct influences of eastern Pacific （EP） and central Pacific （CP） La Nina on rainfall anomalies over Southeast Asia and Australia in boreal autumn （September to November） are explored in this study. Composite results reveal that CP La Nina gives rise to significant and severe flooding over Southeast Asia and Australia, whereas EP La Nina fails to exert any evident impacts on rainfall over this region. This difference can be attributed to the distinct features of cooling sea surface temperature anomalies （SSTAs） between EP and CP La Nina. With a more westward location and stronger intensity of the negative SSTAs during CP La Nina autumn, the highest and lowest SLP anomalies are substantially enhanced and shift westwards too, further causing intense easterly winds over the western Pacific and westerly anomalies over the Indian Ocean driven by this SLP gradient. Subsequently, robust low-level convergence and high-level divergence is observed over the Maritime Continent and Australia, resulting in significant above-normal rainfall anomalies in those regions. In contrast, weak and eastern Pacific-confined cooling SSTAs during EP La Nina produce correspondingly weak low-level convergence over the Maritime Continent conditions that make it hard for significant rainfall anomalies to arise.展开更多
Purpose:.To compare melanin-related near-infrared fundus autofluorescence (NIA; excitation 787 nm, emission> 800 nm) with lipofuscin-related fundus autofluorescence (FAF; excitation 488 nm, emission > 500 nm) in...Purpose:.To compare melanin-related near-infrared fundus autofluorescence (NIA; excitation 787 nm, emission> 800 nm) with lipofuscin-related fundus autofluorescence (FAF; excitation 488 nm, emission > 500 nm) in patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (ICNV). Methods: FAF, NIA, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography.(ICGA).were obtained using a confocal scanning laser Ophthalmoscope HRA2 (Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2).in 18 eyes of 18 patients with ICNV. Results:.Eighteen eyes had classic CNV, and autofluorescence imaging showed hypoautofluorescence at the site of CNV..A well-defined hyperautofluorescent ring was detected surrounding the CNV in all 18 eyes with NIA imaging. In our sample,.the FAF patterns around the CNV were classified as normal (n=1,.5.56%), well-defined hyperautofluorescent ring (n=7,.38.89%), or ill-defined hyperautofluorescent ring (n=10, 55.56%). Conclusion:.The patterns of FAF and NIA indicated different involvement of lipofuscin and melanin in the pathophysiological process of ICNV. Compared to FAF imaging, NIA imaging appears to be a superior noninvasive method for in vivo visualization of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) abnormalities in ICNV patients.展开更多
Detection of protein-protein interaction can provide valuable information for investigating the biological function of proteins.The current methods that applied in protein-protein interaction,such as co-immunoprecipit...Detection of protein-protein interaction can provide valuable information for investigating the biological function of proteins.The current methods that applied in protein-protein interaction,such as co-immunoprecipitation and pull down etc.,often cause plenty of working time due to the burdensome cloning and puri-fication procedures.Here we established a system that characterization of protein-protein interaction was accomplished by co-expression and simply purification of target proteins from one expression cassette within E.coli system.We modified pET vector into co-expression vector pInvivo which encoded PPV NIa protease,two cleavage site F and two multiple cloning sites that flanking cleavage sites.The target proteins(for example:protein A and protein B)were inserted at multiple cloning sites and translated into polyprotein in the order of MBP tag-protein A-site F-PPV NIa protease-site F-protein B-His6 tag.PPV NIa protease carried out intracellular cleavage along expression,then led to the separation of polyprotein components,therefore,the interaction between protein A-protein B can be detected through one-step purification and analysis.Negative control for protein B was brought into this system for monitoring interaction specificity.We successfully employed this system to prove two cases of reported protien-protein interaction:RHA2a/ANAC and FTA/FTB.In conclusion,a convenient and efficient system has been successfully developed for detecting protein-protein interaction.展开更多
