OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the quality of life in patients with depression by clinical randomized single-blind placebo-controlled study.METHODS:one hundred and sixty-three cases of depression a...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the quality of life in patients with depression by clinical randomized single-blind placebo-controlled study.METHODS:one hundred and sixty-three cases of depression according with the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a group of acupuncture dredging liver and regulating flow of theosophy(group 1),a group of acupoint shallow stab(group 2)and a group of non-acupoint shallow stab(group 3)at 1∶1∶1 ratio,and treated with acu-puncture,moxibustion,and intradermal embedding of needle,twice a week,for a total of 12 weeks.Scale of Quality of Life(SF-36)was used to measure the scores at four different time points and evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the quality of life of the patients with depression.RESULTS:At each time point after treatment,in scores of the 8 items,physical function,physical role,bodily pain,general physical condition,energy,social function,emotional function and mental health there were statistically significant differences among the 3 groups(P<0.0125).CONCLUSION:Acupuncture can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with depression.展开更多
Background To date murine models of permanent focal cerebral ischemia have not been well characterized. The purposes of this paper were to compare three different permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) mode...Background To date murine models of permanent focal cerebral ischemia have not been well characterized. The purposes of this paper were to compare three different permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) models with or without cra niectomy, and to identify an ideal mouse model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Experiments were performed on 45 healthy adult male Kunming mice, weighing 28 to 42 g. The animals were randomly assigned to three groups (n=15 in every group) based on surgical procedure: MCAo via the external carotid artery (ECA), MCAo via the common carotid artery (CCA), and direct ligation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Each day post-ischemia, the animals were scored using an eight-grade n eurological function scale, and mortality was also recorded. Seven days post-ischemia, the brains were removed for lesion size determination using triphenyltetrazoli um chloride staining. Correlation analysis of lesion volume and neurological score was carried out. Results Mortality in the group receiving direct MCA ligation was lowest among the three groups, and there was a significant difference between the direct MCA ligation group and the two intraluminal occlusion groups (P<0.05). In all groups, neurological scores gradually increased with prolongation of ischemic duration, peaking after two days, then gradually decreasing. In the direct MCA ligation group, however, neurological scores were relatively stable. There was a significant correlation between infarct volume and neurological score 7 days after MCAo in every group (all r>0.7, P<0.05), suggesting good reproducibility of lesion volume in the three groups, but the infarct volume was more constant in the direct MCA ligation group. Conclusion The direct ligation model of MCAo provides an optimal means of studying permanent focal cerebral ischemia, and is preferable to the models using intraluminal sutures.展开更多
目的:预测苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白B细胞和T细胞抗原表位,探讨Mal d 4蛋白与其同源蛋白之间的交叉反应性。方法:以苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白的氨基酸序列为基础,采用生物信息软件HNN预测二级结构;运用DNAStar和Bcepred软件预测其B细胞抗原表...目的:预测苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白B细胞和T细胞抗原表位,探讨Mal d 4蛋白与其同源蛋白之间的交叉反应性。方法:以苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白的氨基酸序列为基础,采用生物信息软件HNN预测二级结构;运用DNAStar和Bcepred软件预测其B细胞抗原表位,用NetMHCⅡ、NetMHCⅡpan、Syfpeithi及Propred软件综合预测T细胞抗原表位;采用Clustal X1.83、Swiss-Model软件比对同源序列和模拟空间构象。结果:该蛋白二级结构以无规则卷曲为主。B/T细胞共同抗原表位的区域为53～61、85～93。苹果Mal d 4蛋白与桃、芒果、甜樱桃、草莓中的前纤维蛋白氨基酸序列同源性达88%以上,空间构象相似。结论:苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白与桃、芒果、甜樱桃和草莓的前纤维蛋白之间可能存在交叉反应,其优势抗原表位区域可能为53～61、85～93,是后续过敏原改造的重点,为继续深入开展苹果过敏原基础性研究提供理论依据。