在容积为50 m L的RK/FGC-50挂槽式浮选机上进行了孔雀石硫化浮选试验,研究了不同铵(胺)盐活化剂对孔雀石硫化浮选行为的影响规律。结果表明:乙二胺磷酸盐、硫酸铵、碳酸氢铵、氯化铵、硝酸铵、氟化铵、碳酸铵均对孔雀石硫化浮选具有活...在容积为50 m L的RK/FGC-50挂槽式浮选机上进行了孔雀石硫化浮选试验,研究了不同铵(胺)盐活化剂对孔雀石硫化浮选行为的影响规律。结果表明:乙二胺磷酸盐、硫酸铵、碳酸氢铵、氯化铵、硝酸铵、氟化铵、碳酸铵均对孔雀石硫化浮选具有活化作用;用单一活化剂时效果最佳的是硫酸铵,用组合活化剂时乙二胺磷酸盐和碳酸氢铵组合效果最好,且组合活化剂活化效果优于单一活化剂。当p H=10,乙二胺磷酸盐+碳酸氢铵用量为(1.0×10-5+1.0×10-4)mol/L,硫化钠用量为5×10-4mol/L,异戊基黄药用量为1×10-3mol/L时,孔雀石的回收率为67.67%,与直接硫化浮选法相比,回收率提高了25%。展开更多
A novel collector 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime(HPHO)was synthesized from 2-hydroxy acetophenone and butyraldehyde.Its flotation performance and adsorption mechanism to malachite were investigated by flotati...A novel collector 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime(HPHO)was synthesized from 2-hydroxy acetophenone and butyraldehyde.Its flotation performance and adsorption mechanism to malachite were investigated by flotation test,zeta potential,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis techniques.Compared with benzohydroxamic acid(BA),1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one oxime(HPEO)and sodium isobutyl xanthate(SIBX),HPHO exhibited excellent collecting power to malachite without additional reagents,such as Na2S regulator and methyl isobutyl carbinol(MIBC)frother.Results of zeta potential indicated that HPHO was coated on malachite surfaces through a chemisorption process.FTIR and XPS data gave clear evidence for the formation of Cu−oxime complex on malachite surfaces after HPHO adsorption through the linkage between C=C,—OH,N—OH group and Cu species.展开更多
The surface hydrophobization and flotation of a xanthate−hydroxamate collector toward copper oxide mineral were compared with the combined collectors of xanthate and hydroxamate through water contact angle(WCA)and mic...The surface hydrophobization and flotation of a xanthate−hydroxamate collector toward copper oxide mineral were compared with the combined collectors of xanthate and hydroxamate through water contact angle(WCA)and micro-flotation experiments.The results showed that S-[(2-hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-O-octyl-dithiocarbonate ester(HAOODE)exhibited stronger hydrophobization and better flotation performance to malachite(Cu2(OH)2CO3)than octyl-hydroxamic acid(OHA)and its combination with S-allyl-O-ethyl xanthate ester(AEXE).To understand the hydrophobic intensification mechanism of HAOODE to malachite,zeta potential,atomic force microscopy(AFM)and XPS measurements were carried out.The results recommended that malachite chemisorbed HAOODE to form Cu—HAOODE complexes in which the hydroxamate—(O,O)—Cu and—O—C(—S—Cu)—S—configurations co-existed.The co-adsorption of HAOODE’s hetero-difunctional groups was more stable than the single-functionalgroup adsorption of OHA and AEXE,which produced the“loop”structure and intensified the self-assembly alignment of HAOODE on malachite surfaces.In addition,the“h”shape steric orientation of the double hydrophobic groups in HAOODE facilitated stronger hydrophobization toward malachite than the“line”or“V”hydrophobic carbon chains of OHA or AEXE.Thus,HAOODE achieved the preferable flotation recovery of malachite particles in comparison with OHA and AEXE.展开更多
Sulfamic acid （SA）, which possesses a zwitterionic structure, was applied as a leaching reagent for the first time for extracting copper from copper oxide ore. The effects of reaction time, temperature, particle siz...Sulfamic acid （SA）, which possesses a zwitterionic structure, was applied as a leaching reagent for the first time for extracting copper from copper oxide ore. The effects of reaction time, temperature, particle size, reagent concentration, and stirring speed on this leach- ing were studied. The dissolution kinetics of malachite was illustrated with a three-dimensional diffusion model. A novel leaching effect of SA on malachite was eventually demonstrated. The leaching rate increased with decreasing particle size and increasing concentration, reac- tion temperature and stirring speed. The activation energy for SA leaching malachite was 33.23 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the effectiveness of SA as a new reagent for extracting copper from copper oxide ore was confirmed by experiment. This approach may provide a solution suitable for subsequent electrowinning. In addition, results reported herein may provide basic data that enable the leaching of other carbonate miner- als of copper, zinc, cobalt and so on in an SA system.展开更多
