In order to understand the occurrence and development of Semanotus bifasciatus （Motschulsky）, a borer insect of Platycladus orientalis in parts of northern and eastern China and to improve its prediction, the develo...In order to understand the occurrence and development of Semanotus bifasciatus （Motschulsky）, a borer insect of Platycladus orientalis in parts of northern and eastern China and to improve its prediction, the developmental threshold temperature （C1） and effective accumulated temperature （K） of S. bifasciatus were determined under conditions of constant and variable temperatures. The results show that under constant temperatures the value of C1 has a range of 8.90±1.77℃and the value of K lies between 95.19±13.14 degree-day for eggs; the values for larvae are C1= 13.26±3.06℃ and the number of degree-day is K 2,885.07±187.87 degree-day; for pupae the ranges are C1 = 8.93±2.49℃ and K= 131.20±25.63 degree-day. Under the condition of ambient temperatures, the values for eggs are C1= 17.33±1.24℃ and K= 70.79±8.99 degree-day. It is suggested that S. bifasciatus adults over-winter in a state of dormancy, not at a diapause. Warm winter may accelerate the life cycle ofS. bifasciatus. Equations can be used to predict an early occurrence ofS. bifasciatus.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to provide the theoretical basis for the development of Saponins isolated from Sapindus mukurossi in the application of pesticides and lay the foundation for the development and utilization...[Objective] The study aimed to provide the theoretical basis for the development of Saponins isolated from Sapindus mukurossi in the application of pesticides and lay the foundation for the development and utilization of Sapindus species resources in Yunnan province. [ Method] Saponine from S. mukurossi was extracted by the methods of dipping, feed mixed with pesticide, unlimited feeding, and conducted indoor toxicity determination on Plutella xylostella （Linnaeus）, Sitophilus zeamais motschulsky and Drosophila. [ Result] Saponin had no poisoning activity on maize weevil, while it had certain biological activity on diamondback moth and fruit fly, but it had high activity on fruit fly, when the concentration was 50 mg/ml, mortality was 100% at 72 h, LCso was 4.06 mg/ml at 72 h, LTso was 30.19 h when the concentration was 25.000 mg/ml. [Conclusion] Saponins from S. mukurossi could be develooed and utilized as the material for botanical eesticide.展开更多
Light is one of the key environmental factors for insects to survive.Artificial light sources different from natural environmental light can cause light stress in insects.Yellow and green light stress can interfere wi...Light is one of the key environmental factors for insects to survive.Artificial light sources different from natural environmental light can cause light stress in insects.Yellow and green light stress can interfere with the diurnal rhythm of nocturnal moths and their mating,oviposition,and adult longevity.The scarabaeid beetles Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky and Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky are widely distributed,and they are very harmful underground pests.In order to clarify the effects of light stress on their behaviors,individuals of both species were exposed to yellow light(565-585 nm)and green light(525-545 nm),with different light intensity gradients of yellow light in a laboratory setting.The short-term light stress treatment of A.corpulenta and H.parallela was carried out at night.The number of beetles emerging per half an hour was recorded,and mating pairs and feeding activity in 24 h were counted.The results showed that yellow and green light stress significantly changed the rhythm and reduced the rate of beetle emergence in the two beetle species investigated.Also,the peak emergence activity was delayed and the feeding and mating activities were significantly reduced.When treated with different intensities of yellow light,it was found that the rate of emergence of A.corpulenta under 10 lx was close to the control groups.The rate of emergence in H.parallela was significantly lower than the control groups before 0:00,in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups,but after 0:00,the emergence rate of H.parallela was significantly higher in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups than other treatments.However,the emergence rhythms in the three light intensity treatment groups are basically the same as in the control groups.The feeding amount and mating beetles in the three light intensity treatment groups were significantly lower than in the control groups.There were no significant differences in the three treatments.The results show that light stress above 10 lx significantly interferes with the behavioral a展开更多
