Objectives To identify whether Epstein Barr virus (EBV) encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) can induce tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 1 (TRAF1) expression and promote its anti apoptosis acti...Objectives To identify whether Epstein Barr virus (EBV) encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) can induce tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 1 (TRAF1) expression and promote its anti apoptosis activity via the NF κB signaling pathway, and assess that LMP1 suppresses apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) Methods A stable transfected cell line HNE2 LMP1 was established by introducing LMP1 cDNA into HNE2 cells Transactivation of TRAF1 was determined by luciferase reporter assay, while expression of TRAF1 mRNA was detected by RT PCR and expression of TRAF1 protein and caspase 3 by Western blot analysis Apoptosis activity was observed through fluorescence staining Results LMP1 induced TRAF1 expression in NPC cells and caused a decrease in apoptosis This induction could be blocked by antisense LMP1 Moreover, LMP1 mediated induction of a TRAF1 promoter driven reporter gene was significantly impaired when the κB site κB1 or κB5 was disrupted, whereas mutation of κB3 had only a minor effect on LMP1 dependent up regulation of the reporter gene Conclusion LMP1 induces TRAF1 expression and promotes its anti apoptosis activity via the NF κB signaling pathway, which may be one of the mechanisms that LMP1 uses to suppress apoptosis in NPC cells展开更多
居民的自然保护态度对自然旅游地的自然保护与旅游可持续发展至关重要,自然旅游地居民自然保护态度的影响因子及影响方式,已经成为自然旅游地管理的重要内容,但相关研究薄弱。以中国九寨沟和英国新森林国家公园(New Forest National Par...居民的自然保护态度对自然旅游地的自然保护与旅游可持续发展至关重要,自然旅游地居民自然保护态度的影响因子及影响方式,已经成为自然旅游地管理的重要内容,但相关研究薄弱。以中国九寨沟和英国新森林国家公园(New Forest National Park,NF)为例,根据实地问卷调查数据,从两地居民的人口属性、旅游环保期望、旅游环境影响感知及旅游环境伦理观与其自然保护态度关系的角度,进行定量比较研究。研究发现:(1)两地居民的自然保护态度受不同因子的影响,存在明显的中外差异;(2)人口属性特征如性别、年龄、居住年限、教育水平及旅游业参与情况对新森林国家公园社区居民的自然保护态度没有影响;但性别、旅游业参与情况却影响九寨沟居民的自然保护态度,女性及旅游业参与者更支持对九寨沟进行自然保护;(3)新森林国家公园居民的自然保护态度受其旅游环保期望及旅游环境伦理观的影响:旅游环保期望较高、持保护主义环境伦理观的新森林国家公园居民,更有可能支持对新森林国家公园进行自然保护;(4)九寨沟居民的自然保护态度不受其旅游环保期望及旅游环境伦理的影响,但受其旅游环境影响感知的影响;居民的旅游环境影响感知越消极,越支持对九寨沟进行自然保护。展开更多
基金StateKeyBasicResearchProgram FundamentalInvestigationonHumanCarcinogenesis (No .G19980 5 12 0 1) +1 种基金NationalScienceFundforDistinguishedYoungScholars (No .3 95 2 5 0 2 2 ) theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No 3 0 10 0 0 0 5 )
文摘Objectives To identify whether Epstein Barr virus (EBV) encoded latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) can induce tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 1 (TRAF1) expression and promote its anti apoptosis activity via the NF κB signaling pathway, and assess that LMP1 suppresses apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) Methods A stable transfected cell line HNE2 LMP1 was established by introducing LMP1 cDNA into HNE2 cells Transactivation of TRAF1 was determined by luciferase reporter assay, while expression of TRAF1 mRNA was detected by RT PCR and expression of TRAF1 protein and caspase 3 by Western blot analysis Apoptosis activity was observed through fluorescence staining Results LMP1 induced TRAF1 expression in NPC cells and caused a decrease in apoptosis This induction could be blocked by antisense LMP1 Moreover, LMP1 mediated induction of a TRAF1 promoter driven reporter gene was significantly impaired when the κB site κB1 or κB5 was disrupted, whereas mutation of κB3 had only a minor effect on LMP1 dependent up regulation of the reporter gene Conclusion LMP1 induces TRAF1 expression and promotes its anti apoptosis activity via the NF κB signaling pathway, which may be one of the mechanisms that LMP1 uses to suppress apoptosis in NPC cells
文摘居民的自然保护态度对自然旅游地的自然保护与旅游可持续发展至关重要,自然旅游地居民自然保护态度的影响因子及影响方式,已经成为自然旅游地管理的重要内容,但相关研究薄弱。以中国九寨沟和英国新森林国家公园(New Forest National Park,NF)为例,根据实地问卷调查数据,从两地居民的人口属性、旅游环保期望、旅游环境影响感知及旅游环境伦理观与其自然保护态度关系的角度,进行定量比较研究。研究发现:(1)两地居民的自然保护态度受不同因子的影响,存在明显的中外差异;(2)人口属性特征如性别、年龄、居住年限、教育水平及旅游业参与情况对新森林国家公园社区居民的自然保护态度没有影响;但性别、旅游业参与情况却影响九寨沟居民的自然保护态度,女性及旅游业参与者更支持对九寨沟进行自然保护;(3)新森林国家公园居民的自然保护态度受其旅游环保期望及旅游环境伦理观的影响:旅游环保期望较高、持保护主义环境伦理观的新森林国家公园居民,更有可能支持对新森林国家公园进行自然保护;(4)九寨沟居民的自然保护态度不受其旅游环保期望及旅游环境伦理的影响,但受其旅游环境影响感知的影响;居民的旅游环境影响感知越消极,越支持对九寨沟进行自然保护。