One of the Iranian copper deposits that is located east of Iran and also known as a primeval one in that area is Mesgaran Field. Old mining works have been clearly seen in the area. Iran is located on global copper be...One of the Iranian copper deposits that is located east of Iran and also known as a primeval one in that area is Mesgaran Field. Old mining works have been clearly seen in the area. Iran is located on global copper belt and as a result it has numerous potential areas as copper deposits. The purpose of this study is identifying possible potentialities of copper mining in less developed regions of Iran with basic modern technologies. In this study, laboratory investigations of this field were done on samples via leaching and the cementation method. According to the study purposes, acid concentration, temperature, time and pulp density were selected as the main factors that were tested in leaching studies. Moreover, pH, temperature, time and the amount of iron powder were factors which were tested for copper cementation. Optimum conditions of leaching studies with 99.11% recovery rate were obtained after 120 grams per liter of H2SO4, 80 degrees Celsius, 2 hours and 100 grams per liter of solid to liquid. On the other hand, optimum conditions of cementation by iron powder were resulted at more than 95% with a pH of 3, 45 degrees Celsius, 1 hour and 1.5 times more than the stoichiometric equation of required iron powder amount to precipitate copper.展开更多
Leaching of an oxidized copper ore containing malachite, as a new approach, was investigated by an organic reagent, citric acid. Sulfuric acid is the most common reagent in the leaching of oxide copper ores, but it ha...Leaching of an oxidized copper ore containing malachite, as a new approach, was investigated by an organic reagent, citric acid. Sulfuric acid is the most common reagent in the leaching of oxide copper ores, but it has several side effects such as severe adverse impact on the environment. In this investigation, the effects of particle size, acid concentration, leaching time, solid/liquid ratio, temperature, and stirring speed were optimized. According to the experimental results, malachite leaching by citric acid was technically feasible. Optimum leaching conditions were found as follows： the range of particle size, 105-150 μm; acid concentration, 0.2 M; leaching time, 30 min; solid/liquid ratio, 1：20 g/mL; temperature, 40℃; and stirring speed, 200 r/min. Under the optimum conditions, 91.61% of copper was extracted.展开更多
文摘在容积为50 m L的RK/FGC-50挂槽式浮选机上进行了孔雀石硫化浮选试验,研究了不同铵(胺)盐活化剂对孔雀石硫化浮选行为的影响规律。结果表明:乙二胺磷酸盐、硫酸铵、碳酸氢铵、氯化铵、硝酸铵、氟化铵、碳酸铵均对孔雀石硫化浮选具有活化作用;用单一活化剂时效果最佳的是硫酸铵,用组合活化剂时乙二胺磷酸盐和碳酸氢铵组合效果最好,且组合活化剂活化效果优于单一活化剂。当p H=10,乙二胺磷酸盐+碳酸氢铵用量为(1.0×10-5+1.0×10-4)mol/L,硫化钠用量为5×10-4mol/L,异戊基黄药用量为1×10-3mol/L时,孔雀石的回收率为67.67%,与直接硫化浮选法相比,回收率提高了25%。
基金Projects(2018GDASCX-0934,2020GDASYL-20200302009)supported by Guangdong Academy of Sciences,China。
文摘A novel collector 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)hex-2-en-1-one oxime(HPHO)was synthesized from 2-hydroxy acetophenone and butyraldehyde.Its flotation performance and adsorption mechanism to malachite were investigated by flotation test,zeta potential,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis techniques.Compared with benzohydroxamic acid(BA),1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one oxime(HPEO)and sodium isobutyl xanthate(SIBX),HPHO exhibited excellent collecting power to malachite without additional reagents,such as Na2S regulator and methyl isobutyl carbinol(MIBC)frother.Results of zeta potential indicated that HPHO was coated on malachite surfaces through a chemisorption process.FTIR and XPS data gave clear evidence for the formation of Cu−oxime complex on malachite surfaces after HPHO adsorption through the linkage between C=C,—OH,N—OH group and Cu species.