Methods and approaches are discussed that identify and filter off affecting factors (noise) above primary signals,based on the Adaptive-Nework-Based Fuzzy Inference System. Influences of the zonal winds in equatorial ...Methods and approaches are discussed that identify and filter off affecting factors (noise) above primary signals,based on the Adaptive-Nework-Based Fuzzy Inference System. Influences of the zonal winds in equatorial eastern and middle/western Pacific on the SSTA in the equatorial region and their contribution to the latter are diagnosed and verified with observations of a number of significant El Nio and La Nia episodes. New viewpoints are propsed. The methods of wavelet decomposition and reconstruction are used to build a predictive model based on independent domains of frequency,which shows some advantages in composite prediction and prediction validity.The methods presented above are of non-linearity, error-allowing and auto-adaptive/learning, in addition to rapid and easy access,illustrative and quantitative presentation,and analyzed results that agree generally with facts. They are useful in diagnosing and predicting the El Nio and La Nia problems that are just roughly described in dynamics.展开更多
目的运用基于纳米技术的超微量蛋白免疫分析(Nanofluidic proteomic immunoassay,NIA)方法检测ERK的磷酸化。方法构建尾加压素Ⅱ(UrotensinⅡ)受体GPR14细胞系,UⅡ(10-7M)刺激该细胞系10分钟后,提取细胞蛋白采用传统Western方法和NIA技...目的运用基于纳米技术的超微量蛋白免疫分析(Nanofluidic proteomic immunoassay,NIA)方法检测ERK的磷酸化。方法构建尾加压素Ⅱ(UrotensinⅡ)受体GPR14细胞系,UⅡ(10-7M)刺激该细胞系10分钟后,提取细胞蛋白采用传统Western方法和NIA技术分别检测同种样品ERK的磷酸化,并用两种方法观察UⅡ受体拮抗剂Urantide对ERK磷酸化的抑制作用。通过结扎C57BL/6小鼠冠状动脉左前降支,建立心梗模型,假手术组开胸不结扎,术后1周通过流式细胞术分离心脏侧群干细胞(Cardiac side population cells,CSPs),用NIA技术检测ERK磷酸化。结果 Western分析可观察到UⅡ介导ERK1/2的磷酸化,Urantide抑制该效应。NIA分析可观察到UⅡ介导ERK1/2磷酸化的多种异构体包括p-ERK1a,P-ERK1b,PP-ERK1,PP-ERK2水平升高,Urantide同样抑制该效应。心梗后CSPs数目明显增加。NIA分析显示,心梗促进CSPs上的p-ERK1b,PP-ERK1的水平升高,但对PP-ERK2影响不大。结论通过GPR14细胞系的分析,NIA技术灵敏度高,可检测ERK磷酸化的多种形式,运用该技术可检测数万个CSPs的ERK磷酸化,可观察心梗促进CSPs的某些ERK磷酸化异构体的水平升高,提示可能与心梗后CSPs的增殖有关。展开更多
利用2005—2021年4—10月广西91个国家气象站小时降水数据和Oceanic Nino Index (ONI)数据,分析了广西汛期极端短时强降水的特征及其关联因子。结果表明:(1)广西超过80%站点的极端短时强降水强度在40~70 mm·h^(-1),强度和频次最高...利用2005—2021年4—10月广西91个国家气象站小时降水数据和Oceanic Nino Index (ONI)数据,分析了广西汛期极端短时强降水的特征及其关联因子。结果表明:(1)广西超过80%站点的极端短时强降水强度在40~70 mm·h^(-1),强度和频次最高均出现在沿海地区,频次次高区域为桂东北地区,但其强度却为广西最低;(2)每年极端短时强降水频次呈现增多趋势,每年5、6月份极端短时强降水频次最高,但各个月份强度变化不大。(3)每日04—05时、17—18时的极端短时强降水频次最高,各个时次强度均在50~55 mm·h^(-1),差别不大。(4)广西极端短时强降水特征不仅与地形密切相关,而且与南海夏季风、厄尔尼诺/拉尼娜事件关联性很大。(5)前一年秋季的ONI和次年前汛期的极端短时强降水呈显著正相关。展开更多
文摘Methane partial oxidation （MPO） is considered as an alternative method to produce hydrogen because it is an exothermic reaction to afford a suitable H2/CO ratio of 2. However, carbon deposition on a catalyst is observed as a major cause of catalyst deactivation in MPO. In order to find suitable catalysts that prevent the carbon deposition, NiO-MgO/Ce0.75Zr0.2502 （CZO） supported catalysts were prepared via the co-impregnation （C） and sequential incipient wetness impregnation （S） methods. The amount of Ni loading was fixed at 15 wt-% whereas the amount of MgO loading was varied from 5 to 15 wt-%. The results revealed that the addition of MgO shifted the light-off temperatures to higher temperatures. This is because the Ni surface was partially covered with MgO, and the strong interaction between NiO and NiMgO2 over CZO support led to the difficulty in reducing NiO to active Ni~ and thus less catalytic activity. However, among the catalysts tested, the 15Ni5Mg/CZO （S） catalyst exhibited the best catalytic stability for MPO after 18 h on stream at 750℃. Moreover, this catalyst had a better resistance to carbon deposition due to its high metallic Ni dispersion at high temperature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41230527][grant number41675091][grant number 41461164005]
文摘The distinct influences of eastern Pacific （EP） and central Pacific （CP） La Nina on rainfall anomalies over Southeast Asia and Australia in boreal autumn （September to November） are explored in this study. Composite results reveal that CP La Nina gives rise to significant and severe flooding over Southeast Asia and Australia, whereas EP La Nina fails to exert any evident impacts on rainfall over this region. This difference can be attributed to the distinct features of cooling sea surface temperature anomalies （SSTAs） between EP and CP La Nina. With a more westward location and stronger intensity of the negative SSTAs during CP La Nina autumn, the highest and lowest SLP anomalies are substantially enhanced and shift westwards too, further causing intense easterly winds over the western Pacific and westerly anomalies over the Indian Ocean driven by this SLP gradient. Subsequently, robust low-level convergence and high-level divergence is observed over the Maritime Continent and Australia, resulting in significant above-normal rainfall anomalies in those regions. In contrast, weak and eastern Pacific-confined cooling SSTAs during EP La Nina produce correspondingly weak low-level convergence over the Maritime Continent conditions that make it hard for significant rainfall anomalies to arise.
