目的:运用Meta分析法综合相关文献,从定量评价角度,探讨运动干预对青少年儿童抑制控制功能影响的效果量,并进一步探讨运动影响抑制控制功能的调节因素,为今后该领域的研究提供循证依据。方法:通过系统检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)数...目的:运用Meta分析法综合相关文献,从定量评价角度,探讨运动干预对青少年儿童抑制控制功能影响的效果量,并进一步探讨运动影响抑制控制功能的调节因素,为今后该领域的研究提供循证依据。方法:通过系统检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)数据库、万方数据库、Web of Science数据库、EBSCO数据库和PubMed数据库,对运动干预青少年儿童抑制控制功能的相关文献进行收集分析,提取文献资料后使用RevMan5.3软件采用随机效应模型进行整体效应、异质性、发表偏倚性检验,并通过亚组分析探讨调节变量。结果:(1)运动干预对青少年儿童抑制控制功能影响的效应量d=-0.46达到中等偏下的效应且具有统计学意义;(2)运动方式、慢性运动时间、慢性运动频率对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系存在高度异质性;运动干预内容、慢性运动周期对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系存在中等度异质性;研究设计对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系存在较小异质性;运动强度对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系不存在异质性。结论:(1)运动干预对青少年儿童的抑制控制功能有促进效果。(2)急性运动的干预效果优于慢性运动。(3)与其他运动干预项目相比有氧技能项目更适合于抑制控制功能的促进。(4)慢性运动周期12~24周、运动时间50~90min/周、运动频率2~3次/周对抑制控制功能的干预效果显著。展开更多
目的系统评价有氧运动、抗阻运动、联合运动干预对2型糖尿病患者(HbA1c%)、BMI、HDL-C、LDL-C、TC、TG指标的影响,为优化2型糖尿病运动处方提供依据。方法以"2型糖尿病""运动""有氧运动""抗阻运动&q...目的系统评价有氧运动、抗阻运动、联合运动干预对2型糖尿病患者(HbA1c%)、BMI、HDL-C、LDL-C、TC、TG指标的影响,为优化2型糖尿病运动处方提供依据。方法以"2型糖尿病""运动""有氧运动""抗阻运动""糖代谢""脂代谢"等为主题词组合检索,计算机检索PubMed、Web Of Science、Elsevier、Springer Link、中国知网、谷歌学术等数据库期限为1999~2019年全部文献。通过文献追溯法搜集相关随机对照实验(RCT),并根据定量研究质量评估清单对纳入文献进行质量评分。采用Revman5.3软件和STATA软件对所得数据进行统计分析。结果共纳入研究文献14篇(其中中文文献1篇,外文文献13篇)。Meta分析显示:1)有氧运动与联合运动能降低患者BMI,其MD(95%CI)分别为-1.36(-1.70,-1.02),-1.00(-1.44,-0.56)。2)糖化血红蛋白:有氧[MD=-0.34,95%CI(-0.58,-10)]、抗阻[MD=-0.43,95%CI(-0.67,-0.18)]、联合[MD=-0.76,95%CI(-1.37,-0.16)],3种运动方式均能改善糖化血红蛋白;空腹血糖:有氧[SMD=-0.59,95%CI(-0.82,-0.37)]、抗阻[SMD=-0.85,95%CI(-1.41,-0.29)]、联合[SMD=-1.20,95%CI(-1.56,-0.84)]。3种运动方式均能改善糖化血红蛋白及空腹血糖。3)有氧运动可以降低TC[SMD=-0.99,95%CI(-1.43,-0.56)],提高HDL-C[SMD=0.26,95%CI(0.01,0.50)],降低LDL-C[SMD=-0.65,95%CI(-1.05,-0.24)];抗阻运动可以降低TC[SMD=-0.37,95%CI(-0.73,-0.01)]、LDL-C[SMD=-0.35,95%CI(-0.60,-0.10)];联合运动可以降低TC[SMD=-1.37,95%CI(-2.52,-0.22)],提高HDL-C[SMD=0.23,95%CI(0.10,0.36)],降低LDL-C[SMD=-0.93,95%CI(-1.74,-0.12)]。结论有氧运动改善BMI的效果最好;联合运动为2型糖尿病患者控制糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖的最佳运动方式,在控制脂代谢方面效果更佳;3种运动方式均对甘油三酯无显著影响。展开更多
This study aimed to determine the net energy expenditure(EENET)required for overground walking and running 1200 m in a sample of healthy adolescent boys and girls.A secondary purpose was to describe the effect of body...This study aimed to determine the net energy expenditure(EENET)required for overground walking and running 1200 m in a sample of healthy adolescent boys and girls.A secondary purpose was to describe the effect of body composition on energy expenditure(EE)of walking versus running.Twenty healthy adolescents(9 boys,11 girls)aged 15.85±2.80 years performed 2 field tests in regular outdoor conditions:overground walking(1.64±0.17 m/s)and submaximal running(3.13±0.42 m/s),at a self-selected steady pace.EE was measured via indirect calorimetry.Paired sample t-tests were used to determine if there were differences between walking and running conditions and mean percentage differences were estimated for various physiological parameters.Differences in EENET between conditions were performed for both genders using a two(condition)by two(gender)analysis of variance repeated measures design,with fat free mass as a covariate.Speed increased by 90.43%between the 2 conditions,while the different components of EE increased by almost 20%.Running elicited a significantly greater EENET than walking for both genders;however,boys’and girls’EE did not differ significantly.When EENET was adjusted for fat free mass,there was a statistically significant condition×fat free mass effect.The findings in this study indicate that both adolescent boys and girls expend more energy during running than walking,without being affected by body composition.Body mass and fat free mass significantly correlated with EE only during running.In addition,the trained participants of the study optimized locomotion to minimize EE.展开更多
