目的筛选试验鱼适宜急性毒性试验的发育期。方法将诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼、中期仔鱼、晚期仔鱼、稚鱼、幼鱼及成鱼暴露于一定浓度的钻井液中,比较钻井液对不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的急性毒性。结果早期仔鱼48 h LC50为157 mg/L,中期仔鱼48...目的筛选试验鱼适宜急性毒性试验的发育期。方法将诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼、中期仔鱼、晚期仔鱼、稚鱼、幼鱼及成鱼暴露于一定浓度的钻井液中,比较钻井液对不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的急性毒性。结果早期仔鱼48 h LC50为157 mg/L,中期仔鱼48 h LC50大于500 mg/L;中期仔鱼96 h LC50为79 mg/L,晚期仔鱼96h LC50为625 mg/L,稚鱼、幼鱼、成鱼96 h LC50显著大于500 mg/L;卤虫无节幼体96 h LC50为105 mg/L;不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对钻井液的敏感性顺序为:早期仔鱼>中期仔鱼>晚期仔鱼>稚、幼、成鱼。结论诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的早期仔鱼适用于海洋污染物急性毒性评价。展开更多
The toxicity of nano-materials has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, relatively few studies have focused on their oceanic distributions and toxicities. In this study, we assessed nano-ZnO to...The toxicity of nano-materials has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, relatively few studies have focused on their oceanic distributions and toxicities. In this study, we assessed nano-ZnO toxicity in marine organisms using the yellowstriped goby （Mugilogobius chulae）. The relative differences in nano-ZnO dissolution and dispersal in seawater and fresh water were also investigated. The effects of nano-ZnO on embryonic development, deformity, hatching, mortality, and histopathology were analyzed. In addition, the effects of the Zn2＋ concentration on M. chulae hatching and mortality were compared. The results showed that nano-ZnO had higher solubility in seawater than in fresh water. Nano-ZnO significantly inhibited hatching. By the fifth day of exposure, the LC50 of nano-ZnO was 45.40 mg/L, and the mortality rate spiked. Hatching inhibition and lethality were dose-dependent over a range of 1-25 mg/L nano-ZnO. Zn2＋ inhibited hatching and increased lethality, but its effects were weaker than those of nano-ZnO at the same concentrations. Nano-ZnO also induced spinal bending, oedema, hypoplasia, and other deformities in M. chulae embryos and larvae. Histopathology revealed vacuolar degeneration, hepatocyte and enterocyte enlargement, and morphological abnormalities of the vertebrae. Therefore, nano-ZnO caused malformations in M. chulae by affecting embryonic growth and development. We conclude that nano-ZnO toxicity in seawater was significantly positively correlated with the associated Zn2＋ concentration and sedimentary behaviour. The toxicity of nano-ZnO was cumulative and showed a critical point, beyond which embryonic and developmental toxicity in marine fish was observed.展开更多
文摘目的筛选试验鱼适宜急性毒性试验的发育期。方法将诸氏鲻虾虎鱼早期仔鱼、中期仔鱼、晚期仔鱼、稚鱼、幼鱼及成鱼暴露于一定浓度的钻井液中,比较钻井液对不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的急性毒性。结果早期仔鱼48 h LC50为157 mg/L,中期仔鱼48 h LC50大于500 mg/L;中期仔鱼96 h LC50为79 mg/L,晚期仔鱼96h LC50为625 mg/L,稚鱼、幼鱼、成鱼96 h LC50显著大于500 mg/L;卤虫无节幼体96 h LC50为105 mg/L;不同发育期诸氏鲻虾虎鱼对钻井液的敏感性顺序为:早期仔鱼>中期仔鱼>晚期仔鱼>稚、幼、成鱼。结论诸氏鲻虾虎鱼的早期仔鱼适用于海洋污染物急性毒性评价。
基金supported by the Science and Technology Programs of Guangdong Province(Nos.2015A020215031,2013B020600007,and 2012B050200002)supported by the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China(No.2015BAI09B05)
文摘The toxicity of nano-materials has received increasing attention in recent years. Nevertheless, relatively few studies have focused on their oceanic distributions and toxicities. In this study, we assessed nano-ZnO toxicity in marine organisms using the yellowstriped goby （Mugilogobius chulae）. The relative differences in nano-ZnO dissolution and dispersal in seawater and fresh water were also investigated. The effects of nano-ZnO on embryonic development, deformity, hatching, mortality, and histopathology were analyzed. In addition, the effects of the Zn2＋ concentration on M. chulae hatching and mortality were compared. The results showed that nano-ZnO had higher solubility in seawater than in fresh water. Nano-ZnO significantly inhibited hatching. By the fifth day of exposure, the LC50 of nano-ZnO was 45.40 mg/L, and the mortality rate spiked. Hatching inhibition and lethality were dose-dependent over a range of 1-25 mg/L nano-ZnO. Zn2＋ inhibited hatching and increased lethality, but its effects were weaker than those of nano-ZnO at the same concentrations. Nano-ZnO also induced spinal bending, oedema, hypoplasia, and other deformities in M. chulae embryos and larvae. Histopathology revealed vacuolar degeneration, hepatocyte and enterocyte enlargement, and morphological abnormalities of the vertebrae. Therefore, nano-ZnO caused malformations in M. chulae by affecting embryonic growth and development. We conclude that nano-ZnO toxicity in seawater was significantly positively correlated with the associated Zn2＋ concentration and sedimentary behaviour. The toxicity of nano-ZnO was cumulative and showed a critical point, beyond which embryonic and developmental toxicity in marine fish was observed.