展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the possible association between Toll-interleukin 1 receptor(TIR) domain containing adaptor protein(TIRAP;also known as MAI.) rsl893352 and rs8l77374(S180L) gene polymorphisms and pulmonary tuber...Objective:To evaluate the possible association between Toll-interleukin 1 receptor(TIR) domain containing adaptor protein(TIRAP;also known as MAI.) rsl893352 and rs8l77374(S180L) gene polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) in a sample of Iranian population.Methods:This case-control study was performed on 174 PTB and 177 healthy subjects.Tetra amplification refractory mutation systetn-polymerase chain reaction(T-AKMS-PCR) was used to detect the polymorphisms.Results:Our finding showed that neither the overall Ckisqaare comparison of PTB and control subjects nor the logistic regression analysis indicated any association between rsl893352 polymorphism and PTB.Regarding rs8l77374 polymorphism,the CT genotype as well as CT+TT increased the risk of PTB in comparison with CC genotype(OR=4.73,95%CI=2.65-8.45,P<0.0001 and OR=6.47,95%C1=3.68-11.38,P<0.0001.respectively).The rs8177374 T allele increased the risk of PTB in comparison with C allele(OR=4.21.95%CI=2.43-7.26,P<0.0001).Conclusions:Our finding indicates that TIRAP rs8177374 polymorphism is associated with PTB in a sample of Iranian population.展开更多
目的我国苹果过敏的致敏情况研究非常缺乏。本研究拟分析苹果过敏原的组分蛋白的致敏情况,并对苹果过敏的护理干预效果进行研究。方法40例可疑苹果过敏受试者纳入研究,分为苹果耐受组(n=19)和过敏组(n=21)。所有受试者均接受ImmunoCAP...目的我国苹果过敏的致敏情况研究非常缺乏。本研究拟分析苹果过敏原的组分蛋白的致敏情况,并对苹果过敏的护理干预效果进行研究。方法40例可疑苹果过敏受试者纳入研究,分为苹果耐受组(n=19)和过敏组(n=21)。所有受试者均接受ImmunoCAP过敏原sIgE检测,评估苹果及其主要致敏蛋白组分(Mal d 1和Mal d 3),以及Bet v 2的sIgE水平。分析不同组分在苹果过敏组和耐受组的差异,并对苹果过敏组进行护理干预。结果苹果sIgE阳性率为70%,Mal d 1的阳性率为85%,Mal d 3为20%,Bet v 2的阳性率为35.0%。97.5%的患者至少1种苹果过敏原组分阳性。60%的患者仅对1种苹果过敏原组分过敏,35%对2种组分过敏,2.5%的患者对所有3种组分均过敏。其中50%对Mal d 1单一过敏,而10%对Bet v 2单一过敏。Mal d 3与苹果过敏原sIgE呈正相关(r=0.944,P<0.001)。与耐受组相比,苹果过敏组中Mal d 1的sIgE水平显著升高(P<0.001),Bet v 2 sIgE水平显著降低(P=0.036)。ROC分析显示,Mal d 1 sIgE水平在诊断苹果过敏时的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.902,95%CI 0.789~1.000,P<0.001,cut-off值为1.61kUA/L(灵敏度为93.8%,特异性为75.0%)。对苹果过敏组21例患者进行充分护理教育后,患者病情知晓率达100%,必要忌口联合对症治疗后症状控制率达到90.4%(19/21),目前所有患者在长期随访中。结论Mal d 1是苹果过敏的主要组分,是诊断苹果过敏的最佳指标,苹果、Mal d 3和Bet v 2的sIgE对诊断苹果过敏的价值并不显著。对苹果过敏患者进行有效的护理干预可以提高治疗效果。展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the practice of nutritional assessment and management of hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and the impact of malnutrition on their clinical outcome.METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study on...AIM: To evaluate the practice of nutritional assessment and management of hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and the impact of malnutrition on their clinical outcome.METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with liver cirrhosis consecutively admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Royal Adelaide Hospital over 24 mo. Details were gathered related to the patients' demographics, disease severity, nutritional status and assessment, biochemistry and clinical outcomes. Nutritional status was assessed by a dietician and determined by subjective global assessment. Estimated energy and protein requirements were calculated by Simple Ratio Method. Intake was estimated from dietary history and/or food charts, and represented as a percentage of estimated daily requirements. Median duration of follow up was 14.9(0-41.4) mo. RESULTS: Of the 231 cirrhotic patients(167 male, age: 56.3 ± 0.9 years, 9% Child-Pugh A, 42% ChildPugh B and 49% Child-Pugh C), 131(57%) had formal nutritional assessment during their admission and 74(56%) were judged to have malnutrition. In-hospitalcaloric(15.6 ± 1.2 kcal/kg vs 23.7 ± 2.3 kcal/kg, P = 0.0003) and protein intake(0.65 ± 0.06 g/kg vs 1.01 ± 0.07 g/kg, P = 0.0003) was significantly reduced in patients with malnutrition. Of the malnourished cohort, 12(16%) received enteral nutrition during hospitalisation and only 6(8%) received ongoing dietetic review and assessment following discharge from hospital. The overall mortality was 51%, and was higher in patients with malnutrition compared to those without(HR = 5.29, 95%CI: 2.31-12.1; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Malnutrition is common in hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and is associated with higher mortality. Formal nutritional assessment, however, is inadequate. This highlights the need for meticulous nutritional evaluation and management in these patients.展开更多
