板式减振垫轨道能降低列车运营对周围环境的影响,确保城市轨道交通引起的振动满足环保要求,在高等减振设计中普遍采用。基于轮轨耦合作用,建立城轨列车-板式减振垫轨道-下部基础有限元模型,对不同减振垫刚度下板式轨道结构进行模态、谐...板式减振垫轨道能降低列车运营对周围环境的影响,确保城市轨道交通引起的振动满足环保要求,在高等减振设计中普遍采用。基于轮轨耦合作用,建立城轨列车-板式减振垫轨道-下部基础有限元模型,对不同减振垫刚度下板式轨道结构进行模态、谐振分析,并对其减振性能进行研究。研究表明:(1)减振垫轨道结构的固有频率随着减振垫刚度的增大而增大,振型包括轨道板的平动、转动、弯曲和钢轨的侧翻、扭转;(2)钢轨至轨道板的传递损失集中在15~30 d B,而轨道板至基底的传递损失峰值达51 d B;(3)车体加速度、轮轨垂向力、钢轨加速度、基底垂向加速度随着减振垫刚度的增大呈增大趋势,而钢轨位移、轨道板加速度和位移呈减小趋势;(4)板式减振垫轨道在25~100 Hz频段的减振效果较好,特别是1/3倍频程中心频率63 Hz处,插入损失达24 d B;在1~25 Hz频段的减振效果一般,而且局部频段出现振动放大的情况。展开更多
Given the energy demands of the electromobility market,the energy density and safety of lithium batteries(LBs)need to be improved,whereas its cost needs to be decreased.For the enhanced performance and decreased cost,...Given the energy demands of the electromobility market,the energy density and safety of lithium batteries(LBs)need to be improved,whereas its cost needs to be decreased.For the enhanced performance and decreased cost,more suitable electrode and electrolyte materials should be developed based on the improved understanding of the degradation mechanisms and structure–performance correlation in the LB system.Thus,various in situ characterization technologies have been developed during the past decades,providing abundant guidelines on the design of electrode and electrolyte materials.Here we first review the progress of in situ characterization of LBs and emphasize the feature of the multi-model coupling of different characterization techniques.Then,we systematically discuss how in situ characterization technologies reveal the electrochemical processes and fundamental mechanisms of different electrode systems based on representative electrode materials and electrolyte components.Finally,we discuss the current challenges,future opportunities,and possible directions to promote in situ characterization technologies for further improvement of the battery performance.展开更多
文摘板式减振垫轨道能降低列车运营对周围环境的影响,确保城市轨道交通引起的振动满足环保要求,在高等减振设计中普遍采用。基于轮轨耦合作用,建立城轨列车-板式减振垫轨道-下部基础有限元模型,对不同减振垫刚度下板式轨道结构进行模态、谐振分析,并对其减振性能进行研究。研究表明:(1)减振垫轨道结构的固有频率随着减振垫刚度的增大而增大,振型包括轨道板的平动、转动、弯曲和钢轨的侧翻、扭转;(2)钢轨至轨道板的传递损失集中在15~30 d B,而轨道板至基底的传递损失峰值达51 d B;(3)车体加速度、轮轨垂向力、钢轨加速度、基底垂向加速度随着减振垫刚度的增大呈增大趋势,而钢轨位移、轨道板加速度和位移呈减小趋势;(4)板式减振垫轨道在25~100 Hz频段的减振效果较好,特别是1/3倍频程中心频率63 Hz处,插入损失达24 d B;在1~25 Hz频段的减振效果一般,而且局部频段出现振动放大的情况。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21820102002, 21931012, 22111530178, 51932001, 51872024, and 51972305)the Cooperation Fund of the Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DNL), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) (No. DNL202020)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFA0703503)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. YZ201623)
文摘Given the energy demands of the electromobility market,the energy density and safety of lithium batteries(LBs)need to be improved,whereas its cost needs to be decreased.For the enhanced performance and decreased cost,more suitable electrode and electrolyte materials should be developed based on the improved understanding of the degradation mechanisms and structure–performance correlation in the LB system.Thus,various in situ characterization technologies have been developed during the past decades,providing abundant guidelines on the design of electrode and electrolyte materials.Here we first review the progress of in situ characterization of LBs and emphasize the feature of the multi-model coupling of different characterization techniques.Then,we systematically discuss how in situ characterization technologies reveal the electrochemical processes and fundamental mechanisms of different electrode systems based on representative electrode materials and electrolyte components.Finally,we discuss the current challenges,future opportunities,and possible directions to promote in situ characterization technologies for further improvement of the battery performance.