Based on an analytical TCT-GC/MS method, volatile compounds of branches of Platycladus orientalis under three physiological states （healthy, weak and baited trees） were analyzed. The results showed that α-pinene, ...Based on an analytical TCT-GC/MS method, volatile compounds of branches of Platycladus orientalis under three physiological states （healthy, weak and baited trees） were analyzed. The results showed that α-pinene, β-phellandrene, 3-careen, limonene and thujopsene were released under all three physiological states. There were other kinds of volatiles released from branches of weak P. orientalis trees, such as camphene, γ-terpinene, （＋）-4-carene and cedrene, but these four volatiles compounds were not released from the branches of healthy P. orientalis. Volatile components from the physically damaged branches of P. orientalis had changed. β-terpinene, mycrene, isocaryophillene and caryophyllene were identified in both healthy and weak branches of P. orientalis. Only cedrene was identified in the baited wood. Electroantennogram （EAG） tests were conducted with nine volatile compounds from the branches of P. orientalis. Antennnae of male and female Semanotus bifasciatus （Motschulsky） were highly sensitive to these nine volatile compounds. Cedrene elicited the strongest response, whereas β-terpinene the lowest. Males and females showed no signifi-cant difference in their EAG responses to the nine volatile compounds.展开更多
The nutritional ingredients of adult Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky were analyzed comprehensively in this study.It was showed that the content of water in H.parallela was 78.39%,and the content of dry substances wa...The nutritional ingredients of adult Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky were analyzed comprehensively in this study.It was showed that the content of water in H.parallela was 78.39%,and the content of dry substances was 21.61%;among dry substances,crude protein,crude fat,ash and crude fiber accounted for 70.27%,16.26%,3.61% and 10.36%,respectively.The mineral elements,trace mineral elements and heavy metals were also determined by Microwave Digestion-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry.The results indicated that the contents of major elements including potassium（K）,magnesium（Mg）,Calcium（Ca）,iron（Fe）were rich,especially the potassium（K）,up to 2 851 mg/kg.In addition,the content of copper was 8.770 167 mg/kg,and the selenium was 0.108 232 mg/kg.It was suggested that H.parallela could be used as good human food and animal feed.展开更多
In this paper,a new species of pentatomid bug Menida speciosa Zheng & Xiong,sp.nov.is described from southwestern part of Yunnan Province of China;and the Menida salvazana Distant 1921 is redescribed and f...In this paper,a new species of pentatomid bug Menida speciosa Zheng & Xiong,sp.nov.is described from southwestern part of Yunnan Province of China;and the Menida salvazana Distant 1921 is redescribed and figured based upon the type material.展开更多
文摘In order to understand the occurrence and development of Semanotus bifasciatus （Motschulsky）, a borer insect of Platycladus orientalis in parts of northern and eastern China and to improve its prediction, the developmental threshold temperature （C1） and effective accumulated temperature （K） of S. bifasciatus were determined under conditions of constant and variable temperatures. The results show that under constant temperatures the value of C1 has a range of 8.90±1.77℃and the value of K lies between 95.19±13.14 degree-day for eggs; the values for larvae are C1= 13.26±3.06℃ and the number of degree-day is K 2,885.07±187.87 degree-day; for pupae the ranges are C1 = 8.93±2.49℃ and K= 131.20±25.63 degree-day. Under the condition of ambient temperatures, the values for eggs are C1= 17.33±1.24℃ and K= 70.79±8.99 degree-day. It is suggested that S. bifasciatus adults over-winter in a state of dormancy, not at a diapause. Warm winter may accelerate the life cycle ofS. bifasciatus. Equations can be used to predict an early occurrence ofS. bifasciatus.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30660108)~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to provide the theoretical basis for the development of Saponins isolated from Sapindus mukurossi in the application of pesticides and lay the foundation for the development and utilization of Sapindus species resources in Yunnan province. [ Method] Saponine from S. mukurossi was extracted by the methods of dipping, feed mixed with pesticide, unlimited feeding, and conducted indoor toxicity determination on Plutella xylostella （Linnaeus）, Sitophilus zeamais motschulsky and Drosophila. [ Result] Saponin had no poisoning activity on maize weevil, while it had certain biological activity on diamondback moth and fruit fly, but it had high activity on fruit fly, when the concentration was 50 mg/ml, mortality was 100% at 72 h, LCso was 4.06 mg/ml at 72 h, LTso was 30.19 h when the concentration was 25.000 mg/ml. [Conclusion] Saponins from S. mukurossi could be develooed and utilized as the material for botanical eesticide.
