In this paper, the submicroscopic deterministic concept developed by the author is applied to the problem of the neutrino mass. A particle appears from space considered as a mathematical lattice of primary topological...In this paper, the submicroscopic deterministic concept developed by the author is applied to the problem of the neutrino mass. A particle appears from space considered as a mathematical lattice of primary topological balls, and induces a deformation coat in its surrounding. The principles of the interaction of particles with space and through space between themselves are considered in detail. The approach states that real quarks possess only an integer charge (±e) and when moving they periodically change to the monopole state (⇄g) and hence, canonical particles are dynamic dyons. A neutrino emerges as a squeezed quark when it is in a monopole state, or in other words, the quark monopole state (a bubble in the tessellattice) is transferred to the appropriate lepton monopole state (a speck in the tessellattice). The self-mass (a “rest” mass) for each neutrino flavour is calculated. The calculated value of the self-mass for the electron anti-neutrino is 1.22873978 × 10<sup>-36</sup> kg = 0.68927247 eV/c<sup>2</sup>. The concept of neutrino oscillations is revised, and another postulation is proposed, namely, that the transition from lighter to heavier flavors is due to the inelastic scattering of neutrinos on oncoming scatterers. As a result, the neutrino captures the mass defect, becomes heavier, and therefore the transitions V<sub>e</sub>⟶V<sub>μ</sub> and V<sub>μ</sub>⟶V<sub>τ</sub> occur;thus, the number of light neutrinos decreases in the neutrino flux studied.展开更多
The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons,...The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons, & mesons) and their components (quarks), mass difference between nucleus and its individual components (protons and neutrons), massless of gamma photons, abnormal masses of mesons and bosons, and the excess in galaxy masses (dark matter). Also, this proposal shows the exact relation between mass and energy: Strong Potential=−3.04mc2| Electric Potential |=−5.57×10−3mc2Gravitational Potential=−1.22×10−7mc2where m represents the excess in mass due to strong potential, or gravitational potential and represents the decrease in mass due to electromagnetic potential. Released energy here equals potential energy and doesn’t equal decrease in mass using the formula E = mc2. Released energy is transferred to heat, photons, kinetic energy… Finally, proposal will try to describe the relation between photon energy and mass of its components using the general equation of kinetic energy: Photon Energy=1/2mc2m is the sum of the individual masses of its components, while the total mass of photon is zero.展开更多
This paper presents theoretical investigation on explanation of the mass defect estimating a new value for the proton mass inside the nucleus in the presence of the gravitational potential, the work has been done by u...This paper presents theoretical investigation on explanation of the mass defect estimating a new value for the proton mass inside the nucleus in the presence of the gravitational potential, the work has been done by using a new theory called the generalized special relativity (GSR).展开更多
The cosmological picture of the World is complemented by the inclusion of virtual objects, phenomenon of the mass defect, entropic interaction, and bifurcations. During the period before the emergence of our Universe,...The cosmological picture of the World is complemented by the inclusion of virtual objects, phenomenon of the mass defect, entropic interaction, and bifurcations. During the period before the emergence of our Universe, space is considered as an infinite homogeneous multifold of virtual point objects with a certain energy and are capable of transitioning into a real state of certain masses, electrical charges, and sizes once at irreversible local fluctuations of density and energy. The existence of such virtual point objects is explained on the basis of the mass defect phenomenon known in nuclear physics and the fact that resultant sum of all forces acting on the object is equal to zero at the homogeneous space. It is shown that the entropic changes caused by irreversible fluctuations should have led to bifurcation and produce the “Big Bang” event with the emergence and subsequent evolution of our Universe. The probability of the set of bifurcations and consequent “Big Bang” events, the origin of the corresponding Universes, the time of their occurring, and initial localization is discussed. The possibility of the transition of virtual objects into a real state is proved using the Principle of Least Action and Le Chatelier’s Principle. It is shown that this is a first-order phase transition which is accompanied by radiation of energy, violation of symmetry, the appearance of mass, electrical charge, motion, and other attributes of real state objects. The “negative” and “standard” gravity, the “negative pressure”, the expansion of our Universe and its “inflationary” period are explained as realizations of the entropic interaction between objects. The “Corpuscular-Wave and the Corpuscular-Field dualisms”, being a manifestation of the Complementarity and the Equivalence Principles, are used for the explanation of the evolution of the Universe. The Anthropic Principle is discussed.展开更多
文摘In this paper, the submicroscopic deterministic concept developed by the author is applied to the problem of the neutrino mass. A particle appears from space considered as a mathematical lattice of primary topological balls, and induces a deformation coat in its surrounding. The principles of the interaction of particles with space and through space between themselves are considered in detail. The approach states that real quarks possess only an integer charge (±e) and when moving they periodically change to the monopole state (⇄g) and hence, canonical particles are dynamic dyons. A neutrino emerges as a squeezed quark when it is in a monopole state, or in other words, the quark monopole state (a bubble in the tessellattice) is transferred to the appropriate lepton monopole state (a speck in the tessellattice). The self-mass (a “rest” mass) for each neutrino flavour is calculated. The calculated value of the self-mass for the electron anti-neutrino is 1.22873978 × 10<sup>-36</sup> kg = 0.68927247 eV/c<sup>2</sup>. The concept of neutrino oscillations is revised, and another postulation is proposed, namely, that the transition from lighter to heavier flavors is due to the inelastic scattering of neutrinos on oncoming scatterers. As a result, the neutrino captures the mass defect, becomes heavier, and therefore the transitions V<sub>e</sub>⟶V<sub>μ</sub> and V<sub>μ</sub>⟶V<sub>τ</sub> occur;thus, the number of light neutrinos decreases in the neutrino flux studied.
