Near-surface wind measurements obtained with five 100-m meteorology towers, 39 regional automatic stations, and simulations by the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model were used to investigate the spatial st...Near-surface wind measurements obtained with five 100-m meteorology towers, 39 regional automatic stations, and simulations by the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model were used to investigate the spatial structure of topography-driven flows in the complex urban terrain of Urumqi, China. The results showed that the wind directions were mainly northerly and southerly within the reach of 100 m above ground in the southern suburbs, urban area, and northern suburbs, which were consistent with the form of the Urumqi gorge. Strong winds were observed in southern suburbs, whereas the winds in the urban, northern suburbs, and northern rural areas were weak. Static wind occurred more frequently in the urban and northern rural areas than in the southern suburbs. In the southern suburbs, wind speed was relatively high throughout the year and did not show significant seasonal variations. The average annual wind speed in this region varied among 1.9-5.5, 1.1-3.6, 1.2 4.3, 1.2 4.3, and 1.1 3.5 m s-1 within the reach of 100 m above ground at Yannanlijiao, Shuitashan, Liyushan, Hongguangshan, and Midong, respectively. The flow characteristics comprised more airflows around the mountain, where the convergence and divergence were dominated by the terrain in eastern and southwestern Urumqi. Further analysis showed that there was a significant mountain-valley wind in spring, summer, and autumn, which occurred more frequently in spring and summer for 10- 11 h in urban and northern suburbs. During daytime, there was a northerly valley wind, whereas at night there was a southerly mountain wind. The conversion time from the mountain wind to the valley wind was during 0800-1000 LST （Local Standard Time）, while the conversion from the valley wind to the mountain wind was during 1900- 2100 LST. The influence of the mountain-valley wind in Urumqi City was most obvious at 850 hPa, according to the WRF model.展开更多
本文利用中尺度模式WRF(weather research and forecasting)模拟了2016年干季和湿季高黎贡山南段(腾冲—保山地区)山谷风环流,分析YSU、MYJ、MYNN3、ACM2和BouLac五种边界层参数化方案在高黎贡山复杂下垫面的适用性。研究结果表明YSU方...本文利用中尺度模式WRF(weather research and forecasting)模拟了2016年干季和湿季高黎贡山南段(腾冲—保山地区)山谷风环流,分析YSU、MYJ、MYNN3、ACM2和BouLac五种边界层参数化方案在高黎贡山复杂下垫面的适用性。研究结果表明YSU方案对温度模拟的效果最好;ACM2模拟的风速平均绝对误差最小;MYNN3方案模拟的风向绝对误差最小,YSU方案和MYJ方案模拟的风向日变化趋势与观测更加一致。高黎贡山南段地区上午09时(北京时,下同)出现谷风环流,夜间19时转为山风环流。白天多为偏南风,夜间为偏北风和偏西风。白天山顶气流辐合而山谷气流辐散,夜间相反。白天风速大于夜间。干季西风风力较弱,有利于低层局地环流的发展;而湿季受较强的偏东背景风影响时,局地环流的发展受到抑制,边界层高度也就低于干季。干季西风遇到高黎贡山,在西坡下沉并形成涡旋,西侧湍流混合充分,边界层高度高;湿季偏东风使高黎贡山西侧谷风减弱,腾冲与保山的边界层高度相差不大。展开更多
基金Supported by the China Desert Meteorological Science Research Fund(Sqj2015009)Basic Business Expenses(IDM201505)China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund[GYHY(QX)201506001-14]
文摘Near-surface wind measurements obtained with five 100-m meteorology towers, 39 regional automatic stations, and simulations by the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model were used to investigate the spatial structure of topography-driven flows in the complex urban terrain of Urumqi, China. The results showed that the wind directions were mainly northerly and southerly within the reach of 100 m above ground in the southern suburbs, urban area, and northern suburbs, which were consistent with the form of the Urumqi gorge. Strong winds were observed in southern suburbs, whereas the winds in the urban, northern suburbs, and northern rural areas were weak. Static wind occurred more frequently in the urban and northern rural areas than in the southern suburbs. In the southern suburbs, wind speed was relatively high throughout the year and did not show significant seasonal variations. The average annual wind speed in this region varied among 1.9-5.5, 1.1-3.6, 1.2 4.3, 1.2 4.3, and 1.1 3.5 m s-1 within the reach of 100 m above ground at Yannanlijiao, Shuitashan, Liyushan, Hongguangshan, and Midong, respectively. The flow characteristics comprised more airflows around the mountain, where the convergence and divergence were dominated by the terrain in eastern and southwestern Urumqi. Further analysis showed that there was a significant mountain-valley wind in spring, summer, and autumn, which occurred more frequently in spring and summer for 10- 11 h in urban and northern suburbs. During daytime, there was a northerly valley wind, whereas at night there was a southerly mountain wind. The conversion time from the mountain wind to the valley wind was during 0800-1000 LST （Local Standard Time）, while the conversion from the valley wind to the mountain wind was during 1900- 2100 LST. The influence of the mountain-valley wind in Urumqi City was most obvious at 850 hPa, according to the WRF model.
文摘本文利用中尺度模式WRF(weather research and forecasting)模拟了2016年干季和湿季高黎贡山南段(腾冲—保山地区)山谷风环流,分析YSU、MYJ、MYNN3、ACM2和BouLac五种边界层参数化方案在高黎贡山复杂下垫面的适用性。研究结果表明YSU方案对温度模拟的效果最好;ACM2模拟的风速平均绝对误差最小;MYNN3方案模拟的风向绝对误差最小,YSU方案和MYJ方案模拟的风向日变化趋势与观测更加一致。高黎贡山南段地区上午09时(北京时,下同)出现谷风环流,夜间19时转为山风环流。白天多为偏南风,夜间为偏北风和偏西风。白天山顶气流辐合而山谷气流辐散,夜间相反。白天风速大于夜间。干季西风风力较弱,有利于低层局地环流的发展;而湿季受较强的偏东背景风影响时,局地环流的发展受到抑制,边界层高度也就低于干季。干季西风遇到高黎贡山,在西坡下沉并形成涡旋,西侧湍流混合充分,边界层高度高;湿季偏东风使高黎贡山西侧谷风减弱,腾冲与保山的边界层高度相差不大。