基金supported by a grant from the Science and Technology Support Project of Gansu Province(No.090NKCA093)
文摘Purpose:.To compare melanin-related near-infrared fundus autofluorescence (NIA; excitation 787 nm, emission> 800 nm) with lipofuscin-related fundus autofluorescence (FAF; excitation 488 nm, emission > 500 nm) in patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (ICNV). Methods: FAF, NIA, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography.(ICGA).were obtained using a confocal scanning laser Ophthalmoscope HRA2 (Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2).in 18 eyes of 18 patients with ICNV. Results:.Eighteen eyes had classic CNV, and autofluorescence imaging showed hypoautofluorescence at the site of CNV..A well-defined hyperautofluorescent ring was detected surrounding the CNV in all 18 eyes with NIA imaging. In our sample,.the FAF patterns around the CNV were classified as normal (n=1,.5.56%), well-defined hyperautofluorescent ring (n=7,.38.89%), or ill-defined hyperautofluorescent ring (n=10, 55.56%). Conclusion:.The patterns of FAF and NIA indicated different involvement of lipofuscin and melanin in the pathophysiological process of ICNV. Compared to FAF imaging, NIA imaging appears to be a superior noninvasive method for in vivo visualization of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) abnormalities in ICNV patients.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31030047)the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)(No.2011CB915402).
文摘Detection of protein-protein interaction can provide valuable information for investigating the biological function of proteins.The current methods that applied in protein-protein interaction,such as co-immunoprecipitation and pull down etc.,often cause plenty of working time due to the burdensome cloning and puri-fication procedures.Here we established a system that characterization of protein-protein interaction was accomplished by co-expression and simply purification of target proteins from one expression cassette within E.coli system.We modified pET vector into co-expression vector pInvivo which encoded PPV NIa protease,two cleavage site F and two multiple cloning sites that flanking cleavage sites.The target proteins(for example:protein A and protein B)were inserted at multiple cloning sites and translated into polyprotein in the order of MBP tag-protein A-site F-PPV NIa protease-site F-protein B-His6 tag.PPV NIa protease carried out intracellular cleavage along expression,then led to the separation of polyprotein components,therefore,the interaction between protein A-protein B can be detected through one-step purification and analysis.Negative control for protein B was brought into this system for monitoring interaction specificity.We successfully employed this system to prove two cases of reported protien-protein interaction:RHA2a/ANAC and FTA/FTB.In conclusion,a convenient and efficient system has been successfully developed for detecting protein-protein interaction.
文摘Methods and approaches are discussed that identify and filter off affecting factors (noise) above primary signals,based on the Adaptive-Nework-Based Fuzzy Inference System. Influences of the zonal winds in equatorial eastern and middle/western Pacific on the SSTA in the equatorial region and their contribution to the latter are diagnosed and verified with observations of a number of significant El Nio and La Nia episodes. New viewpoints are propsed. The methods of wavelet decomposition and reconstruction are used to build a predictive model based on independent domains of frequency,which shows some advantages in composite prediction and prediction validity.The methods presented above are of non-linearity, error-allowing and auto-adaptive/learning, in addition to rapid and easy access,illustrative and quantitative presentation,and analyzed results that agree generally with facts. They are useful in diagnosing and predicting the El Nio and La Nia problems that are just roughly described in dynamics.
文摘目的运用基于纳米技术的超微量蛋白免疫分析(Nanofluidic proteomic immunoassay,NIA)方法检测ERK的磷酸化。方法构建尾加压素Ⅱ(UrotensinⅡ)受体GPR14细胞系,UⅡ(10-7M)刺激该细胞系10分钟后,提取细胞蛋白采用传统Western方法和NIA技术分别检测同种样品ERK的磷酸化,并用两种方法观察UⅡ受体拮抗剂Urantide对ERK磷酸化的抑制作用。通过结扎C57BL/6小鼠冠状动脉左前降支,建立心梗模型,假手术组开胸不结扎,术后1周通过流式细胞术分离心脏侧群干细胞(Cardiac side population cells,CSPs),用NIA技术检测ERK磷酸化。结果 Western分析可观察到UⅡ介导ERK1/2的磷酸化,Urantide抑制该效应。NIA分析可观察到UⅡ介导ERK1/2磷酸化的多种异构体包括p-ERK1a,P-ERK1b,PP-ERK1,PP-ERK2水平升高,Urantide同样抑制该效应。心梗后CSPs数目明显增加。NIA分析显示,心梗促进CSPs上的p-ERK1b,PP-ERK1的水平升高,但对PP-ERK2影响不大。结论通过GPR14细胞系的分析,NIA技术灵敏度高,可检测ERK磷酸化的多种形式,运用该技术可检测数万个CSPs的ERK磷酸化,可观察心梗促进CSPs的某些ERK磷酸化异构体的水平升高,提示可能与心梗后CSPs的增殖有关。
