The aerodynamic model of propeller,wing,fuselage and vertical tail are established for the tilt quad rotor(TQR)with partial tilt-wing,and then the flight dynamic model is established.Based on the six-degree-of-freedom...The aerodynamic model of propeller,wing,fuselage and vertical tail are established for the tilt quad rotor(TQR)with partial tilt-wing,and then the flight dynamic model is established.Based on the six-degree-of-freedom equation and the small disturbance linearization assumption,the trimming and stability of the tilt quad rotor with partial tilt-wing and the tilt quad rotor without tilt-wing are analyzed.The results show that in the hovering state,due to the existence of tilt-wing,the propeller wake reduces the downwash on the wing,thereby reducing the vertical weight gain of the aircraft.It is beneficial to increase the endurance time and improve the endurance performance.The transition corridor of the TQR with tilt-wing is narrower than that of the TQR without tilt-wing,but the transition corridor of TQR with tilt-wing still has a large space for design.Furthermore,the stability analysis shows that the Dutch roll damping ratio is larger,and in other modes the aircraft has a certain stability.The manipulation response analysis shows that in the transition mode the lateral-directional coupling is strong.展开更多
Spinal manipulation is a manual treatment technique that delivers a thrust,using specific biomechanical parameters to exert its therapeutic effects.These parameters have been shown to have a unique dose-response relat...Spinal manipulation is a manual treatment technique that delivers a thrust,using specific biomechanical parameters to exert its therapeutic effects.These parameters have been shown to have a unique dose-response relationship with the physiological responses of the therapy.So far,however,there has not been a unified approach to standardize these biomechanical characteristics.In fact,it is still undetermined how they affect the observed clinical outcomes of spinal manipulation.This study,therefore,reviewed the current body of literature to explore these dosage parameters and evaluate their significance,with respect to physiological and clinical outcomes.From the experimental studies reviewed herein,it is evident that the modulation of manipulation’s biomechanical parameters elicits transient physiological responses,including changes in neuronal activity,electromyographic responses,spinal stiffness,muscle spindle responses,paraspinal muscle activity,vertebral displacement,and segmental and intersegmental acceleration responses.However,to date,there have been few clinical trials that tested the therapeutic relevance of these changes.In addition,there were some inherent limitations in both human and animal models due to the use of mechanical devices to apply the thrust.Future studies evaluating the effects of varying biomechanical parameters of spinal manipulation should include clinicians to deliver the therapy in order to explore the true clinical significance of the dose-response relationship.展开更多
基金supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘The aerodynamic model of propeller,wing,fuselage and vertical tail are established for the tilt quad rotor(TQR)with partial tilt-wing,and then the flight dynamic model is established.Based on the six-degree-of-freedom equation and the small disturbance linearization assumption,the trimming and stability of the tilt quad rotor with partial tilt-wing and the tilt quad rotor without tilt-wing are analyzed.The results show that in the hovering state,due to the existence of tilt-wing,the propeller wake reduces the downwash on the wing,thereby reducing the vertical weight gain of the aircraft.It is beneficial to increase the endurance time and improve the endurance performance.The transition corridor of the TQR with tilt-wing is narrower than that of the TQR without tilt-wing,but the transition corridor of TQR with tilt-wing still has a large space for design.Furthermore,the stability analysis shows that the Dutch roll damping ratio is larger,and in other modes the aircraft has a certain stability.The manipulation response analysis shows that in the transition mode the lateral-directional coupling is strong.
文摘Spinal manipulation is a manual treatment technique that delivers a thrust,using specific biomechanical parameters to exert its therapeutic effects.These parameters have been shown to have a unique dose-response relationship with the physiological responses of the therapy.So far,however,there has not been a unified approach to standardize these biomechanical characteristics.In fact,it is still undetermined how they affect the observed clinical outcomes of spinal manipulation.This study,therefore,reviewed the current body of literature to explore these dosage parameters and evaluate their significance,with respect to physiological and clinical outcomes.From the experimental studies reviewed herein,it is evident that the modulation of manipulation’s biomechanical parameters elicits transient physiological responses,including changes in neuronal activity,electromyographic responses,spinal stiffness,muscle spindle responses,paraspinal muscle activity,vertebral displacement,and segmental and intersegmental acceleration responses.However,to date,there have been few clinical trials that tested the therapeutic relevance of these changes.In addition,there were some inherent limitations in both human and animal models due to the use of mechanical devices to apply the thrust.Future studies evaluating the effects of varying biomechanical parameters of spinal manipulation should include clinicians to deliver the therapy in order to explore the true clinical significance of the dose-response relationship.