The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliab...The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliability. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of real-time embedded software, the formal method is introduced into the real-time embedded software testing field and the real-time extended finite state machine （RT-EFSM） model is studied firstly. Then, the time zone division method of real-time embedded system is presented and the definition and description methods of time-constrained transition equivalence class （timeCTEC） are presented. Furthermore, the approaches of the testing sequence and test case generation are put forward. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a typical avionics real- time embedded software testing practice and the examples of the timeCTEC, testing sequences and test cases are given. With the analysis of the testing result, the application verification shows that the proposed method can effectively describe the real-time embedded software state transition characteristics and real-time requirements and play the advantages of the formal methods in accuracy, effectiveness and the automation supporting. Combined with the testing platform, the real-time, closed loop and automated simulation testing for real-time embedded software can be realized effectively.展开更多
Meta-modelling plays an important role in model driven software development. In this paper, a graphic exten- sion of BNF （GEBNF） is proposed to define the abstract syn- tax of graphic modelling languages. From a GEB...Meta-modelling plays an important role in model driven software development. In this paper, a graphic exten- sion of BNF （GEBNF） is proposed to define the abstract syn- tax of graphic modelling languages. From a GEBNF syntax definition, a formal predicate logic language can be induced so that meta-modelling can be performed formally by spec- ifying a predicate on the domain of syntactically valid mod- els. In this paper, we investigate the theoretical foundation of this meta-modelling approach. We formally define the se- mantics of GEBNF and its induced predicate logic languages, then apply Goguen and Burstall＇s institution theory to prove that they form a sound and valid formal specification lan- guage for meta-modelling.展开更多
以苹果叶片总RNA为模板,通过克隆获得抗苹果斑点落叶病基因Mal d 1。Mal d 1开放阅读框长度为480 bp,编码159个氨基酸残基,包含2个外显子和1个内含子。蛋白结构分析显示,Mal d 1蛋白包含bet v 1-like结构域。荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,Ma...以苹果叶片总RNA为模板,通过克隆获得抗苹果斑点落叶病基因Mal d 1。Mal d 1开放阅读框长度为480 bp,编码159个氨基酸残基,包含2个外显子和1个内含子。蛋白结构分析显示,Mal d 1蛋白包含bet v 1-like结构域。荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,Mal d 1在苹果叶、花、果皮、果肉中均有表达,但各器官中表达水平存在差异;在不同发育时期的果皮中都有表达,表达水平随时间呈现先上升后下降的趋势;在抗性品种叶片中表达水平较高;在叶片人工接种病菌条件下表达量随时间的延长明显高于对照组。利用PRI101-AN载体和农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法转化苹果愈伤组织,转基因愈伤组织的抗病鉴定结果显示,Mal d 1过量表达增强愈伤组织对苹果斑点落叶病的抗性。展开更多
基金Supported by the Youth Fund Project of Natural Science Foundation of China(Antidepressant Mechanism of Acupuncture Based on Snare Proteins Modulating the Release of Glutamic Acid in Presynaptic NeuronsNo.81303041)+5 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Mechanism Research of Acupuncture on Hippocampal Tripartite Glutamatergic Synapses of Depressive Disorder RatsNo.2012M511784)the Outstanding Young Innovation Foundation of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(Clinical Research of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression,No.2012LYM0043)Special Research Foundation of New Teacher Category for the Doctor-al Program of Higher School of National Ministry of Education(the Moderating Effects of Acupuncture for Hippocampal Tripartite Glutamatergic Synapses of Depressive Disorder rats,No.20124425120005)the Special Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(the Modulating Effects of Acupuncture for Glutamic Acid in Hippocampal Presynaptic Neurons of Depressive Disorder Rats,No.2013T60793)the Science Foundation of the Postdoctoral Researchers in Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from Guangdong Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security(Clinical Study on Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Treatment of Depression Based on Patient Reported Outcome Indicators,No.BBK429122K19)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the quality of life in patients with depression by clinical randomized single-blind placebo-controlled study.METHODS:one hundred and sixty-three cases of depression according with the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a group of acupuncture dredging liver and regulating flow of theosophy(group 1),a group of acupoint shallow stab(group 2)and a group of non-acupoint shallow stab(group 3)at 1∶1∶1 ratio,and treated with acu-puncture,moxibustion,and intradermal embedding of needle,twice a week,for a total of 12 weeks.Scale of Quality of Life(SF-36)was used to measure the scores at four different time points and evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the quality of life of the patients with depression.RESULTS:At each time point after treatment,in scores of the 8 items,physical function,physical role,bodily pain,general physical condition,energy,social function,emotional function and mental health there were statistically significant differences among the 3 groups(P<0.0125).CONCLUSION:Acupuncture can effectively improve the quality of life of patients with depression.
