FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of nanostructures.This approach involves collecting in-p...FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of nanostructures.This approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image stacks.However,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current plane.This artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm insufficient.Inthis study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of nanostructures.By treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.展开更多
A key step is to extract valid information region in the fusion of multi-voltage X-ray image sequence for complicated components. To improve the self-adaption of extraction, a method is presented in this paper. In thi...A key step is to extract valid information region in the fusion of multi-voltage X-ray image sequence for complicated components. To improve the self-adaption of extraction, a method is presented in this paper. In this paper, the valid informa-tion region is selected by the grey level interval, which is computed by the optimization of image quality evaluation model. The model is based on the histogram equalization and the grey level interval. Then, every valid region of images at different voltages is extracted and they are fused according their grey level transformation function. The fusion image contains completed struc-ture information of the component. The fusion experiment of a cylinder head shows the effectiveness of the presented method.展开更多
A multi-voltage probe array system is designed to measure the coupling resistance of an ion cyclotron resonance frequency antenna. In the process of the antenna coupling resistance data extraction, the minimization al...A multi-voltage probe array system is designed to measure the coupling resistance of an ion cyclotron resonance frequency antenna. In the process of the antenna coupling resistance data extraction, the minimization algorithm, the original Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, is replaced by the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm to achieve more stable and accurate results. Moreover, a simple model of the multi-voltage probe array was applied to simulate the performance of the Kalman filter, and to optimize the distance and position of the probes and probe number to mitigate the influence of the system noise on the rebuilt results. During the EAST experiment in 2019, a four-voltage probe array was applied to measure the coupling resistance of line 6 during high confined mode discharge. The measurement results by the multivoltage probe array system and the voltage/current probe pair show a good agreement.展开更多
难于阻断直流侧故障电流是典型半桥模块化多电平换流器(half bridge sub module based modular multilevel converter,HBSM-MMC)的固有缺陷,严重影响该类型换流器在直流电网中的应用,因此开展具有直流故障电流阻断能力的MMC拓扑及控制...难于阻断直流侧故障电流是典型半桥模块化多电平换流器(half bridge sub module based modular multilevel converter,HBSM-MMC)的固有缺陷,严重影响该类型换流器在直流电网中的应用,因此开展具有直流故障电流阻断能力的MMC拓扑及控制技术研究意义重大。首先介绍典型HBSM-MMC的拓扑结构及工作原理,阐述其直流侧故障特性及影响机理,对比分析现阶段存在的直流侧故障清除方法及优缺点,指出基于换流器拓扑的自清除方法是解决直流侧故障电流阻断问题的最有效方法之一;通过对国内外MMC拓扑的调研,分别详细研究3类MMC优化拓扑结构及其直流故障隔离和电流阻断机理,对比分析3类优化拓扑的各项参数和功能实现的优缺点,为后续MMC技术在多端直流输电系统和多电压等级直流电网中的应用提供技术参考。展开更多
直流变压器是解决直流输电系统互联时电压等级不一致问题的主要方法,然而直流变压器的故障特性和恢复策略尚不清楚。文中研究了模块化组合式直流变压器(modular combined DC transformer,MCT)在直流单极接地故障下的暂态特性,并分析了...直流变压器是解决直流输电系统互联时电压等级不一致问题的主要方法,然而直流变压器的故障特性和恢复策略尚不清楚。文中研究了模块化组合式直流变压器(modular combined DC transformer,MCT)在直流单极接地故障下的暂态特性,并分析了不同故障下交流侧隔直电容的放电过程,提出了相应的故障恢复策略。最后在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建了含有MCT的柔性直流输电系统仿真模型,时域仿真结果验证了故障特性分析和故障恢复策略的正确性和有效性。展开更多
基金funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemein-schaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)-SFB 986-Project number 192346071.
文摘FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of nanostructures.This approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image stacks.However,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current plane.This artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm insufficient.Inthis study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of nanostructures.By treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61227003,No.61301259,No.61471325and No.61571404)Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(No.2015021099)
文摘A key step is to extract valid information region in the fusion of multi-voltage X-ray image sequence for complicated components. To improve the self-adaption of extraction, a method is presented in this paper. In this paper, the valid informa-tion region is selected by the grey level interval, which is computed by the optimization of image quality evaluation model. The model is based on the histogram equalization and the grey level interval. Then, every valid region of images at different voltages is extracted and they are fused according their grey level transformation function. The fusion image contains completed struc-ture information of the component. The fusion experiment of a cylinder head shows the effectiveness of the presented method.
基金China Fusion Engineering Experimental Reactor General Integration and Engineering Design (No. 2017YFE0300503)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11775258)the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology Program of China (No. 2018-000052-73-01-001228)。
文摘A multi-voltage probe array system is designed to measure the coupling resistance of an ion cyclotron resonance frequency antenna. In the process of the antenna coupling resistance data extraction, the minimization algorithm, the original Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm, is replaced by the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm to achieve more stable and accurate results. Moreover, a simple model of the multi-voltage probe array was applied to simulate the performance of the Kalman filter, and to optimize the distance and position of the probes and probe number to mitigate the influence of the system noise on the rebuilt results. During the EAST experiment in 2019, a four-voltage probe array was applied to measure the coupling resistance of line 6 during high confined mode discharge. The measurement results by the multivoltage probe array system and the voltage/current probe pair show a good agreement.
文摘难于阻断直流侧故障电流是典型半桥模块化多电平换流器(half bridge sub module based modular multilevel converter,HBSM-MMC)的固有缺陷,严重影响该类型换流器在直流电网中的应用,因此开展具有直流故障电流阻断能力的MMC拓扑及控制技术研究意义重大。首先介绍典型HBSM-MMC的拓扑结构及工作原理,阐述其直流侧故障特性及影响机理,对比分析现阶段存在的直流侧故障清除方法及优缺点,指出基于换流器拓扑的自清除方法是解决直流侧故障电流阻断问题的最有效方法之一;通过对国内外MMC拓扑的调研,分别详细研究3类MMC优化拓扑结构及其直流故障隔离和电流阻断机理,对比分析3类优化拓扑的各项参数和功能实现的优缺点,为后续MMC技术在多端直流输电系统和多电压等级直流电网中的应用提供技术参考。
文摘直流变压器是解决直流输电系统互联时电压等级不一致问题的主要方法,然而直流变压器的故障特性和恢复策略尚不清楚。文中研究了模块化组合式直流变压器(modular combined DC transformer,MCT)在直流单极接地故障下的暂态特性,并分析了不同故障下交流侧隔直电容的放电过程,提出了相应的故障恢复策略。最后在PSCAD/EMTDC中搭建了含有MCT的柔性直流输电系统仿真模型,时域仿真结果验证了故障特性分析和故障恢复策略的正确性和有效性。
