Mucosal vaccines that stimulate both mucosal and systemic immune responses are desirable,as they could prevent the invading pathogens at their initial infection sites in a convenient and userfriendly way. Nanovaccines...Mucosal vaccines that stimulate both mucosal and systemic immune responses are desirable,as they could prevent the invading pathogens at their initial infection sites in a convenient and userfriendly way. Nanovaccines are receiving increasing attention for mucosal vaccination due to their merits in overcoming mucosal immune barriers and in enhancing immunogenicity of the encapsulated antigens.Herein, we summarized several nanovaccine strategies that have been reported for enhancing mucosal immune responses, including designing nanovaccines that have superior mucoadhesion and mucus penetration capacity, designing nanovaccines with better targeting efficiency to M cells or antigen-presenting cells, and co-delivering adjuvants by using nanovaccines. The reported applications of mucosal nanovaccines were also briefly discussed, including prevention of infectious diseases, and treatment of tumors and autoimmune diseases. Future research progresses in mucosal nanovaccines may promote the clinical translation and application of mucosal vaccines.展开更多
Patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)often loss responses over long term usage of conventional therapies.Tofacitinib,a pan-Janus kinases(JAK)inhibitor is approved for moderate to severe UC treatment,while dose-limiting...Patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)often loss responses over long term usage of conventional therapies.Tofacitinib,a pan-Janus kinases(JAK)inhibitor is approved for moderate to severe UC treatment,while dose-limiting systemic side effects including infections,cancers and lymphoma limit its popularity of clinical application.This study sought to construct an anti-mucosal vascular addressin cell-adhesion molecule-1(anti-MAdCAM-1)antibody modified reactive oxygen species(ROS)responsive human serum albumin-based nanomedicine denoted as THM,to improve the therapeutic efficacy of tofacitinib for UC treatment.THM has the drug releasing properties in response to ROS stimulation.In vitro studies show that THM selectively adhered to the endothelial cells and had obvious anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages.Meanwhile,the nanomedicine can inhibit the phenotypic switching of M1 macrophages and promote M2 polarization to produce anti-inflammatory medicators during wound healing.In addition,in vivo fluorescence imaging verified that THM exhibited enhanced preferential accumulation and extended retention in inflamed colon.Moreover,THM significantly reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines in the colon and suppressed the homing of T cells to the gut in dextran sodium sulfate induced experimental colitis.This work elucidates that the inflamed colon-targeted delivery of tofacitinib by nanomedicine is promising for UC treatment and sheds light on addressing the unmet medical need.展开更多
AIM To study mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule-1(MAd CAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-targeted contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) for the assessment of murine colitis and carcinogenesis. ...AIM To study mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule-1(MAd CAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-targeted contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) for the assessment of murine colitis and carcinogenesis. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were challenged with 3% dextran sodium-sulfate(DSS) for three, six or nine days to study the development of acute colitis. Ultrasound was performed with and without the addition of unspecific contrast agents. MAd CAM-1-targeted contrast agent was used to detect and quantify MAd CAM-1 expression. Inflammatory driven colorectal azoxymethane(AOM)/DSS-induced carcinogenesis was examined on day 42 and 84 using VEGF-targeted contrast agent. Highly specific tissue echogenicity was quantified using specialized software. Sonographic findings were correlated to tissue staining, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry to quantify the degree of inflammation and stage of carcinogenesis. RESULTS Native ultrasound detected increased general bowel wall thickening that correlated with more progressed and more severe DSS-colitis(healthy mice: 0.3 mm ± 0.03 vs six days DSS: 0.5 mm ± 0.2 vs nine days DSS: 0.6 mm ± 0.2, P < 0.05). Moreover, these sonographic findings correlated well with clinical parameters such as weight loss(r2 = 0.74) and histological damage(r2 = 0.86)(P < 0.01). In acute DSS-induced murine colitis, CEUS targeted against MAd CAM-1 detected and differentiated stages of mild, moderate and severe colitis via calculation of mean pixel contrast intensity in decibel(9.6 d B ± 1.6 vs 12.9 d B ± 1.4 vs 18 d B ± 3.33, P < 0.05). Employing the AOM/DSSinduced carcinogenesis model, tumor development was monitored by CEUS targeted against VEGF and detected a significantly increased echogenicity in tumors as compared to adjacent healthy mucosa(healthy mucosa, 1.6 d B ± 1.4 vs 42 d, 18.2 d B ± 3.3 vs 84 d, 18.6 d B ± 4.9, P < 0.01). Tissue echogenicity strongly correlated with histological analysis and immunohistochemistry findings(VEGF-positive cells in 10 high power fields of h展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81925036 & 82003684)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Grant (2019M663534, China)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (No. 2020YFS0570, China)Sichuan Veterinary Medicine and Drug Innovation Group of China Agricultural Research System (CARS-SVDIP, China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesSichuan University Postdoctoral Interdisciplinary Innovation Fund。
文摘Mucosal vaccines that stimulate both mucosal and systemic immune responses are desirable,as they could prevent the invading pathogens at their initial infection sites in a convenient and userfriendly way. Nanovaccines are receiving increasing attention for mucosal vaccination due to their merits in overcoming mucosal immune barriers and in enhancing immunogenicity of the encapsulated antigens.Herein, we summarized several nanovaccine strategies that have been reported for enhancing mucosal immune responses, including designing nanovaccines that have superior mucoadhesion and mucus penetration capacity, designing nanovaccines with better targeting efficiency to M cells or antigen-presenting cells, and co-delivering adjuvants by using nanovaccines. The reported applications of mucosal nanovaccines were also briefly discussed, including prevention of infectious diseases, and treatment of tumors and autoimmune diseases. Future research progresses in mucosal nanovaccines may promote the clinical translation and application of mucosal vaccines.