文摘Background To date murine models of permanent focal cerebral ischemia have not been well characterized. The purposes of this paper were to compare three different permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) models with or without cra niectomy, and to identify an ideal mouse model of permanent focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Experiments were performed on 45 healthy adult male Kunming mice, weighing 28 to 42 g. The animals were randomly assigned to three groups (n=15 in every group) based on surgical procedure: MCAo via the external carotid artery (ECA), MCAo via the common carotid artery (CCA), and direct ligation of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Each day post-ischemia, the animals were scored using an eight-grade n eurological function scale, and mortality was also recorded. Seven days post-ischemia, the brains were removed for lesion size determination using triphenyltetrazoli um chloride staining. Correlation analysis of lesion volume and neurological score was carried out. Results Mortality in the group receiving direct MCA ligation was lowest among the three groups, and there was a significant difference between the direct MCA ligation group and the two intraluminal occlusion groups (P<0.05). In all groups, neurological scores gradually increased with prolongation of ischemic duration, peaking after two days, then gradually decreasing. In the direct MCA ligation group, however, neurological scores were relatively stable. There was a significant correlation between infarct volume and neurological score 7 days after MCAo in every group (all r>0.7, P<0.05), suggesting good reproducibility of lesion volume in the three groups, but the infarct volume was more constant in the direct MCA ligation group. Conclusion The direct ligation model of MCAo provides an optimal means of studying permanent focal cerebral ischemia, and is preferable to the models using intraluminal sutures.
文摘目的:预测苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白B细胞和T细胞抗原表位,探讨Mal d 4蛋白与其同源蛋白之间的交叉反应性。方法:以苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白的氨基酸序列为基础,采用生物信息软件HNN预测二级结构;运用DNAStar和Bcepred软件预测其B细胞抗原表位,用NetMHCⅡ、NetMHCⅡpan、Syfpeithi及Propred软件综合预测T细胞抗原表位;采用Clustal X1.83、Swiss-Model软件比对同源序列和模拟空间构象。结果:该蛋白二级结构以无规则卷曲为主。B/T细胞共同抗原表位的区域为53～61、85～93。苹果Mal d 4蛋白与桃、芒果、甜樱桃、草莓中的前纤维蛋白氨基酸序列同源性达88%以上,空间构象相似。结论:苹果过敏原Mal d 4蛋白与桃、芒果、甜樱桃和草莓的前纤维蛋白之间可能存在交叉反应,其优势抗原表位区域可能为53～61、85～93,是后续过敏原改造的重点,为继续深入开展苹果过敏原基础性研究提供理论依据。
文摘Objective:To evaluate the possible association between Toll-interleukin 1 receptor(TIR) domain containing adaptor protein(TIRAP;also known as MAI.) rsl893352 and rs8l77374(S180L) gene polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) in a sample of Iranian population.Methods:This case-control study was performed on 174 PTB and 177 healthy subjects.Tetra amplification refractory mutation systetn-polymerase chain reaction(T-AKMS-PCR) was used to detect the polymorphisms.Results:Our finding showed that neither the overall Ckisqaare comparison of PTB and control subjects nor the logistic regression analysis indicated any association between rsl893352 polymorphism and PTB.Regarding rs8l77374 polymorphism,the CT genotype as well as CT+TT increased the risk of PTB in comparison with CC genotype(OR=4.73,95%CI=2.65-8.45,P<0.0001 and OR=6.47,95%C1=3.68-11.38,P<0.0001.respectively).The rs8177374 T allele increased the risk of PTB in comparison with C allele(OR=4.21.95%CI=2.43-7.26,P<0.0001).Conclusions:Our finding indicates that TIRAP rs8177374 polymorphism is associated with PTB in a sample of Iranian population.
