2018年,"尼安德特人母亲和丹尼索瓦人父亲的后代基因组"(The genome of the off spring of a Neanderthal mother and a Denisovan father)[1]的研究被Science评选为十大科学突破之一.该研究利用古DNA技术获取了两种古老型人...2018年,"尼安德特人母亲和丹尼索瓦人父亲的后代基因组"(The genome of the off spring of a Neanderthal mother and a Denisovan father)[1]的研究被Science评选为十大科学突破之一.该研究利用古DNA技术获取了两种古老型人类(指生活在约50~4万年前与现代人相近的早期人类,本文主要指尼安德特人和丹尼索瓦人)产生的子一代个体的全基因组信息,还原了一段不为人知的史前人类(泛指包括古老型人类和早期现代人等在史前出现的所有古人类)混血历史.展开更多
The successful retrieval of ancient mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)from Neanderthals provides powerful experimental evidence that clarifies the arguments between the out-of-Africa and multiregional models of evolution.Howeve...The successful retrieval of ancient mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)from Neanderthals provides powerful experimental evidence that clarifies the arguments between the out-of-Africa and multiregional models of evolution.However,the lack of nuclear DNA from Neanderthal fossils and mtDNA of early modern human fossils dating back to approximately the same time in the Pleistocene constitutes a limitation that may compromise the significance of mtDNA phylogenetic analysis.In this report,we introduce a mitochromic analysis using Neanderthal mtDNA as a foreign transgene and humans as a naturally occurring transgenic species.Forty Neanderthal mtDNA retrievable nuclear fragments were identified by blasting human genome data with Neanderthal mtDNA.Five of the 40 fragments exhibited higher correlation with Neanderthal mtDNA than those with modern human mtDNA.Furthermore,these five nuclear fragments harbor Neanderthal mtDNA-unique haplotypes.Based on the 98%+identity between Neanderthal and modern human mtDNA when compared by groups,we suggest that some of the modern human nuclear fragments retrieved using Neanderthal mtDNA may aid in decoding Neanderthal genetic information,and also may simultaneously demonstrate a close genetic evolutionary relationship between modern humans and Neanderthals.展开更多
文摘2018年,"尼安德特人母亲和丹尼索瓦人父亲的后代基因组"(The genome of the off spring of a Neanderthal mother and a Denisovan father)[1]的研究被Science评选为十大科学突破之一.该研究利用古DNA技术获取了两种古老型人类(指生活在约50~4万年前与现代人相近的早期人类,本文主要指尼安德特人和丹尼索瓦人)产生的子一代个体的全基因组信息,还原了一段不为人知的史前人类(泛指包括古老型人类和早期现代人等在史前出现的所有古人类)混血历史.
文摘The successful retrieval of ancient mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)from Neanderthals provides powerful experimental evidence that clarifies the arguments between the out-of-Africa and multiregional models of evolution.However,the lack of nuclear DNA from Neanderthal fossils and mtDNA of early modern human fossils dating back to approximately the same time in the Pleistocene constitutes a limitation that may compromise the significance of mtDNA phylogenetic analysis.In this report,we introduce a mitochromic analysis using Neanderthal mtDNA as a foreign transgene and humans as a naturally occurring transgenic species.Forty Neanderthal mtDNA retrievable nuclear fragments were identified by blasting human genome data with Neanderthal mtDNA.Five of the 40 fragments exhibited higher correlation with Neanderthal mtDNA than those with modern human mtDNA.Furthermore,these five nuclear fragments harbor Neanderthal mtDNA-unique haplotypes.Based on the 98%+identity between Neanderthal and modern human mtDNA when compared by groups,we suggest that some of the modern human nuclear fragments retrieved using Neanderthal mtDNA may aid in decoding Neanderthal genetic information,and also may simultaneously demonstrate a close genetic evolutionary relationship between modern humans and Neanderthals.
基金the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)via the Collaborative Research Center 806(57444011)Patrick Ludwig and Christian Stepanek received funding from the Helmholtz Climate Initiative REKLIM+3 种基金Christian Stepanek acknowledges funding from the Alfred Wegener Institute’s Research Programmesupported by Basic Science Center for Tibetan Plateau Earth System(BSCTPES)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41988101)All computations were done at the German Climate Computing Center(DKRZ,Project 965)。