文摘The proposal is “mass increases due to strong and gravitational potentials, while it decreases due to Electromagnetic potential”. This proposal explains the big difference in mass between hadrons (protons, neutrons, & mesons) and their components (quarks), mass difference between nucleus and its individual components (protons and neutrons), massless of gamma photons, abnormal masses of mesons and bosons, and the excess in galaxy masses (dark matter). Also, this proposal shows the exact relation between mass and energy: Strong Potential=−3.04mc2| Electric Potential |=−5.57×10−3mc2Gravitational Potential=−1.22×10−7mc2where m represents the excess in mass due to strong potential, or gravitational potential and represents the decrease in mass due to electromagnetic potential. Released energy here equals potential energy and doesn’t equal decrease in mass using the formula E = mc2. Released energy is transferred to heat, photons, kinetic energy… Finally, proposal will try to describe the relation between photon energy and mass of its components using the general equation of kinetic energy: Photon Energy=1/2mc2m is the sum of the individual masses of its components, while the total mass of photon is zero.
文摘This paper presents theoretical investigation on explanation of the mass defect estimating a new value for the proton mass inside the nucleus in the presence of the gravitational potential, the work has been done by using a new theory called the generalized special relativity (GSR).
文摘The cosmological picture of the World is complemented by the inclusion of virtual objects, phenomenon of the mass defect, entropic interaction, and bifurcations. During the period before the emergence of our Universe, space is considered as an infinite homogeneous multifold of virtual point objects with a certain energy and are capable of transitioning into a real state of certain masses, electrical charges, and sizes once at irreversible local fluctuations of density and energy. The existence of such virtual point objects is explained on the basis of the mass defect phenomenon known in nuclear physics and the fact that resultant sum of all forces acting on the object is equal to zero at the homogeneous space. It is shown that the entropic changes caused by irreversible fluctuations should have led to bifurcation and produce the “Big Bang” event with the emergence and subsequent evolution of our Universe. The probability of the set of bifurcations and consequent “Big Bang” events, the origin of the corresponding Universes, the time of their occurring, and initial localization is discussed. The possibility of the transition of virtual objects into a real state is proved using the Principle of Least Action and Le Chatelier’s Principle. It is shown that this is a first-order phase transition which is accompanied by radiation of energy, violation of symmetry, the appearance of mass, electrical charge, motion, and other attributes of real state objects. The “negative” and “standard” gravity, the “negative pressure”, the expansion of our Universe and its “inflationary” period are explained as realizations of the entropic interaction between objects. The “Corpuscular-Wave and the Corpuscular-Field dualisms”, being a manifestation of the Complementarity and the Equivalence Principles, are used for the explanation of the evolution of the Universe. The Anthropic Principle is discussed.
文摘采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS)和质量亏损过滤技术(mass defect filter,MDF)对三叶青黄酮类化合物进行定性分析。通过查阅文献,确定三叶青黄酮类物质母核作为MDF模板,根据取代基的数目和种类确定MDF的质量范围、质量亏损范围,采用UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS采集—MDF-Orbitrap Traditional Chinese Medicine Library(OTCML)数据库检索—Mass Frontier验证的鉴定策略,对三叶青乙醇冷浸液所含的黄酮类物质进行定性分析,共鉴定出41种黄酮类化合物,其中19个为首次发现。该方法对于准确识别三叶青黄酮类化合物,进而科学评价三叶青质量、促进三叶青合理开发具有一定的指导意义。