文摘目的我国苹果过敏的致敏情况研究非常缺乏。本研究拟分析苹果过敏原的组分蛋白的致敏情况,并对苹果过敏的护理干预效果进行研究。方法40例可疑苹果过敏受试者纳入研究,分为苹果耐受组(n=19)和过敏组(n=21)。所有受试者均接受ImmunoCAP过敏原sIgE检测,评估苹果及其主要致敏蛋白组分(Mal d 1和Mal d 3),以及Bet v 2的sIgE水平。分析不同组分在苹果过敏组和耐受组的差异,并对苹果过敏组进行护理干预。结果苹果sIgE阳性率为70%,Mal d 1的阳性率为85%,Mal d 3为20%,Bet v 2的阳性率为35.0%。97.5%的患者至少1种苹果过敏原组分阳性。60%的患者仅对1种苹果过敏原组分过敏,35%对2种组分过敏,2.5%的患者对所有3种组分均过敏。其中50%对Mal d 1单一过敏,而10%对Bet v 2单一过敏。Mal d 3与苹果过敏原sIgE呈正相关(r=0.944,P<0.001)。与耐受组相比,苹果过敏组中Mal d 1的sIgE水平显著升高(P<0.001),Bet v 2 sIgE水平显著降低(P=0.036)。ROC分析显示,Mal d 1 sIgE水平在诊断苹果过敏时的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.902,95%CI 0.789~1.000,P<0.001,cut-off值为1.61kUA/L(灵敏度为93.8%,特异性为75.0%)。对苹果过敏组21例患者进行充分护理教育后,患者病情知晓率达100%,必要忌口联合对症治疗后症状控制率达到90.4%(19/21),目前所有患者在长期随访中。结论Mal d 1是苹果过敏的主要组分,是诊断苹果过敏的最佳指标,苹果、Mal d 3和Bet v 2的sIgE对诊断苹果过敏的价值并不显著。对苹果过敏患者进行有效的护理干预可以提高治疗效果。
文摘AIM: To evaluate the practice of nutritional assessment and management of hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and the impact of malnutrition on their clinical outcome.METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study on patients with liver cirrhosis consecutively admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Royal Adelaide Hospital over 24 mo. Details were gathered related to the patients' demographics, disease severity, nutritional status and assessment, biochemistry and clinical outcomes. Nutritional status was assessed by a dietician and determined by subjective global assessment. Estimated energy and protein requirements were calculated by Simple Ratio Method. Intake was estimated from dietary history and/or food charts, and represented as a percentage of estimated daily requirements. Median duration of follow up was 14.9(0-41.4) mo. RESULTS: Of the 231 cirrhotic patients(167 male, age: 56.3 ± 0.9 years, 9% Child-Pugh A, 42% ChildPugh B and 49% Child-Pugh C), 131(57%) had formal nutritional assessment during their admission and 74(56%) were judged to have malnutrition. In-hospitalcaloric(15.6 ± 1.2 kcal/kg vs 23.7 ± 2.3 kcal/kg, P = 0.0003) and protein intake(0.65 ± 0.06 g/kg vs 1.01 ± 0.07 g/kg, P = 0.0003) was significantly reduced in patients with malnutrition. Of the malnourished cohort, 12(16%) received enteral nutrition during hospitalisation and only 6(8%) received ongoing dietetic review and assessment following discharge from hospital. The overall mortality was 51%, and was higher in patients with malnutrition compared to those without(HR = 5.29, 95%CI: 2.31-12.1; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Malnutrition is common in hospitalised patients with cirrhosis and is associated with higher mortality. Formal nutritional assessment, however, is inadequate. This highlights the need for meticulous nutritional evaluation and management in these patients.
