Objective： To determine the mechanisms underlying the anti-depressant effects of Kaixin JieyuDecoction （开心解郁汤, KJD） by investigating the effects of KJD on behavior, monoamine neurotransmitterlevels, and seroto...Objective： To determine the mechanisms underlying the anti-depressant effects of Kaixin JieyuDecoction （开心解郁汤, KJD） by investigating the effects of KJD on behavior, monoamine neurotransmitterlevels, and serotonin （5-HT） receptor subtype expression in the brain in a rat model of depression. Methods：The rat depression model was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. Forty-eight SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into control, depression model （CUMS）, CUMS＋KJD （7.7 g/kgl-d1 ofcrude drug）, and CUMS＋fluoxetine （2.4 mg/kgl.d1） groups （n=12 in each group）, and the treatments lastedfor 21 days. We regularly evaluated body weight, sucrose consumption, and horizontal and vertical activityscores in open-field tests. The content of the monoamine neurotransmitters 5-HT, norepinephrine （NE）, anddopamine （DA） and the DA metabolite homovanillic acid in the cerebral cortex, and 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptormRNA in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus, were determined respectively by high-performance liquidchromatography-coularray electrochemical detector and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results： Comparedwith the control group, CUMS rats showed a variety of depression-like behavioral changes, including a significantreduction in body weight, sucrose consumption, and horizontal and vertical activity scores in open-field tests（P〈0.05 or ,P〈0.01）, and a significant decrease in 5-HT and NE levels and 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression.In contrast, they showed a significant increase in 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression in the cerebral cortex. Inthe hippocampus, 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression was lower whereas 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expressionwas higher than in the control group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Treatment with KJD or fluoxetine partially attenuatedthese changes （,P〈0.05 or ,P〈0.01）. Conclusion： KJD could normalize the levels of 5-HT and NE and adjust thebalance of 5-HT2A and 5-HT2A receptor expression in rat cerebrum, and thi展开更多
目的:研究针刺"神门"和"命门"穴后大鼠中缝背核(DRN)的5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)及高香草酸(HVA)含量变化,探讨微透析技术在针刺机理研究中的应用。方法:SD雄性大鼠21只随机分为空白对照组、针...目的:研究针刺"神门"和"命门"穴后大鼠中缝背核(DRN)的5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)及高香草酸(HVA)含量变化,探讨微透析技术在针刺机理研究中的应用。方法:SD雄性大鼠21只随机分为空白对照组、针刺"神门"组、针刺"命门"组,采用立体定位法将微透析探针置入大鼠中缝背核,运用微透析法收集大鼠针刺前40min、针刺后20、40、60、80、100、120 min DRN细胞外液,用高效液相-电化学法(HPLC-ED)检测其5-HT、NE、DA及HVA含量的变化。结果:与对照组比较,针刺大鼠"神门"穴和"命门"后2h各时相点中缝背核5-HT、NE、HVA水平差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),但其中针刺"神门"穴NE水平在120min时相点处差异无统计学意义。与针刺前的基础值相比,针刺大鼠"神门"和"命门"穴20min后中缝背核5-HT、NE及HVA的水平显著下降(P<0.01),在其后的2h维持在低水平。针刺"神门"和"命门"穴作用相比除针刺"神门"后40min时相点处NE含量较低(P<0.05)外,其余无显著性差异。本研究在DRN未检出DA。结论:针刺"神门"和"命门"穴能降低中缝背核组织中5-HT、NE及HVA含量。展开更多
Aggression is a common behavioral trait shared in many animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the type and intensity of agonistic encounters and displays can vary widely both across and within...Aggression is a common behavioral trait shared in many animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the type and intensity of agonistic encounters and displays can vary widely both across and within species, resulting in complicated or subjective interpretations that create difficulties in developing theoretical models that can be widely applied. The need to easily and objectively identify quantifiable behaviors and their associated morphologies becomes especially important when attempting to decipher the neurological mechanisms underlying this complex behavior. Monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones have been implicated as important neuromodulators for agonistic displays in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Ad- ditionally, recent breakthroughs in insect research have revealed exciting proximate mechanisms important in aggression that may be broadly relevant, due to the relatively high conservation of these neurochemical systems across animal taxa. In this review, we present the latest research demonstrating the importance of monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones as neuromodulators for aggression across a variety of insect species. Additionally, we describe the stalk-eyed fly as a model system for studying aggres- sion, which integrates physiological, morphological, and neurochemical approaches in exploring detailed mechanisms responsible for this common yet complex behavior. We conclude with our perspective on the most promising lines of future research aimed at understanding the proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying aggressive behaviors .展开更多