文摘目的:运用Meta分析法综合相关文献,从定量评价角度,探讨运动干预对青少年儿童抑制控制功能影响的效果量,并进一步探讨运动影响抑制控制功能的调节因素,为今后该领域的研究提供循证依据。方法:通过系统检索中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)数据库、万方数据库、Web of Science数据库、EBSCO数据库和PubMed数据库,对运动干预青少年儿童抑制控制功能的相关文献进行收集分析,提取文献资料后使用RevMan5.3软件采用随机效应模型进行整体效应、异质性、发表偏倚性检验,并通过亚组分析探讨调节变量。结果:(1)运动干预对青少年儿童抑制控制功能影响的效应量d=-0.46达到中等偏下的效应且具有统计学意义;(2)运动方式、慢性运动时间、慢性运动频率对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系存在高度异质性;运动干预内容、慢性运动周期对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系存在中等度异质性;研究设计对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系存在较小异质性;运动强度对运动干预和抑制控制功能之间的关系不存在异质性。结论:(1)运动干预对青少年儿童的抑制控制功能有促进效果。(2)急性运动的干预效果优于慢性运动。(3)与其他运动干预项目相比有氧技能项目更适合于抑制控制功能的促进。(4)慢性运动周期12~24周、运动时间50~90min/周、运动频率2~3次/周对抑制控制功能的干预效果显著。
文摘目的系统评价有氧运动、抗阻运动、联合运动干预对2型糖尿病患者(HbA1c%)、BMI、HDL-C、LDL-C、TC、TG指标的影响,为优化2型糖尿病运动处方提供依据。方法以"2型糖尿病""运动""有氧运动""抗阻运动""糖代谢""脂代谢"等为主题词组合检索,计算机检索PubMed、Web Of Science、Elsevier、Springer Link、中国知网、谷歌学术等数据库期限为1999~2019年全部文献。通过文献追溯法搜集相关随机对照实验(RCT),并根据定量研究质量评估清单对纳入文献进行质量评分。采用Revman5.3软件和STATA软件对所得数据进行统计分析。结果共纳入研究文献14篇(其中中文文献1篇,外文文献13篇)。Meta分析显示:1)有氧运动与联合运动能降低患者BMI,其MD(95%CI)分别为-1.36(-1.70,-1.02),-1.00(-1.44,-0.56)。2)糖化血红蛋白:有氧[MD=-0.34,95%CI(-0.58,-10)]、抗阻[MD=-0.43,95%CI(-0.67,-0.18)]、联合[MD=-0.76,95%CI(-1.37,-0.16)],3种运动方式均能改善糖化血红蛋白;空腹血糖:有氧[SMD=-0.59,95%CI(-0.82,-0.37)]、抗阻[SMD=-0.85,95%CI(-1.41,-0.29)]、联合[SMD=-1.20,95%CI(-1.56,-0.84)]。3种运动方式均能改善糖化血红蛋白及空腹血糖。3)有氧运动可以降低TC[SMD=-0.99,95%CI(-1.43,-0.56)],提高HDL-C[SMD=0.26,95%CI(0.01,0.50)],降低LDL-C[SMD=-0.65,95%CI(-1.05,-0.24)];抗阻运动可以降低TC[SMD=-0.37,95%CI(-0.73,-0.01)]、LDL-C[SMD=-0.35,95%CI(-0.60,-0.10)];联合运动可以降低TC[SMD=-1.37,95%CI(-2.52,-0.22)],提高HDL-C[SMD=0.23,95%CI(0.10,0.36)],降低LDL-C[SMD=-0.93,95%CI(-1.74,-0.12)]。结论有氧运动改善BMI的效果最好;联合运动为2型糖尿病患者控制糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖的最佳运动方式,在控制脂代谢方面效果更佳;3种运动方式均对甘油三酯无显著影响。
文摘This study aimed to determine the net energy expenditure(EENET)required for overground walking and running 1200 m in a sample of healthy adolescent boys and girls.A secondary purpose was to describe the effect of body composition on energy expenditure(EE)of walking versus running.Twenty healthy adolescents(9 boys,11 girls)aged 15.85±2.80 years performed 2 field tests in regular outdoor conditions:overground walking(1.64±0.17 m/s)and submaximal running(3.13±0.42 m/s),at a self-selected steady pace.EE was measured via indirect calorimetry.Paired sample t-tests were used to determine if there were differences between walking and running conditions and mean percentage differences were estimated for various physiological parameters.Differences in EENET between conditions were performed for both genders using a two(condition)by two(gender)analysis of variance repeated measures design,with fat free mass as a covariate.Speed increased by 90.43%between the 2 conditions,while the different components of EE increased by almost 20%.Running elicited a significantly greater EENET than walking for both genders;however,boys’and girls’EE did not differ significantly.When EENET was adjusted for fat free mass,there was a statistically significant condition×fat free mass effect.The findings in this study indicate that both adolescent boys and girls expend more energy during running than walking,without being affected by body composition.Body mass and fat free mass significantly correlated with EE only during running.In addition,the trained participants of the study optimized locomotion to minimize EE.