基金supported by the Fund for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32001902)Henan Scientific and Technical Attack Project(Grant No.12102110460)+2 种基金Underground pest post of the national wheat industry system(CARS-03)Major public welfare special projects in Henan Province(201300111500)Basic scientific research business fee of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2021zc42).
文摘Light is one of the key environmental factors for insects to survive.Artificial light sources different from natural environmental light can cause light stress in insects.Yellow and green light stress can interfere with the diurnal rhythm of nocturnal moths and their mating,oviposition,and adult longevity.The scarabaeid beetles Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky and Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky are widely distributed,and they are very harmful underground pests.In order to clarify the effects of light stress on their behaviors,individuals of both species were exposed to yellow light(565-585 nm)and green light(525-545 nm),with different light intensity gradients of yellow light in a laboratory setting.The short-term light stress treatment of A.corpulenta and H.parallela was carried out at night.The number of beetles emerging per half an hour was recorded,and mating pairs and feeding activity in 24 h were counted.The results showed that yellow and green light stress significantly changed the rhythm and reduced the rate of beetle emergence in the two beetle species investigated.Also,the peak emergence activity was delayed and the feeding and mating activities were significantly reduced.When treated with different intensities of yellow light,it was found that the rate of emergence of A.corpulenta under 10 lx was close to the control groups.The rate of emergence in H.parallela was significantly lower than the control groups before 0:00,in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups,but after 0:00,the emergence rate of H.parallela was significantly higher in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups than other treatments.However,the emergence rhythms in the three light intensity treatment groups are basically the same as in the control groups.The feeding amount and mating beetles in the three light intensity treatment groups were significantly lower than in the control groups.There were no significant differences in the three treatments.The results show that light stress above 10 lx significantly interferes with the behavioral a
文摘Based on an analytical TCT-GC/MS method, volatile compounds of branches of Platycladus orientalis under three physiological states （healthy, weak and baited trees） were analyzed. The results showed that α-pinene, β-phellandrene, 3-careen, limonene and thujopsene were released under all three physiological states. There were other kinds of volatiles released from branches of weak P. orientalis trees, such as camphene, γ-terpinene, （＋）-4-carene and cedrene, but these four volatiles compounds were not released from the branches of healthy P. orientalis. Volatile components from the physically damaged branches of P. orientalis had changed. β-terpinene, mycrene, isocaryophillene and caryophyllene were identified in both healthy and weak branches of P. orientalis. Only cedrene was identified in the baited wood. Electroantennogram （EAG） tests were conducted with nine volatile compounds from the branches of P. orientalis. Antennnae of male and female Semanotus bifasciatus （Motschulsky） were highly sensitive to these nine volatile compounds. Cedrene elicited the strongest response, whereas β-terpinene the lowest. Males and females showed no signifi-cant difference in their EAG responses to the nine volatile compounds.
文摘The nutritional ingredients of adult Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky were analyzed comprehensively in this study.It was showed that the content of water in H.parallela was 78.39%,and the content of dry substances was 21.61%;among dry substances,crude protein,crude fat,ash and crude fiber accounted for 70.27%,16.26%,3.61% and 10.36%,respectively.The mineral elements,trace mineral elements and heavy metals were also determined by Microwave Digestion-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry.The results indicated that the contents of major elements including potassium（K）,magnesium（Mg）,Calcium（Ca）,iron（Fe）were rich,especially the potassium（K）,up to 2 851 mg/kg.In addition,the content of copper was 8.770 167 mg/kg,and the selenium was 0.108 232 mg/kg.It was suggested that H.parallela could be used as good human food and animal feed.
文摘In this paper,a new species of pentatomid bug Menida speciosa Zheng & Xiong,sp.nov.is described from southwestern part of Yunnan Province of China;and the Menida salvazana Distant 1921 is redescribed and figured based upon the type material.