基金This work was partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31971302 and 82170532)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2019A1515011597)+2 种基金the talent young scientist supporting program of China Association for Science and Technology,the Educational Commission of Guangdong Province of China key Project(No.2020ZDZX2001)the joint grant between Guangzhou City and College(No.202102010106)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project(No.202201011509).
文摘Patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)often loss responses over long term usage of conventional therapies.Tofacitinib,a pan-Janus kinases(JAK)inhibitor is approved for moderate to severe UC treatment,while dose-limiting systemic side effects including infections,cancers and lymphoma limit its popularity of clinical application.This study sought to construct an anti-mucosal vascular addressin cell-adhesion molecule-1(anti-MAdCAM-1)antibody modified reactive oxygen species(ROS)responsive human serum albumin-based nanomedicine denoted as THM,to improve the therapeutic efficacy of tofacitinib for UC treatment.THM has the drug releasing properties in response to ROS stimulation.In vitro studies show that THM selectively adhered to the endothelial cells and had obvious anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages.Meanwhile,the nanomedicine can inhibit the phenotypic switching of M1 macrophages and promote M2 polarization to produce anti-inflammatory medicators during wound healing.In addition,in vivo fluorescence imaging verified that THM exhibited enhanced preferential accumulation and extended retention in inflamed colon.Moreover,THM significantly reduced the production of proinflammatory cytokines in the colon and suppressed the homing of T cells to the gut in dextran sodium sulfate induced experimental colitis.This work elucidates that the inflamed colon-targeted delivery of tofacitinib by nanomedicine is promising for UC treatment and sheds light on addressing the unmet medical need.
文摘AIM To study mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule-1(MAd CAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-targeted contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) for the assessment of murine colitis and carcinogenesis. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were challenged with 3% dextran sodium-sulfate(DSS) for three, six or nine days to study the development of acute colitis. Ultrasound was performed with and without the addition of unspecific contrast agents. MAd CAM-1-targeted contrast agent was used to detect and quantify MAd CAM-1 expression. Inflammatory driven colorectal azoxymethane(AOM)/DSS-induced carcinogenesis was examined on day 42 and 84 using VEGF-targeted contrast agent. Highly specific tissue echogenicity was quantified using specialized software. Sonographic findings were correlated to tissue staining, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry to quantify the degree of inflammation and stage of carcinogenesis. RESULTS Native ultrasound detected increased general bowel wall thickening that correlated with more progressed and more severe DSS-colitis(healthy mice: 0.3 mm ± 0.03 vs six days DSS: 0.5 mm ± 0.2 vs nine days DSS: 0.6 mm ± 0.2, P < 0.05). Moreover, these sonographic findings correlated well with clinical parameters such as weight loss(r2 = 0.74) and histological damage(r2 = 0.86)(P < 0.01). In acute DSS-induced murine colitis, CEUS targeted against MAd CAM-1 detected and differentiated stages of mild, moderate and severe colitis via calculation of mean pixel contrast intensity in decibel(9.6 d B ± 1.6 vs 12.9 d B ± 1.4 vs 18 d B ± 3.33, P < 0.05). Employing the AOM/DSSinduced carcinogenesis model, tumor development was monitored by CEUS targeted against VEGF and detected a significantly increased echogenicity in tumors as compared to adjacent healthy mucosa(healthy mucosa, 1.6 d B ± 1.4 vs 42 d, 18.2 d B ± 3.3 vs 84 d, 18.6 d B ± 4.9, P < 0.01). Tissue echogenicity strongly correlated with histological analysis and immunohistochemistry findings(VEGF-positive cells in 10 high power fields of h