Using microbore HPLC and electrochemical detection, A microdialysis HPLC assay system was built. After investigating the linear range, detection limit and reproducibility, this method was used to measure the concentra...Using microbore HPLC and electrochemical detection, A microdialysis HPLC assay system was built. After investigating the linear range, detection limit and reproducibility, this method was used to measure the concentrations of DA and monoamine metabolites in striatal microdialysate with 5 min temporal resolution. The detection limit is less than 5 nmol/L. According to the statistical analysis, the result is stable and accurate. It is very helpful to the physiological, pathological and pharmacological research.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30672696 and 81072801)
文摘Objective： To determine the mechanisms underlying the anti-depressant effects of Kaixin JieyuDecoction （开心解郁汤, KJD） by investigating the effects of KJD on behavior, monoamine neurotransmitterlevels, and serotonin （5-HT） receptor subtype expression in the brain in a rat model of depression. Methods：The rat depression model was established using chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. Forty-eight SpragueDawley rats were randomly divided into control, depression model （CUMS）, CUMS＋KJD （7.7 g/kgl-d1 ofcrude drug）, and CUMS＋fluoxetine （2.4 mg/kgl.d1） groups （n=12 in each group）, and the treatments lastedfor 21 days. We regularly evaluated body weight, sucrose consumption, and horizontal and vertical activityscores in open-field tests. The content of the monoamine neurotransmitters 5-HT, norepinephrine （NE）, anddopamine （DA） and the DA metabolite homovanillic acid in the cerebral cortex, and 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptormRNA in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus, were determined respectively by high-performance liquidchromatography-coularray electrochemical detector and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results： Comparedwith the control group, CUMS rats showed a variety of depression-like behavioral changes, including a significantreduction in body weight, sucrose consumption, and horizontal and vertical activity scores in open-field tests（P〈0.05 or ,P〈0.01）, and a significant decrease in 5-HT and NE levels and 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression.In contrast, they showed a significant increase in 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression in the cerebral cortex. Inthe hippocampus, 5-HT1A receptor mRNA expression was lower whereas 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expressionwas higher than in the control group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Treatment with KJD or fluoxetine partially attenuatedthese changes （,P〈0.05 or ,P〈0.01）. Conclusion： KJD could normalize the levels of 5-HT and NE and adjust thebalance of 5-HT2A and 5-HT2A receptor expression in rat cerebrum, and thi
文摘目的:研究针刺"神门"和"命门"穴后大鼠中缝背核(DRN)的5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)及高香草酸(HVA)含量变化,探讨微透析技术在针刺机理研究中的应用。方法:SD雄性大鼠21只随机分为空白对照组、针刺"神门"组、针刺"命门"组,采用立体定位法将微透析探针置入大鼠中缝背核,运用微透析法收集大鼠针刺前40min、针刺后20、40、60、80、100、120 min DRN细胞外液,用高效液相-电化学法(HPLC-ED)检测其5-HT、NE、DA及HVA含量的变化。结果:与对照组比较,针刺大鼠"神门"穴和"命门"后2h各时相点中缝背核5-HT、NE、HVA水平差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),但其中针刺"神门"穴NE水平在120min时相点处差异无统计学意义。与针刺前的基础值相比,针刺大鼠"神门"和"命门"穴20min后中缝背核5-HT、NE及HVA的水平显著下降(P<0.01),在其后的2h维持在低水平。针刺"神门"和"命门"穴作用相比除针刺"神门"后40min时相点处NE含量较低(P<0.05)外,其余无显著性差异。本研究在DRN未检出DA。结论:针刺"神门"和"命门"穴能降低中缝背核组织中5-HT、NE及HVA含量。
文摘Aggression is a common behavioral trait shared in many animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the type and intensity of agonistic encounters and displays can vary widely both across and within species, resulting in complicated or subjective interpretations that create difficulties in developing theoretical models that can be widely applied. The need to easily and objectively identify quantifiable behaviors and their associated morphologies becomes especially important when attempting to decipher the neurological mechanisms underlying this complex behavior. Monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones have been implicated as important neuromodulators for agonistic displays in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Ad- ditionally, recent breakthroughs in insect research have revealed exciting proximate mechanisms important in aggression that may be broadly relevant, due to the relatively high conservation of these neurochemical systems across animal taxa. In this review, we present the latest research demonstrating the importance of monoamines, neuropeptides, and pheromones as neuromodulators for aggression across a variety of insect species. Additionally, we describe the stalk-eyed fly as a model system for studying aggres- sion, which integrates physiological, morphological, and neurochemical approaches in exploring detailed mechanisms responsible for this common yet complex behavior. We conclude with our perspective on the most promising lines of future research aimed at understanding the proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying aggressive behaviors .
文摘Using microbore HPLC and electrochemical detection, A microdialysis HPLC assay system was built. After investigating the linear range, detection limit and reproducibility, this method was used to measure the concentrations of DA and monoamine metabolites in striatal microdialysate with 5 min temporal resolution. The detection limit is less than 5 nmol/L. According to the statistical analysis, the result is stable and accurate. It is very helpful to the physiological, pathological and pharmacological research.