基金Project(51474253)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘The surface hydrophobization and flotation of a xanthate−hydroxamate collector toward copper oxide mineral were compared with the combined collectors of xanthate and hydroxamate through water contact angle(WCA)and micro-flotation experiments.The results showed that S-[(2-hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-O-octyl-dithiocarbonate ester(HAOODE)exhibited stronger hydrophobization and better flotation performance to malachite(Cu2(OH)2CO3)than octyl-hydroxamic acid(OHA)and its combination with S-allyl-O-ethyl xanthate ester(AEXE).To understand the hydrophobic intensification mechanism of HAOODE to malachite,zeta potential,atomic force microscopy(AFM)and XPS measurements were carried out.The results recommended that malachite chemisorbed HAOODE to form Cu—HAOODE complexes in which the hydroxamate—(O,O)—Cu and—O—C(—S—Cu)—S—configurations co-existed.The co-adsorption of HAOODE’s hetero-difunctional groups was more stable than the single-functionalgroup adsorption of OHA and AEXE,which produced the“loop”structure and intensified the self-assembly alignment of HAOODE on malachite surfaces.In addition,the“h”shape steric orientation of the double hydrophobic groups in HAOODE facilitated stronger hydrophobization toward malachite than the“line”or“V”hydrophobic carbon chains of OHA or AEXE.Thus,HAOODE achieved the preferable flotation recovery of malachite particles in comparison with OHA and AEXE.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51168020, 51404119, and 51464029)the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province, China (No. 2014Y0845)the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation and Talent Cultivation Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology (Nos. 41118011 and 201421066)
文摘Sulfamic acid （SA）, which possesses a zwitterionic structure, was applied as a leaching reagent for the first time for extracting copper from copper oxide ore. The effects of reaction time, temperature, particle size, reagent concentration, and stirring speed on this leach- ing were studied. The dissolution kinetics of malachite was illustrated with a three-dimensional diffusion model. A novel leaching effect of SA on malachite was eventually demonstrated. The leaching rate increased with decreasing particle size and increasing concentration, reac- tion temperature and stirring speed. The activation energy for SA leaching malachite was 33.23 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the effectiveness of SA as a new reagent for extracting copper from copper oxide ore was confirmed by experiment. This approach may provide a solution suitable for subsequent electrowinning. In addition, results reported herein may provide basic data that enable the leaching of other carbonate miner- als of copper, zinc, cobalt and so on in an SA system.
文摘One of the Iranian copper deposits that is located east of Iran and also known as a primeval one in that area is Mesgaran Field. Old mining works have been clearly seen in the area. Iran is located on global copper belt and as a result it has numerous potential areas as copper deposits. The purpose of this study is identifying possible potentialities of copper mining in less developed regions of Iran with basic modern technologies. In this study, laboratory investigations of this field were done on samples via leaching and the cementation method. According to the study purposes, acid concentration, temperature, time and pulp density were selected as the main factors that were tested in leaching studies. Moreover, pH, temperature, time and the amount of iron powder were factors which were tested for copper cementation. Optimum conditions of leaching studies with 99.11% recovery rate were obtained after 120 grams per liter of H2SO4, 80 degrees Celsius, 2 hours and 100 grams per liter of solid to liquid. On the other hand, optimum conditions of cementation by iron powder were resulted at more than 95% with a pH of 3, 45 degrees Celsius, 1 hour and 1.5 times more than the stoichiometric equation of required iron powder amount to precipitate copper.
文摘Leaching of an oxidized copper ore containing malachite, as a new approach, was investigated by an organic reagent, citric acid. Sulfuric acid is the most common reagent in the leaching of oxide copper ores, but it has several side effects such as severe adverse impact on the environment. In this investigation, the effects of particle size, acid concentration, leaching time, solid/liquid ratio, temperature, and stirring speed were optimized. According to the experimental results, malachite leaching by citric acid was technically feasible. Optimum leaching conditions were found as follows： the range of particle size, 105-150 μm; acid concentration, 0.2 M; leaching time, 30 min; solid/liquid ratio, 1：20 g/mL; temperature, 40℃; and stirring speed, 200 r/min. Under the optimum conditions, 91.61% of copper was extracted.
