The Pt-bearing SO42-/ZrO2 superacid catalysts supported on ultra stable Y (USY) zeolite were prepared by impregnation and characterized by X-ray diffracti on, nitrogen adsorption and Hammett indicators. Their catalyti...The Pt-bearing SO42-/ZrO2 superacid catalysts supported on ultra stable Y (USY) zeolite were prepared by impregnation and characterized by X-ray diffracti on, nitrogen adsorption and Hammett indicators. Their catalytic activities were evaluated in the hydroisomerization of n-heptane with an atmospheric fixed-bed r eactor. The catalysts possessed a high surface area, superacidity and well maint ained pore structure of USY support. The supported catalysts with a suitable SO4 2-/ZrO2 loading exhibited a higher catalytic activity and selectivity than the u nsupported SO42-/ZrO2 catalyst or the Pt supported on USY catalyst without super acid. At the reaction temperature of 220 ℃, over the catalyst with a Pt loading of 0.8wt% and ZrO2 loading of 10wt%, the conversion of n-heptane could be as hi gh as 35.2% with a selectivity of 87.9% for isomerization products.展开更多
By means of X-ray diffraction（XRD）, N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, NH3-temperature（NH3-TPD）, Py-infrared（Py-IR） and thermogravime...By means of X-ray diffraction（XRD）, N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, NH3-temperature（NH3-TPD）, Py-infrared（Py-IR） and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry（TG/DTA） techniques, the influences of Ce on the structure, acidity, stability and hydroisomerization performance of Ni-HPW/MCM-48 and Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalysts were studied. The results showed that introduction of appropriate content of Ce into MCM-48 could improve the crystallinity, acidity and stability of mesoporous silica. The acidity and stability of the Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalyst was also increased. Besides, the catalytic performance of the Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalyst for n-heptane hydroisomerization was promoted. The conversion and selectivity of the Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalyst reached 41% and 91% respectively at the preparation conditions of 4 wt.% Ni, 20 wt.% HPW, 0.03 Ce/Si molar ratio.展开更多
Burning characteristics of small scale thin-layer n-heptane pool fires were experimentally studied.Flame height,burning rate and fuel temperature distribution of pool fires with different diameters were measured.Fuel ...Burning characteristics of small scale thin-layer n-heptane pool fires were experimentally studied.Flame height,burning rate and fuel temperature distribution of pool fires with different diameters were measured.Fuel surface temperature and wall heat flux were analyzed.Four typical burning phases,which include pre-burning,quasi-steady state burning,boiling burning and decaying phases,are revealed based on the experimental data and phenomenological analysis.It is shown that flame height and burning rate of boiling burning phase are both significantly greater than those of quasi-steady state burning phase.Fuel surface temperature rises to boiling point rapidly in the early stage of pool fire,and then remains almost unchanged.Boiling burning will occur when the wall temperature is not less than the fuel boiling point.展开更多
文摘The Pt-bearing SO42-/ZrO2 superacid catalysts supported on ultra stable Y (USY) zeolite were prepared by impregnation and characterized by X-ray diffracti on, nitrogen adsorption and Hammett indicators. Their catalytic activities were evaluated in the hydroisomerization of n-heptane with an atmospheric fixed-bed r eactor. The catalysts possessed a high surface area, superacidity and well maint ained pore structure of USY support. The supported catalysts with a suitable SO4 2-/ZrO2 loading exhibited a higher catalytic activity and selectivity than the u nsupported SO42-/ZrO2 catalyst or the Pt supported on USY catalyst without super acid. At the reaction temperature of 220 ℃, over the catalyst with a Pt loading of 0.8wt% and ZrO2 loading of 10wt%, the conversion of n-heptane could be as hi gh as 35.2% with a selectivity of 87.9% for isomerization products.
基金supported by Graduate Innovation Fund of Heilongjiang Province(YJSCX2012-076HLJ)the Scientific Research Fund of Heilongjiang Provincial Education Department(12521063)
文摘By means of X-ray diffraction（XRD）, N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, NH3-temperature（NH3-TPD）, Py-infrared（Py-IR） and thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry（TG/DTA） techniques, the influences of Ce on the structure, acidity, stability and hydroisomerization performance of Ni-HPW/MCM-48 and Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalysts were studied. The results showed that introduction of appropriate content of Ce into MCM-48 could improve the crystallinity, acidity and stability of mesoporous silica. The acidity and stability of the Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalyst was also increased. Besides, the catalytic performance of the Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalyst for n-heptane hydroisomerization was promoted. The conversion and selectivity of the Ni-HPW/Ce-MCM-48 catalyst reached 41% and 91% respectively at the preparation conditions of 4 wt.% Ni, 20 wt.% HPW, 0.03 Ce/Si molar ratio.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.50976109)the CAS Special Grant for Postgraduate Research,Innovation and Practice
文摘Burning characteristics of small scale thin-layer n-heptane pool fires were experimentally studied.Flame height,burning rate and fuel temperature distribution of pool fires with different diameters were measured.Fuel surface temperature and wall heat flux were analyzed.Four typical burning phases,which include pre-burning,quasi-steady state burning,boiling burning and decaying phases,are revealed based on the experimental data and phenomenological analysis.It is shown that flame height and burning rate of boiling burning phase are both significantly greater than those of quasi-steady state burning phase.Fuel surface temperature rises to boiling point rapidly in the early stage of pool fire,and then remains almost unchanged.Boiling burning will occur when the wall temperature is not less than the fuel boiling point.
