The catalyst function was achieved in two regions in an oxygen permeation membrane reactor： H2 dissociated and reacted with lattice oxygen or oxygen ions to form H20 near the membrane surface. The H20 formed could re...The catalyst function was achieved in two regions in an oxygen permeation membrane reactor： H2 dissociated and reacted with lattice oxygen or oxygen ions to form H20 near the membrane surface. The H20 formed could react with the residual CH4 away from the membrane surface area.展开更多
Lithium metal anodes are of great interest for advanced high-energy density batteries such as lithiumair, lithium-sulfur and solid-state batteries, due to their low electrode potential and ultra-high theoretical capac...Lithium metal anodes are of great interest for advanced high-energy density batteries such as lithiumair, lithium-sulfur and solid-state batteries, due to their low electrode potential and ultra-high theoretical capacity. There are, however, several challenges limiting their practical applications, which include low coulombic efficiency, the uncontrollable growth of dendrites and poor rate capability. Here, a rational design of 3D structured lithium metal anodes comprising of in-situ growth of cobalt-decorated nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes on continuous carbon nanofibers is demonstrated via electrospinning.The porous and free-standing scaffold can enhance the tolerance to stresses resulting from the intrinsic volume change during Li plating/stripping, delivering a significant boost in both charge/discharge rates and stable cycling performance. A binary Co-Li alloying phase was generated at the initial discharge process, creating more active sites for the Li nucleation and uniform deposition. Characterization and density functional theory calculations show that the conductive and uniformly distributed cobalt-decorated carbon nanotubes with hierarchical structure can effectively reduce the local current density and more easily absorb Li atoms, leading to more uniform Li nucleation during plating. The current work presents an advance on scalable and cost-effective strategies for novel electrode materials with 3D hierarchical microstructures and mechanical flexibility for lithium metal anodes.展开更多
研究了具有氧离子导电性和电子导电性的钴系钙钛矿型复合氧化物混合导电体材料中氧的选择性透过能力,考察了该体系中 A 位低价金属离子置换量、置换金属离子的种类及 B 位置换金属离子的种类对氧的透过率的影响.结果表明:改变钙钛矿型...研究了具有氧离子导电性和电子导电性的钴系钙钛矿型复合氧化物混合导电体材料中氧的选择性透过能力,考察了该体系中 A 位低价金属离子置换量、置换金属离子的种类及 B 位置换金属离子的种类对氧的透过率的影响.结果表明:改变钙钛矿型复合氧化物的组成,提高材料中氧空位浓度和氧离子导电率,有利于提高氧离子的扩散速度,即提高氧的透过率和降低氧透过的起始温度.将钙钛矿型复合氧化物混合导电体氧透膜与固体电解质氧透膜进行了比较,前者具有结构简单的优点,有希望成为一种新型高温氧分离膜介质材料.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51304082 and 51174133)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20130462)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.12KJB450001)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.11ZR1412900)
文摘The catalyst function was achieved in two regions in an oxygen permeation membrane reactor： H2 dissociated and reacted with lattice oxygen or oxygen ions to form H20 near the membrane surface. The H20 formed could react with the residual CH4 away from the membrane surface area.
基金kindly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U1864213)the EPSRC Joint UK-India Clean Energy center (JUICE) (EP/P003605/1)+2 种基金the EPSRC Multi-Scale Modelling project (EP/S003053/1)the Innovate UK for Advanced Battery Lifetime Extension (ABLE) projectthe EPSRC for funding under EP/S000933/1。
文摘Lithium metal anodes are of great interest for advanced high-energy density batteries such as lithiumair, lithium-sulfur and solid-state batteries, due to their low electrode potential and ultra-high theoretical capacity. There are, however, several challenges limiting their practical applications, which include low coulombic efficiency, the uncontrollable growth of dendrites and poor rate capability. Here, a rational design of 3D structured lithium metal anodes comprising of in-situ growth of cobalt-decorated nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes on continuous carbon nanofibers is demonstrated via electrospinning.The porous and free-standing scaffold can enhance the tolerance to stresses resulting from the intrinsic volume change during Li plating/stripping, delivering a significant boost in both charge/discharge rates and stable cycling performance. A binary Co-Li alloying phase was generated at the initial discharge process, creating more active sites for the Li nucleation and uniform deposition. Characterization and density functional theory calculations show that the conductive and uniformly distributed cobalt-decorated carbon nanotubes with hierarchical structure can effectively reduce the local current density and more easily absorb Li atoms, leading to more uniform Li nucleation during plating. The current work presents an advance on scalable and cost-effective strategies for novel electrode materials with 3D hierarchical microstructures and mechanical flexibility for lithium metal anodes.
文摘研究了具有氧离子导电性和电子导电性的钴系钙钛矿型复合氧化物混合导电体材料中氧的选择性透过能力,考察了该体系中 A 位低价金属离子置换量、置换金属离子的种类及 B 位置换金属离子的种类对氧的透过率的影响.结果表明:改变钙钛矿型复合氧化物的组成,提高材料中氧空位浓度和氧离子导电率,有利于提高氧离子的扩散速度,即提高氧的透过率和降低氧透过的起始温度.将钙钛矿型复合氧化物混合导电体氧透膜与固体电解质氧透膜进行了比较,前者具有结构简单的优点,有希望成为一种新型高温氧分离膜介质材料.