基金supported by the Aviation Science Foundation of China
文摘The reliability of real-time embedded software directly determines the reliability of the whole real-time embedded sys- tem, and the effective software testing is an important way to ensure software quality and reliability. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of real-time embedded software, the formal method is introduced into the real-time embedded software testing field and the real-time extended finite state machine （RT-EFSM） model is studied firstly. Then, the time zone division method of real-time embedded system is presented and the definition and description methods of time-constrained transition equivalence class （timeCTEC） are presented. Furthermore, the approaches of the testing sequence and test case generation are put forward. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a typical avionics real- time embedded software testing practice and the examples of the timeCTEC, testing sequences and test cases are given. With the analysis of the testing result, the application verification shows that the proposed method can effectively describe the real-time embedded software state transition characteristics and real-time requirements and play the advantages of the formal methods in accuracy, effectiveness and the automation supporting. Combined with the testing platform, the real-time, closed loop and automated simulation testing for real-time embedded software can be realized effectively.
文摘Meta-modelling plays an important role in model driven software development. In this paper, a graphic exten- sion of BNF （GEBNF） is proposed to define the abstract syn- tax of graphic modelling languages. From a GEBNF syntax definition, a formal predicate logic language can be induced so that meta-modelling can be performed formally by spec- ifying a predicate on the domain of syntactically valid mod- els. In this paper, we investigate the theoretical foundation of this meta-modelling approach. We formally define the se- mantics of GEBNF and its induced predicate logic languages, then apply Goguen and Burstall＇s institution theory to prove that they form a sound and valid formal specification lan- guage for meta-modelling.
文摘目的:研究肺癌患者、肺结核患者及健康人群T淋巴细胞相关蛋白(T-lymphocyte maturation-associated protein,MAL)基因启动子区的甲基化状态,进一步探讨血浆MAL基因甲基化检测对于肺癌早期诊断及鉴别肺癌与肺结核疾病的意义。方法:采用甲基化特异性PCR(methylation special PCR,MSP)方法,检测75例肺癌组织标本、癌旁组织标本和对应的血浆标本及58例肺结核组织标本及对应的血浆标本的MAL基因启动子区甲基化状态;同时检测30例正常人群的血浆标本MAL甲基化状态作为对照。结果:肺癌组织和癌旁组织中MAL基因甲基化发生率分别为78.7%(59/75)和2.7%(2/75),差别具有统计学意义(P<0.001);肺癌和肺结核组织中MAL基因甲基化发生率分别为78.7%(59/75)和3.4%(2/58),差别具有统计学意义(P<0.001);肺癌患者与肺结核患者对应的血浆中MAL基因甲基化发生率分别73.3%(55/75)和1.7%(1/58),差别也具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。正常健康人群的血浆标本中未发现MAL基因甲基化改变;肺癌组和肺结核组分别与健康人群组比较,肺癌组明显高于健康人群(P<0.001),而肺结核组患者与健康人群比较无明显差异(P=0.47)。组织标本和血浆标本的检出率具有一致性(P>0.05)。根据病理类型、TNM分期、性别、吸烟史等对肺癌患者进行分组,各组之间均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:MSP法检测血浆MAL基因甲基化状态,可以作为一种有潜力的肺癌早期诊断方法,对于鉴别肺癌和肺结核也有一定的帮助。
文摘以苹果叶片总RNA为模板,通过克隆获得抗苹果斑点落叶病基因Mal d 1。Mal d 1开放阅读框长度为480 bp,编码159个氨基酸残基,包含2个外显子和1个内含子。蛋白结构分析显示,Mal d 1蛋白包含bet v 1-like结构域。荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,Mal d 1在苹果叶、花、果皮、果肉中均有表达,但各器官中表达水平存在差异;在不同发育时期的果皮中都有表达,表达水平随时间呈现先上升后下降的趋势;在抗性品种叶片中表达水平较高;在叶片人工接种病菌条件下表达量随时间的延长明显高于对照组。利用PRI101-AN载体和农杆菌介导的遗传转化方法转化苹果愈伤组织,转基因愈伤组织的抗病鉴定结果显示,Mal d 1过量表达增强愈伤组织对苹果斑点落叶病的抗性。
